Laser spectral dynamics of Nd3+ in CaF2–YF3 crystals

I. Iparraguirre; J. Azkargorta; J. Fernández; R. Balda; A. Oleaga; A. A. Kaminskii

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.16.001439

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 16,
Issue 9,
pp. 1439-1446
(1999)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.16.001439

Laser spectral dynamics of Nd³⁺ in CaF₂–YF₃ crystals

I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. Fernández, R. Balda, A. Oleaga, and A. A. Kaminskii

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I. Iparraguirre, J. Azkargorta, J. Fernández, R. Balda, A. Oleaga, and A. A. Kaminskii, "Laser spectral dynamics of Nd³⁺ in CaF₂–YF₃ crystals," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 1439-1446 (1999)

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Abstract

A spectral and dynamic study of spontaneous and stimulated emission of ${Nd}^{3 +}$ in yttrofluorite ${CaF}_{2} - {YF}_{3} (5 %)$ crystals proves the existence of two main sites for the rare-earth ion in these crystals. Flash-lamp-pumped laser experiments show the existence of two laser output lines, centered at 1054 and 1063 nm, which correspond to stimulated emissions from the two resolved ${Nd}^{3 +}$ sites. The dependence of the time-resolved laser output energy and relative intensities of both lines on the pump energy suggests the existence of some kind of coupling between the two emissions produced by the stimulated-emission field itself. The ratio between the output energies at the two wavelengths was modeled as a simple rate-equation laser model that takes the stimulated-emission coupling into account.

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Emission wavelength (nm)	Temperature (K)	Lifetime (µs)
Excitation wavelength $λ = 856.5 nm$
1052.4	4.2	326
	78	307
	RT	307
Excitation wavelength $λ = 863.0 nm$
1066.0	4.2	495
	78	401
	RT	412

Case	Threshold Parameter	Slope Parameter	Threshold	Mode
I	>1	<0	$W_{02} = \frac{K A_{1} A_{2}}{A_{1} B_{2} + α A_{2} B_{12}}$	W > W₀₂; mode 2
II	>1	>0	$W_{02} = \frac{K A_{1} A_{2}}{A_{1} B_{2} + α A_{2} B_{12}}$	W₀₂ < W < W₀₁; mode 2
			$W_{01} = \frac{K A_{1}}{B_{1}} \frac{(1 - b_{12}) (1 - \frac{A_{2} b_{12}}{A_{1} b_{2}})}{α - (1 + α) b_{12}}$	W₀₁ < W; mode 1 + 2
III	<1	>0	$W_{01} = \frac{K A_{1}}{α B_{1}}$	W₀₁ < W < W₀₂; mode 1
			$W_{02} = \frac{K A_{2}}{B_{2}} (1 - b_{12})$	W₀₂ < W; mode 1 + 2
IV	<1	<0	$W_{01} = \frac{K A_{1}}{α B_{1}}$	W₀₁ < W < W₀₂; mode 1
			$W_{02} = \frac{K A_{2}}{B_{2}} (1 - b_{12})$	W₀₂ < W < W₀₁′; mode 1 + 2
			$W_{01'} = \frac{K A_{1}}{B_{1}} \frac{(1 - b_{12}) (1 - \frac{A_{2} b_{12}}{A_{1} b_{2}})}{α - (1 + α) b_{12}}$	W₀₁′ < W; mode 2

Emission wavelength (nm)	Temperature (K)	Lifetime (µs)
Excitation wavelength $λ = 856.5 nm$
1052.4	4.2	326
	78	307
	RT	307
Excitation wavelength $λ = 863.0 nm$
1066.0	4.2	495
	78	401
	RT	412

Case	Threshold Parameter	Slope Parameter	Threshold	Mode
I	>1	<0	$W_{02} = \frac{K A_{1} A_{2}}{A_{1} B_{2} + α A_{2} B_{12}}$	W > W₀₂; mode 2
II	>1	>0	$W_{02} = \frac{K A_{1} A_{2}}{A_{1} B_{2} + α A_{2} B_{12}}$	W₀₂ < W < W₀₁; mode 2
			$W_{01} = \frac{K A_{1}}{B_{1}} \frac{(1 - b_{12}) (1 - \frac{A_{2} b_{12}}{A_{1} b_{2}})}{α - (1 + α) b_{12}}$	W₀₁ < W; mode 1 + 2
III	<1	>0	$W_{01} = \frac{K A_{1}}{α B_{1}}$	W₀₁ < W < W₀₂; mode 1
			$W_{02} = \frac{K A_{2}}{B_{2}} (1 - b_{12})$	W₀₂ < W; mode 1 + 2
IV	<1	<0	$W_{01} = \frac{K A_{1}}{α B_{1}}$	W₀₁ < W < W₀₂; mode 1
			$W_{02} = \frac{K A_{2}}{B_{2}} (1 - b_{12})$	W₀₂ < W < W₀₁′; mode 1 + 2
			$W_{01'} = \frac{K A_{1}}{B_{1}} \frac{(1 - b_{12}) (1 - \frac{A_{2} b_{12}}{A_{1} b_{2}})}{α - (1 + α) b_{12}}$	W₀₁′ < W; mode 2

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Equations (10)

Journal of the Optical Society of America B