Experimental analysis of the whispering-gallery modes in a cylindrical optical microcavity

M. L. M. Balistreri; D. J. W. Klunder; F. C. Blom; A. Driessen; J. P. Korterik; L. Kuipers; N. F. van Hulst

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.18.000465

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 18,
Issue 4,
pp. 465-471
(2001)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.18.000465

Experimental analysis of the whispering-gallery modes in a cylindrical optical microcavity

M. L. M. Balistreri, D. J. W. Klunder, F. C. Blom, A. Driessen, J. P. Korterik, L. Kuipers, and N. F. van Hulst

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M. L. M. Balistreri, D. J. W. Klunder, F. C. Blom, A. Driessen, J. P. Korterik, L. Kuipers, and N. F. van Hulst, "Experimental analysis of the whispering-gallery modes in a cylindrical optical microcavity," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 18, 465-471 (2001)

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Abstract

A real-space study of a cylindrical integrated optical microcavity by means of a photon scanning-tunneling microscope with a resolution of 50 nm reveals optical intensity distributions in great detail. Moreover, novel phenomena such as polarization conversion and conversion from copropagation to counterpropagation are observed. We present detailed maps of the optical field distribution of the whispering-gallery modes inside the microcavity as a function of both wavelength and position. We have made a quantitative comparison between measured and calculated field distributions. As a result, the buildup of the various whispering-gallery modes is better understood.

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WGM Ring	Spatial Mode-Beat Length (µm)
Inner ring	$2.9 \pm 0.1$
	$3.4 \pm 0.3$
	$5.7 \pm 0.6$
	$7.2 \pm 0.9$
	$10 \pm 2$
	$29 \pm 14$
Outer ring	$2.12 \pm 0.08$
	$2.5 \pm 0.1$
	$2.8 \pm 0.1$
	$3.3 \pm 0.2$
	$7.0 \pm 0.9$
	$14 \pm 2$

Type of Mode Beat	Simulation	Experiment
Spatial (µm)a
Counterpropagation	0.181–0.230	0.177–0.232 ±0.003
Copropagation	1.71–29.1	$2.12 \pm 0.08$ – $29 \pm 14$
Free Spectral Range
${TM}_{0 l}$	0.51	$0.51 \pm 0.01$
${TE}_{0 l}$	0.53	$0.54 \pm 0.01$
${TE}_{10}$	0.58	$0.59 \pm 0.01$
Spectral (nm)b
Counterpropagation
90°	1.02–1.17	0.99–1.17
270°	0.34–0.39	$0.99 - 1.10 \pm 0.04$
Copropagation
90°	>17.2	>6
270°	>5.7	>6

WGM Ring	Spatial Mode-Beat Length (µm)
Inner ring	$2.9 \pm 0.1$
	$3.4 \pm 0.3$
	$5.7 \pm 0.6$
	$7.2 \pm 0.9$
	$10 \pm 2$
	$29 \pm 14$
Outer ring	$2.12 \pm 0.08$
	$2.5 \pm 0.1$
	$2.8 \pm 0.1$
	$3.3 \pm 0.2$
	$7.0 \pm 0.9$
	$14 \pm 2$

Type of Mode Beat	Simulation	Experiment
Spatial (µm)a
Counterpropagation	0.181–0.230	0.177–0.232 ±0.003
Copropagation	1.71–29.1	$2.12 \pm 0.08$ – $29 \pm 14$
Free Spectral Range
${TM}_{0 l}$	0.51	$0.51 \pm 0.01$
${TE}_{0 l}$	0.53	$0.54 \pm 0.01$
${TE}_{10}$	0.58	$0.59 \pm 0.01$
Spectral (nm)b
Counterpropagation
90°	1.02–1.17	0.99–1.17
270°	0.34–0.39	$0.99 - 1.10 \pm 0.04$
Copropagation
90°	>17.2	>6
270°	>5.7	>6

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Tables (2)

Journal of the Optical Society of America B