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High-speed spectral-domain optical coherence tomography at 1.3 µm wavelength

S. H. Yun, G. J. Tearney, B. E. Bouma, B. H. Park, and J. F. de Boer

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We demonstrate a high-speed spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) system capable of acquiring individual axial scans in 24.4 µs at a rate of 19,000 axial scans per second, using an InGaAs line scan camera and broadband light source centered at 1.31 µm. Sensitivity of >105 dB over a 2-mm depth range was obtained with a free-space axial resolution of 12–14 µm, in agreement with our signal-to-noise ratio predictions. Images of human tissue obtained in vivo with SD-OCT show similar penetration depths to those obtained with state-of-the-art time domain OCT despite the ten-fold higher image acquisition speed. These results demonstrate the potential of 1.3 µm SD-OCT for high-speed and high-sensitivity imaging in patients.

©2003 Optical Society of America

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Figures (4)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematic of the experimental setup. PC, polarization controller; GM, galvanometer-mounted mirror; DG, diffraction grating; FL, focusing lens; LSC, InGaAs line scan camera; DAQ, data acquisition board.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Typical point spread function obtained with a partial reflector with -55 dB reflectivity (curve A, black); noise floor measured with the reference light only (curve B, red); camera read out noise (curve C, green). All the curves were obtained by averaging over 500 consecutive measurements to facilitate comparison.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (a) Sensitivity measured as a function of depth (circles, black dotted line); theoretical fit (curve A’, green); theoretical sensitivity for shot-noise-limited SD-OCT (curve B’, red) and TD-OCT (curve C’, blue). (b) Axial resolution measured as the FWHM

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a) Image of a human finger acquired in vivo with the SD-OCT system at 38 fps (256 axial×500 transverse pixels, 2.1×5.0 mm). (b) Image of the same human finger (250 axial×500 transverse pixels, 2.5×5.0 mm) acquired at 4 fps using a state-of-the-art TD-OCT system. The scale bars represent 0.5 mm.

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Equations (2)

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S [ d B ] = 10 × log ( ∑ N s 1 + N el 2 N ref + α ( f Δ ν ) N ref ) ,
R ( z ) = ( sin ζ ζ ) 2 · exp [ − w 2 2 ln 2 ζ 2 ] ,
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