In this paper, we numerically study both band-pass and band-stop plasmonic filters based on Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) waveguides and circular ring resonators. The band-pass filter consists of two MIM waveguides coupled to each other by a circular ring resonator. The band-stop filter is made up of an MIM waveguide coupled laterally to a circular ring resonator. The propagating modes of Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) are studied in these structures. By substituting a portion of the ring core with air, while the outer dimensions of the ring resonator are kept constant, we illustrate the possibility of red-shift in resonant wavelengths in order to tune the resonance modes of the proposed filters. This feature is useful for integrated circuits in which we have limitations on the outer dimensions of the filter structure and it is not possible to enlarge the dimension of the ring resonator to reach to longer resonant wavelengths. The results are obtained by a 2D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The introduced structures have potential applications in plasmonic integrated circuits and can be simply fabricated.

© 2011 Optical Society of Korea

1. S. I. Bozhevolnyi, “Plasmonic nanoguides and circuits,” inPlasmonics and Metamaterials (Pan Stanford Publishing,Singapore, 2008).
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5. S. Kim, Y. T. Byun, D.-G. Kim, N. Dagli, and Y. Chung,“Widely tunable coupled-ring reflector laser diode consistingof square ring resonators,” J. Opt. Soc. Korea 14, 38-41(2010). [CrossRef]
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7. Z. Fu, Q. Gan, K. Gao, Z. Pan, and F. J. Bartoli, “Numericalinvestigation of a bidirectional wave coupler based onplasmonic Bragg gratings in the near infrared domain,” J.Lightwave Technol. 26, 3699-3703 (2008). [CrossRef]
8. D. K. Gramotev and D. F. P. Pile, “Single-mode sub-wavelengthwaveguide with channel plasmon-polaritons in triangular,”Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 6323-6325 (2004). [CrossRef]
9. E. Verhagen, J. A. Dionne, L. Kuipers, H. A. Atwater, andA. Polman, “Near-field visualization of strongly confinedsurface plasmon polaritons in metal-insulator-metal waveguides,”Nano Lett. 8, 2925-2929 (2008). [CrossRef]
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11. K. Leosson, T. Nikolajsen, A. Boltasseva, and S. I. Bozhevolnyi,“Long-range surface plasmon polariton nanowire waveguidesfor device applications,” Opt. Express 14, 314-319 (2006). [CrossRef]
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13. M. Quinten, A. Leitner, J. R. Krenn, and F. R. Aussenegg,“Electromagnetic energy transport via linear chains of silvernanoparticles,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1331-1333 (1998). [CrossRef]
14. S. A. Maier, P. G. Kik, and H. A. Atwater, “Optical pulsepropagation in metal nanoparticle chain waveguides,” Phys.Rev. B 67, 205402-1-205402-5 (2003). [CrossRef]
15. D. F. P. Pile and D. K. Gramotev, “Channel plasmon-polaritonin a triangular groove on a metal surface,” Opt. Lett. 29,1069-1071 (2004). [CrossRef]
16. S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, and T. W.Ebbesen, “Channel plasmon-polariton guiding by subwavelengthmetal grooves,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 046802-1-046802-4(2005). [CrossRef]
17. Y. Matsuzaki, T. Okamoto, M. Haraguchi, M. Fukui, andM. Nakagaki, “Characteristics of gap plasmon waveguidewithstub structures,” Opt. Express 16, 16314-16325 (2008). [CrossRef]
18. S. S. Xiao, L. Liu, and M. Qiu, “Resonator channel dropfilters in a plasmon-polaritons metal,” Opt. Express 14,2932-2937 (2006). [CrossRef]
19. Q. Zhang, X. G. Huang, X. S. Lin, J. Tao, and X. P. Jin,“A subwavelength coupler-type MIM optical filter,” Opt.Express 17, 7549-7554 (2009). [CrossRef]
20. A. Hosseini and Y. Massoud, “Nanoscale surface plasmonbased resonator using rectangular geometry,” Appl. Phys.Lett. 90, 181102 (2007). [CrossRef]
21. T. B. Wang, X. W. Wen, C. P. Yin, and H. Z. Wang,“The transmission characteristics of surface plasmon polaritonsin ring resonator,” Opt. Express 17, 24096-24101 (2009). [CrossRef]
22. B. Yun, G. Hu, and Y. Cui, “Theoretical analysis of ananoscale plasmonic filter based on a rectangular metal-insulator-metal waveguide,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 43, 385102 (2010). [CrossRef]
23. H. Lu, X. Liu, D. Mao, L. Wang, and Y. Gong, “Tunable band-passplasmonic waveguide filters with nanodisk resonators,”Opt. Express 18, 17922-17927 (2010). [CrossRef]
24. S. A. Maier, Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications(Springer, New York, USA, 2007), Chapter 2.
25. J. A. Dionne, L. A. Sweatlock, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman,“Plasmon slot waveguides: towards chip-scale propagationwith subwavelength-scale localization,” Physical Review B73, 035407-1-035407-9 (2006). [CrossRef]
26. K. Y. Kim, Y. K. Cho, H.-S. Tae, and J.-H. Lee, “Lighttransmission along dispersive plasmonic gap and its subwavelengthguidance characteristics,” Opt. Express 14, 320-330(2006). [CrossRef]
27. A. D. Rakic, A. B. DjuriSic, J. M. Elazar, and M. L.Majewski, “Optical properties of metallic films for verticalcavityoptoelectronic devices,” Appl. Opt. 37, 5271-5283(1968).
28. Asanka Pannipitiya, Ivan D.Rukhlenko, Malin premaratne,Haroldo T.Hattori and Govind P. Agrawal, “Improved transmissionmodel for metal-dielectric-metal plasmmonic waveguideswith stub structures,” Opt. Express 18, 6191-6204 (2010). [CrossRef]
29. I. Wolff and N. Knoppik, “Microstrip ring resonator anddispersion measurement on microstrip lines,” Electron. Lett.7, 779-781 (1971). [CrossRef]

