Cross-phase modulation response of a DCC-DFB-SOA all-optical flip-flop

Masoud Jabbari; Mohammad Kazem Moravvej-Farshi; Rahim Ghayour; Abbas Zarifkar

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.26.001720

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 26,
Issue 9,
pp. 1720-1727
(2009)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.26.001720

Cross-phase modulation response of a DCC-DFB-SOA all-optical flip-flop

Masoud Jabbari, Mohammad Kazem Moravvej-Farshi, Rahim Ghayour, and Abbas Zarifkar

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Masoud Jabbari, Mohammad Kazem Moravvej-Farshi, Rahim Ghayour, and Abbas Zarifkar, "Cross-phase modulation response of a DCC-DFB-SOA all-optical flip-flop," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 26, 1720-1727 (2009)

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- Optical Devices
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: March 3, 2009
- Revised Manuscript: June 27, 2009
- Manuscript Accepted: June 28, 2009
- Published: August 18, 2009

Abstract

Using the coupled-mode and carrier rate equations, we have derived a dynamic model for the distributed feedback semiconductor optical amplifier (DFB-SOA) all-optical flip-flop (AOFF). We have analyzed the effects of the coupling coefficient and the corrugation position on the dynamic response of the device. We have also investigated the effects of cross-phase modulation on the switching speed of the DFB-SOA with the distributed coupling coefficient (DCC), known as the DCC-DFB-SOA AOFF. Furthermore, it is shown that by optimizing the coupling coefficient value and the corrugation position, the AOFF speed limitation is improved significantly. The ON and OFF switching time values, in an optimized condition, are 300 and 100 ps, respectively, while the carrier lifetime is about 780 ps. In comparison with those of a conventional DFB-SOA-AOFF, these values show reductions of more than 2 and 14 times in the ON and the OFF switching times, respectively. Under such conditions, a maximum bit rate of 1.4 GHz is achieved. The finite difference time-domain method is utilized for the numerical simulations.

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Symbol	Description	Value	Unit
L	Active region length	300	$μ m$
W	Active region width	2	$μ m$
d	Active region thickness	0.15	$μ m$
Γ	Optical confinement factor	0.32	—
$α_{m}$	Linewidth enhancement factor	5	—
$N_{0}$	Transparency carrier density	$0.4 \times 10^{24}$	$m^{- 3}$
n	Modal refractive index	3.2353	—
σ	Mode cross section	$10^{- 12}$	$m^{2}$
$κ_{a v}$	Average coupling coefficient	$10^{4}$	$m^{- 1}$
$R_{1} = R_{2}$	Facets reflectivities	0	—
$A_{n r a d}$	Nonradiative recombination constant	$1 \times 10^{8}$	$s^{- 1}$
$B_{r a d}$	Radiative recombination constant	$2.5 \times 10^{- 17}$	$m^{3} / s$
$C_{A u g}$	Auger recombination constant	$9.4 \times 10^{- 41}$	$m^{6} / s$
$a_{1}$	Material gain constant	$6 \times 10^{- 20}$	$m^{2}$
$a_{2}$	Material gain constant	$7.4 \times 10^{18}$	$m^{- 3}$
$a_{3}$	Material gain constant	$3.115 \times 10^{25}$	$m^{- 4}$
$a_{4}$	Material gain constant	$3.0 \times 10^{- 32}$	$m^{4}$
$λ_{0}$	Wavelength at transparency	1595	nm
Λ	Grating period	227.5	nm

DFB-SOA Type	Set Pulse		Reset Pulse		ON Time (ps)	OFF Time (ps)	Ref.
DFB-SOA Type	FWHM (ps)	Energy (fJ)	FWHM (ps)	Energy (pJ)	ON Time (ps)	OFF Time (ps)	Ref.
Conventional	360	0.330	800	36	$\sim 600$	$\sim 1400$	[14]
DFB laser diode	7	200	7	0.2	$\sim 75$	$< 20$	[7]
Coupled to a DFB laser	300	10.6	300	4.4	$\sim 50$	$\sim 50$	[4]
Cascaded with a SOA	$\sim 1000$	N/A	$\sim 1000$	N/A	$> 1000$	$> 1000$	[8]
Linearly chirped	90	260	90	19.5	$\sim 190$	$\sim 195$	[12]
DCC-DFB-SOA	90	450	90	14.89	$\sim 300$	$\sim 100$	Present

Symbol	Description	Value	Unit
L	Active region length	300	$μ m$
W	Active region width	2	$μ m$
d	Active region thickness	0.15	$μ m$
Γ	Optical confinement factor	0.32	—
$α_{m}$	Linewidth enhancement factor	5	—
$N_{0}$	Transparency carrier density	$0.4 \times 10^{24}$	$m^{- 3}$
n	Modal refractive index	3.2353	—
σ	Mode cross section	$10^{- 12}$	$m^{2}$
$κ_{a v}$	Average coupling coefficient	$10^{4}$	$m^{- 1}$
$R_{1} = R_{2}$	Facets reflectivities	0	—
$A_{n r a d}$	Nonradiative recombination constant	$1 \times 10^{8}$	$s^{- 1}$
$B_{r a d}$	Radiative recombination constant	$2.5 \times 10^{- 17}$	$m^{3} / s$
$C_{A u g}$	Auger recombination constant	$9.4 \times 10^{- 41}$	$m^{6} / s$
$a_{1}$	Material gain constant	$6 \times 10^{- 20}$	$m^{2}$
$a_{2}$	Material gain constant	$7.4 \times 10^{18}$	$m^{- 3}$
$a_{3}$	Material gain constant	$3.115 \times 10^{25}$	$m^{- 4}$
$a_{4}$	Material gain constant	$3.0 \times 10^{- 32}$	$m^{4}$
$λ_{0}$	Wavelength at transparency	1595	nm
Λ	Grating period	227.5	nm

DFB-SOA Type	Set Pulse		Reset Pulse		ON Time (ps)	OFF Time (ps)	Ref.
DFB-SOA Type	FWHM (ps)	Energy (fJ)	FWHM (ps)	Energy (pJ)	ON Time (ps)	OFF Time (ps)	Ref.
Conventional	360	0.330	800	36	$\sim 600$	$\sim 1400$	[14]
DFB laser diode	7	200	7	0.2	$\sim 75$	$< 20$	[7]
Coupled to a DFB laser	300	10.6	300	4.4	$\sim 50$	$\sim 50$	[4]
Cascaded with a SOA	$\sim 1000$	N/A	$\sim 1000$	N/A	$> 1000$	$> 1000$	[8]
Linearly chirped	90	260	90	19.5	$\sim 190$	$\sim 195$	[12]
DCC-DFB-SOA	90	450	90	14.89	$\sim 300$	$\sim 100$	Present

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B