We propose and demonstrate a novel optical pulse multiplier applicable to OTDM (Optical Time Division Multiplexing) systems using cascaded long-period fiber gratings. We have exploited the fact that each mode in a fiber has a different propagation constant to obtain time delays among optical pulses. The proposed scheme could realize high-frequency optical pulse multiplication for optical short pulse trains. We have successfully implemented two, four, and eight times multiplications with the maximum repetition rate of 416.7 ㎓. The obtained pulse delays are well matched with the simulated ones.

© 2004 Optical Society of Korea

1. I. Shake, H. Takara, S. Kawanishi, and M. Saruwatari, "High-repetition-rate optical pulse generation by using chirped optical pulses," Electron. Lett., vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 792-793, 1998. [CrossRef]
2. D. A. Chestnut, C. J. S. de Matos, and J. R. Taylor, "4x repetition-rate multiplication and Raman compression of pulses in the same optical fiber," Opt. Lett., vol. 27, no. 14, pp. 1262-1264, 2002. [CrossRef]
3. P. Petropoulos, M. Ibsen, M. N. Zervas, and D. J. Richardson, "Generation of a 40-GHz pulse stream by pulse multiplication with a sampled fiber Bragg grating,"Opt. Lett., vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 521-523, 2000. [CrossRef]
4. S. Longhi, M. Marano, P. Laporta, O. Svelto, M. Belmonte, B. Agogliati, L. Arcangeli, V. Pruneri, M. N. Zervas, and M. Ibsen, "40-GHz pulse-train generation at 1.5 <TEX>${\mu}m$</TEX> with a chirped fiber grating as a frequency multiplier," Opt. Lett., vol. 25, no. 19, pp. 1481-1483, 2000. [CrossRef]
5. J. Azana, R. Slavaik, P. Kockaert, L. R. Chen, and S. LaRochelle, "Generation of customized ultrahigh repeti￢tion rate pulse sequences using superimposed fiber Bragg gratings," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 1490-1498, 2003. [CrossRef]
6. T. Ohara, H. Takara, I. Shake, K. Mori, S. Kawanishi, S. Mino, T. Yamada, M. Ishii, T. Kitagawa, K. R. Parameswaran, and M. M. Fejer, "160-Gbjs opticaltime-division multiplexing with PPLN hybrid integrated planar lightwave circuit," IEEE Photon. Tech. Lett., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 302-304, 2003. [CrossRef]
7. N. K. Berger, B. Levit, S. Atkins, and B. Fischer, "Repetition rate multiplication of optical pulses using fiber Bragg gratings," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference "2002, Optical Society of America, Anaheim, USA, pp. 659-660, 2002.
8. T. J. Eom, N. H. Soong, D. Y. Kim, C. S. Park, U. C. Paek, and B. H. Lee, "OTDM Signal Generation Using a Long-Period Fiber Grating Pair," in Optoelectronics and Comm:unications Conference "2001, Sydney, Australia, pp. 117-118, 2001.
9. B. H. Lee, and U. C. Paek, "Multislit interpretation of cascaded fiber grating," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 1750-1761, 2002. [CrossRef]
10. B. H. Lee, and J. Nishi, "Dependence of fringe spacing on the grating separation in a long-period fiber grating pair," Appl. Opt., vol. 38, no. 16, pp. 3450-3459, 1999. [CrossRef]
11. I. N. Duling, C. -J. Chen, P. K. A. Wai, and C. R. Menyuk, "Operation of nonlinear loop mirror in a laser cavity," IEEE J. Quantum Electmnics, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 194-199, 1994. [CrossRef]
12. S. Ramachandran, Z. Wang, and M. F. Yan, "Bandwidth control of long-period grating-based mode converters in few-mode fibers," Opt. Lett. vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 698-700, 2002. [CrossRef]
13. S. J. Kim, T. J. Earn, B. H. Lee, and C. S. Park, "Novel all-optical temporal encoder/decoder based on cascaded long-period fiber gratings for high-speed optical CDMA systems," in 29th Eumpean Conference on Optical Communication "2003, Conference Proceedings, Rimini, Italy, pp. 598-599, 2003.
14. B. H. Lee, T. J. Eom, M. J. Kim, and U. C. Paek, "Mode coupling within inner cladding fibers," J. Opt. Soc. Korea, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 53-58, 2003.

