We have studied theoretically the inherent mechanisms of nonvolatile holographic storage in doubly doped LiNbO₃ crystals. The photochromic effect of doubly doped LiNbO₃ crystals is discussed, and the criterion for this effect is obtained through the photochromism–bleach factor a=S₂₁γ₁/S₁₁γ₂ that we define. The two-center recording and fixing processes are analytically discussed with extended Kukhtarev equations, and analytical expressions for recorded and fixed steady-state space-charge fields as well as temporal behavior during the fixing process are obtained. The effects of microphysical quantities, the macrophotochromic effect on fixing efficiency, and recorded and fixed steady-state space-charge fields, are discussed analytically and numerically.

© 2002 Optical Society of America

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