Appl. Opt.

• A. D. Rakic, A. B. DjuriSic, J. M. Elazar, and M. L.Majewski, “Optical properties of metallic films for verticalcavityoptoelectronic devices,” Appl. Opt. 37, 5271-5283(1968).

Appl. Phys. Lett.

• A. Hosseini and Y. Massoud, “Nanoscale surface plasmonbased resonator using rectangular geometry,” Appl. Phys.Lett. 90, 181102 (2007). [CrossRef]
• D. K. Gramotev and D. F. P. Pile, “Single-mode sub-wavelengthwaveguide with channel plasmon-polaritons in triangular,”Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 6323-6325 (2004). [CrossRef]

Electron. Lett.

• I. Wolff and N. Knoppik, “Microstrip ring resonator anddispersion measurement on microstrip lines,” Electron. Lett.7, 779-781 (1971). [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

• Z. Fu, Q. Gan, K. Gao, Z. Pan, and F. J. Bartoli, “Numericalinvestigation of a bidirectional wave coupler based onplasmonic Bragg gratings in the near infrared domain,” J.Lightwave Technol. 26, 3699-3703 (2008). [CrossRef]

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

• B. Yun, G. Hu, and Y. Cui, “Theoretical analysis of ananoscale plasmonic filter based on a rectangular metal-insulator-metal waveguide,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 43, 385102 (2010). [CrossRef]

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

• J. Jung, “Optimal design of dielectric-loaded surface plasmonpolariton waveguide with genetic algorithm,” J. Opt. Soc.Korea 14, 277-281 (2010). [CrossRef]
• K. M. Byun, “Development of nanostructured plasmonicsubstrates for enhanced optical biosensing,” J. Opt. Soc.Korea 14, 65-76 (2010). [CrossRef]
• S. Kim, Y. T. Byun, D.-G. Kim, N. Dagli, and Y. Chung,“Widely tunable coupled-ring reflector laser diode consistingof square ring resonators,” J. Opt. Soc. Korea 14, 38-41(2010). [CrossRef]
• J. Yoon, G. Lee, S. H. Song, C.-H. Oh, and P.-S. Kim,“Photonic band gaps for surface plasmon modes in dielectricgratings on a flat metal surface,” J. Opt. Soc. Korea 6, 76-82 (2002). [CrossRef]

Nano Lett.

