Theoretical optimization of transverse waveguiding in oxide-confined VCSELs with internal photonic crystals
JOSA B, Vol. 26, Issue 12, pp. 2461-2468 (2009)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.26.002461
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Abstract
We systematically investigate transverse optical modes in oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with photonic crystal (PC) structures embedded within the cavity of the VCSEL. We consider the interplay between the effective refractive index step of the oxide and the semiconductor and the oxide aperture size. The PC lattice period a, the diameter of the holes d, and the number of lattice periods around the central defect are considered. We evaluate confinement factors for the various transverse modes and consider their spatial extent in the transverse plane which we relate to the output power. Results suggest that the power of the single-mode photonic crystal vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (PC-VCSELs) is limited by the smaller radius of the fundamental mode of the PC-VCSEL compared to the VCSEL with no PC. We discuss various designs aimed to optimize power into the single-fundamental mode and to discriminate from power going into other modes.
© 2009 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(140.3430) Lasers and laser optics : Laser theory
(140.4780) Lasers and laser optics : Optical resonators
ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics
History
Original Manuscript: June 18, 2009
Revised Manuscript: October 27, 2009
Manuscript Accepted: November 1, 2009
Published: November 30, 2009
Citation
Pavel Ivanov and Judy Rorison, "Theoretical optimization of transverse waveguiding in oxide-confined VCSELs with internal photonic crystals," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 26, 2461-2468 (2009)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/josab/abstract.cfm?URI=josab-26-12-2461
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