Anomalous spatial modifications of beams diffracted by two-dimensional periodic media
JOSA A, Vol. 24, Issue 6, pp. 1666-1679 (2007)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.24.001666
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Abstract
By using a rigorous plane-wave representation, we examine the diffracted fields generated by a Gaussian beam incident onto the planar upper boundary of a 2D periodic structure. We first determine a geometric profile for every diffracted beam by neglecting the amplitude variation of its plane-wave spectrum. We then account for the spectral variation and show that, with respect to that geometric profile, every actual diffracted beam exhibits spatial modifications in the form of 2D lateral displacements, focal shifts, angular deviations, and beam-width alterations. These effects are relatively large if the incidence conditions tend to generate grating resonances. The magnitudes of the beam modifications are illustrated by using a canonic grating model that consists of a planar surface whose impedance varies sinusoidally along its two orthogonal directions. We also develop accurate analytical expressions for the spatial modifications by expressing the spectral amplitude functions in terms of Padé approximants. We thus find that the 2D spatial effects exhibit greater complexity and include features that are absent in previously reported cases involving 1D periodic surfaces.
© 2007 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(050.0050) Diffraction and gratings : Diffraction and gratings
(050.1950) Diffraction and gratings : Diffraction gratings
(050.2770) Diffraction and gratings : Gratings
(290.5830) Scattering : Scattering, Brillouin
ToC Category:
Diffraction and Gratings
History
Original Manuscript: September 28, 2006
Revised Manuscript: November 17, 2006
Manuscript Accepted: November 20, 2006
Published: May 9, 2007
Citation
Frank Falco, Theodor Tamir, and K. Ming Leung, "Anomalous spatial modifications of beams diffracted by two-dimensional periodic media," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 24, 1666-1679 (2007)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?URI=josaa-24-6-1666
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