Abstract
We have designed a hyper-Rayleigh scattering scheme to measure six scalar invariants of the squared hyperpolarizability tensor Our theoretical approach expresses the rotational invariants of the irreducible β components as scalars, which eliminates the need for difficult frame transformations. We applied our scheme to several conjugated chiral molecules and found that there are significant Kleinman-disallowed pseudotensor contributions to their hyperpolarizability. These components, along with a large optical rotation and the results of quantum-chemical calculations, indicate a handed nonplanar delocalization of the charge-transfer system in such molecules as predicted by quantum-chemical calculations and are expected to lead to macroscopic second-harmonic generation in axially aligned polymer materials. Pseudotensor contributions to the hyperpolarizability in chiral molecules were found to be as large as the vector contribution in -nitroaniline. We qualitatively investigated the dispersion in the Kleinman-disallowed components and confirmed that these components are smaller at longer wavelengths.
© 1998 Optical Society of America
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