Detailed numerical and experimental studies of propagation of $110\mathrm{fs}$ laser pulses at $800\mathrm{nm}$ in small-core photonic crystal fibers $(\gamma \approx 100{\mathrm{W}}^{–1}{\mathrm{km}}^{-1})$ reveal that pulse breakup occurs in two distinct regimes defined by the input power. At low peak power (soliton order $N⩽7$ ) higher-order soliton fission occurs: individual solitons being ejected from the input pulse one after the other and are arranged in wavelength and in time by peak power. At higher levels of peak power $(N>8)$ , pulse breakup results in ejection of bound soliton pairs and the formation of single solitons that collide during propagation.

© 2008 Optical Society of America

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