Abstract

The polarized differential absorption spectra of the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{4+}$ ion in ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{4+}:{\mathrm{SrGd}}_4({\mathrm{SiO}}_4{)}_3\mathrm{O}$ and ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{4+}:{\mathrm{CaGd}}_4({\mathrm{SiO}}_4{)}_3\mathrm{O}$ crystals were studied under picosecond excitation. Polarized excited-state absorption (ESA) spectra were derived from the differential absorption spectra by use of the ground-state absorption (GSA) and ESA cross sections obtained from intensity-dependent transmission measurements. ESA was assigned to the ${}^3{T}_2\to {}^3{T}_1{(}^{3}F)$ and ${}^3{T}_2\to {}^3{T}_1{(}^{3}P)$ transitions of the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{4+}$ ion. Passive $Q$ switching of a ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{YAlO}}_3$ (1.08-μm) and a ruby (694-nm) laser with the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{4+}:{\mathrm{SrGd}}_4({\mathrm{SiO}}_4{)}_3\mathrm{O}$ and the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{4+}:{\mathrm{CaGd}}_4({\mathrm{SiO}}_4{)}_3\mathrm{O}$ crystals as saturable absorbers was demonstrated. The pulse duration (energy) of the $Q$-switched ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{YAlO}}_3$ and the ruby laser were found to be 55 ns (2.4 mJ) and 90 ns (20 mJ), respectively.

© 1998 Optical Society of America

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