Pulsed laser-induced breakdown at the titanium–water interface leads to the formation of titanium–water plasma, which evokes high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) conditions at the interfacial region and under suitable condition results in the formation of ${\mathrm{TiO}}_2$ nanoparticles. Laser-induced HPHT conditions at the titanium–water interface are characterized using the beam deflection setup and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, respectively. An estimate of HPHT at the interface is used to gain insight into the nucleation process of ${\mathrm{TiO}}_2$ nanoparticles. Assuming the existence of the thermodynamical equilibrium between the titanium and water plasma, the pressure and temperature at the interface are employed to measure the nucleation time, growth velocity, and the size of the nanoparticles for comparison with the synthesized nanoparticles.

© 2012 Optical Society of America

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