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Observation of pulse delaying and advancement in optical fibers using stimulated Brillouin scattering

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Abstract

We demonstrate experimentally that it is possible to control optically the group velocity of an optical pulse as it travels along an optical fiber. To achieve this control we use the effect of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering. In our experiments we have achieved changes in the group index of 10-3 in several kilometer-length fibers, thus leading to pulse delaying and advancement in the range of tens of nanoseconds. We believe that this is the first evidence of such optically-controlled strong delay changes in optical fibers. In this paper we derive the basic theory behind these group-delay changes and we demonstrate the effect in two kinds of fibers which are conventionally used.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (7)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Relation between the phase constant (n ), the attenuation constant (n ) and the group index (ng ) around the absorption peak centered at ω0.
Fig. 2-(a)
Fig. 2-(a) Group index variation according to frequency deviation from Brillouin frequency. The gain is 20dB when Δν=0
Fig. 2-(b)
Fig. 2-(b) Delay time as a function of Brillouin gain..
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Configuration to measure variable pulse delay from SBS in an optical fiber
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Traces of the probe pulses for different Brillouin gains (standard fiber), showing a clear delay due to the modified group velocity.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Delay time of the pulse as a function of the Brillouin gain. In a gain situation the pulse is delayed while it is accelerated in a loss configuration.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Delay time of the probe pulse as a function of the modulation frequency deviation (Δν) from νB. The pump and the probe powers were fixed.

Equations (6)

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d A p dz = g B 2 A eff A s 2 1 2 j ( Δ v Δ v B ) A p α 2 A p
d A s dz = g B 2 A eff A p 2 1 + 2 j ( Δ v Δ v B ) A s + α 2 A s
Δ β = Im ( g B 2 A eff P p 1 + 2 j ( Δ v Δ v B ) )
v g = ( d β d ω ) 1
n g = n p + ω d n p d ω
Δ t = n g L c
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