• E. Verhagen, J. A. Dionne, L. Kuipers, H. A. Atwater, andA. Polman, “Near-field visualization of strongly confinedsurface plasmon polaritons in metal-insulator-metal waveguides,”Nano Lett. 8, 2925-2929 (2008). [CrossRef]

Nature

• S. A. Maier, P. G. Kik, H. A. Atwater, S. Meltzer, E.Harel, B. E. Koel, and A. G. Requicha, “Local detection ofelectromagnetic energy transport below the diffraction limitin metal nanoparticle plasmon waveguides,” Nature 2, 229-232 (2003). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

• K. Leosson, T. Nikolajsen, A. Boltasseva, and S. I. Bozhevolnyi,“Long-range surface plasmon polariton nanowire waveguidesfor device applications,” Opt. Express 14, 314-319 (2006). [CrossRef]
• Y. Matsuzaki, T. Okamoto, M. Haraguchi, M. Fukui, andM. Nakagaki, “Characteristics of gap plasmon waveguidewithstub structures,” Opt. Express 16, 16314-16325 (2008). [CrossRef]
• S. S. Xiao, L. Liu, and M. Qiu, “Resonator channel dropfilters in a plasmon-polaritons metal,” Opt. Express 14,2932-2937 (2006). [CrossRef]
• Q. Zhang, X. G. Huang, X. S. Lin, J. Tao, and X. P. Jin,“A subwavelength coupler-type MIM optical filter,” Opt.Express 17, 7549-7554 (2009). [CrossRef]
• H. Lu, X. Liu, D. Mao, L. Wang, and Y. Gong, “Tunable band-passplasmonic waveguide filters with nanodisk resonators,”Opt. Express 18, 17922-17927 (2010). [CrossRef]
• T. B. Wang, X. W. Wen, C. P. Yin, and H. Z. Wang,“The transmission characteristics of surface plasmon polaritonsin ring resonator,” Opt. Express 17, 24096-24101 (2009). [CrossRef]
• Asanka Pannipitiya, Ivan D.Rukhlenko, Malin premaratne,Haroldo T.Hattori and Govind P. Agrawal, “Improved transmissionmodel for metal-dielectric-metal plasmmonic waveguideswith stub structures,” Opt. Express 18, 6191-6204 (2010). [CrossRef]
• K. Y. Kim, Y. K. Cho, H.-S. Tae, and J.-H. Lee, “Lighttransmission along dispersive plasmonic gap and its subwavelengthguidance characteristics,” Opt. Express 14, 320-330(2006). [CrossRef]

Opt. Lett.

• D. F. P. Pile and D. K. Gramotev, “Channel plasmon-polaritonin a triangular groove on a metal surface,” Opt. Lett. 29,1069-1071 (2004). [CrossRef]
• M. Quinten, A. Leitner, J. R. Krenn, and F. R. Aussenegg,“Electromagnetic energy transport via linear chains of silvernanoparticles,” Opt. Lett. 23, 1331-1333 (1998). [CrossRef]
• J. Takahara, S. Yamagishi, H. Taki, A. Morimoto, and T.Kobayashi, “Guiding of a one-dimensional optical beamwith nanometer diameter,” Opt. Lett. 22, 475-477 (1997). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. B

• S. A. Maier, P. G. Kik, and H. A. Atwater, “Optical pulsepropagation in metal nanoparticle chain waveguides,” Phys.Rev. B 67, 205402-1-205402-5 (2003). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

• S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, and T. W.Ebbesen, “Channel plasmon-polariton guiding by subwavelengthmetal grooves,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 046802-1-046802-4(2005). [CrossRef]

Physical Review B

• J. A. Dionne, L. A. Sweatlock, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman,“Plasmon slot waveguides: towards chip-scale propagationwith subwavelength-scale localization,” Physical Review B73, 035407-1-035407-9 (2006). [CrossRef]

Science

• E. Ozbay, “Plasmonics: merging photonics and electronicsat nanoscale dimensions,” Science 311, 189-193 (2006). [CrossRef]

Other

• S. I. Bozhevolnyi, “Plasmonic nanoguides and circuits,” inPlasmonics and Metamaterials (Pan Stanford Publishing,Singapore, 2008).
• S. A. Maier, Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications(Springer, New York, USA, 2007), Chapter 2.

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