Abstract

We measure and analyze beam-coupling gain and response time in BaTiO₃ crystals doped with cobalt at levels of 50 and 100 parts in 10⁶ for various oxidation and reduction states. We discuss the effect of cobalt doping and oxidation–reduction on the electron paramagnetic resonance and optical absorption of BaTiO₃. We compare the BaTiO₃:Co samples with nominally undoped and transition-metal- (chromium, manganese, iron, and iron + nickel) doped BaTiO₃. We conclude that cobalt-doped BaTiO₃ in the as-grown state displays high photorefractive gain that is correlated with the cobalt concentration in a reproducible manner. Cobalt appears to be the most promising transition-metal dopant for BaTiO₃ investigated so far.

© 1990 Optical Society of America

High beam-coupling gain and deep- and shallow-trap effects in cobalt-doped barium titanate, BaTiO₃:Co

M. H. Garrett, J. Y. Chang, H. P. Jenssen, and C. Warde
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