Light radiated from foveal photoreceptors was analyzed in the eye’s pupil at $470\mathrm{nm}$ and $532\mathrm{nm}$ . The reflectance of the inner limiting membrane was then measured at $6\mathrm{deg}$ from the fovea for the same wavelengths, allowing us to determine the macular pigment (MP) density $D_{\mathrm{dir}}$ using the directional reflectance technique. In addition we measured the MP density $D_{\mathrm{nd}}$ using the nondirectional reflectance technique (26 subjects). The mean values of $D_{\mathrm{dir}}$ and $D_{\mathrm{nd}}$ were $0.419\pm 0.097$ and $0.195\pm 0.042\mathrm{D.U.}$ , respectively (sample field of $2\mathrm{deg}$ ). They were highly correlated $(p<0.0001)$ . Comparison of $D_{\mathrm{dir}}$ and $D_{\mathrm{nd}}$ implies that $57\pm 12\%$ of the light reflected from the fovea comes from layers anterior to MP at $470\mathrm{nm}$ . The mean directionality factors ρ that we have measured at $470\mathrm{nm}$ and $532\mathrm{nm}$ were equal to $0.239\pm 0.028$ and $0.210\pm 0.028{\mathrm{mm}}^{-2}$ , respectively. They were correlated $(p<0.0001)$ and followed the spectral dependence suggested by Marcos.