29th European Conference on Optical Communication '2003, Conference Proceedings

• S. J. Kim, T. J. Earn, B. H. Lee, and C. S. Park, "Novel all-optical temporal encoder/decoder based on cascaded long-period fiber gratings for high-speed optical CDMA systems," in 29th Eumpean Conference on Optical Communication "2003, Conference Proceedings, Rimini, Italy, pp. 598-599, 2003.

Applied Optics

• B. H. Lee, and J. Nishi, "Dependence of fringe spacing on the grating separation in a long-period fiber grating pair," Appl. Opt., vol. 38, no. 16, pp. 3450-3459, 1999. [CrossRef]

Electronics Letters

• I. Shake, H. Takara, S. Kawanishi, and M. Saruwatari, "High-repetition-rate optical pulse generation by using chirped optical pulses," Electron. Lett., vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 792-793, 1998. [CrossRef]

IEEE Photon. Tech. Lett.

• T. Ohara, H. Takara, I. Shake, K. Mori, S. Kawanishi, S. Mino, T. Yamada, M. Ishii, T. Kitagawa, K. R. Parameswaran, and M. M. Fejer, "160-Gbjs opticaltime-division multiplexing with PPLN hybrid integrated planar lightwave circuit," IEEE Photon. Tech. Lett., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 302-304, 2003. [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

• J. Azana, R. Slavaik, P. Kockaert, L. R. Chen, and S. LaRochelle, "Generation of customized ultrahigh repeti￢tion rate pulse sequences using superimposed fiber Bragg gratings," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 1490-1498, 2003. [CrossRef]
• B. H. Lee, and U. C. Paek, "Multislit interpretation of cascaded fiber grating," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 1750-1761, 2002. [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Korea

• B. H. Lee, T. J. Eom, M. J. Kim, and U. C. Paek, "Mode coupling within inner cladding fibers," J. Opt. Soc. Korea, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 53-58, 2003.

Optical Fiber Communication Conference '2002

• N. K. Berger, B. Levit, S. Atkins, and B. Fischer, "Repetition rate multiplication of optical pulses using fiber Bragg gratings," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference "2002, Optical Society of America, Anaheim, USA, pp. 659-660, 2002.

Optics Letters

• D. A. Chestnut, C. J. S. de Matos, and J. R. Taylor, "4x repetition-rate multiplication and Raman compression of pulses in the same optical fiber," Opt. Lett., vol. 27, no. 14, pp. 1262-1264, 2002. [CrossRef]
• P. Petropoulos, M. Ibsen, M. N. Zervas, and D. J. Richardson, "Generation of a 40-GHz pulse stream by pulse multiplication with a sampled fiber Bragg grating,"Opt. Lett., vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 521-523, 2000. [CrossRef]
• S. Longhi, M. Marano, P. Laporta, O. Svelto, M. Belmonte, B. Agogliati, L. Arcangeli, V. Pruneri, M. N. Zervas, and M. Ibsen, "40-GHz pulse-train generation at 1.5 <TEX>${\mu}m$</TEX> with a chirped fiber grating as a frequency multiplier," Opt. Lett., vol. 25, no. 19, pp. 1481-1483, 2000. [CrossRef]
• S. Ramachandran, Z. Wang, and M. F. Yan, "Bandwidth control of long-period grating-based mode converters in few-mode fibers," Opt. Lett. vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 698-700, 2002. [CrossRef]

Optoelectronics and Communications Conference '2001

• T. J. Eom, N. H. Soong, D. Y. Kim, C. S. Park, U. C. Paek, and B. H. Lee, "OTDM Signal Generation Using a Long-Period Fiber Grating Pair," in Optoelectronics and Comm:unications Conference "2001, Sydney, Australia, pp. 117-118, 2001.

Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of

• I. N. Duling, C. -J. Chen, P. K. A. Wai, and C. R. Menyuk, "Operation of nonlinear loop mirror in a laser cavity," IEEE J. Quantum Electmnics, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 194-199, 1994. [CrossRef]

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