Ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of an $\varepsilon \text{-}\mathrm{Ga}\mathrm{Se}$ crystal at terahertz (THz) frequencies are experimentally determined in this study. Fitting experimental data by THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), we proposed revised complex dielectric functions and Sellmeier equations of GaSe for both ordinary and extraordinary waves from $0.2\text{to}100\mathrm{THz}$ . Phonon vibrational modes and overtones in the THz frequency range are examined in detail. The high magnitude of the figure of merit ( $\mathrm{FOM}\sim {10}^3$ at $1\mathrm{THz}$ ), the large birefringence ( $\Delta \mathrm{n}\sim 0.76$ at $1\mathrm{THz}$ ). and the low absorption coefficient ( $\alpha \sim 0.2{\mathrm{cm}}^{-1}$ at $1\mathrm{THz}$ ) of GaSe are also identified. Potential applications to practical photonic devices such as phase shifters at THz frequencies are proposed.

© 2009 Optical Society of America

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