Abstract

We theoretically study the role of the mode structure of a multicomponent Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) in the potential created by a nonlinear optical lattice. We describe a multisoliton complex (MSC) as a superposition of different fundamental soliton modes in the matter-wave system. Using a similarity transformation, we solve the nonlinear evolution equation of the multimode coupled matter-wave field and construct a set of analytical bright soliton solutions. A perturbation method is used to examine the linear stability of the constructed solitons. Based on these particular solutions, we numerically analyze the mode structure of a MSC. The results show that the periodicity causes a Bloch modulation in the envelopes of the density distribution. When different fundamental modes collide with each other in the nonlinear lattice, the collision-induced shifts, and the space-dependent modulation of external potentials change the density profile of the multimode soliton complex. Therefore, the mode structure, which is absent in a one-mode BEC, provides the possible multiscale modeling of the matter-wave field with extra degrees of freedom.

© 2013 Optical Society of America

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