We show that it is possible to determine the magnitude of the three principal refractive indices of a biaxial crystal from the measurement of the double-refraction effect at the exit of the crystal cut as a millimetric sphere and illuminated with a laser beam. By this way, we determined the indices of a monoclinic crystal, ${\mathrm{Ca}}_4\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{O}{\left(\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{O}}_3\right)}_3$ , at $\lambda =0.6328\mu \mathrm{m}$ with an accuracy of $6\times {10}^{-3}$ . The sphere method, which we implemented several years ago, is now self-sufficient for a complete characterization of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of any new biaxial crystal.

© 2006 Optical Society of America

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