Abstract
Two-parallel embedded optical waveguides are analyzed, using the mode-matching method that matches the boundary conditions in the sense of least squares on the basis of the Rayleigh principle for unbounded objects. The precise numerical results of the cutoff frequencies, the dispersion relations near the cutoff, and the field distributions in the waveguides are presented for the several lowest hybrid modes. The frequency range where only the lowest even and odd HE modes propagate and the differences between their propagation constants are discussed; these are of particular importance for a quantitative understanding of the operation of the waveguides as a directional coupler.
© 1987 Optical Society of America
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