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Holographic assembly of quasicrystalline photonic heterostructures

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Abstract

Quasicrystals have a higher degree of rotational and point-reflection symmetry than conventional crystals. As a result, quasicrystalline heterostructures fabricated from dielectric materials with micrometer-scale features exhibit interesting and useful optical properties including large photonic bandgaps in two-dimensional systems. We demonstrate the holographic assembly of two-dimensional and three-dimensional dielectric quasicrystalline heterostructures, including structures with specifically engineered defects. The highly uniform quasiperiodic arrays of optical traps used in this process also provide model aperiodic potential energy landscapes for fundamental studies of transport and phase transitions in soft condensed matter systems.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (3)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Two-dimensional colloidal quasicrystals organized with holographic optical traps. (a) 5-fold. (b) 7-fold. (c) 8-fold. (d) An octagonal quasicrystal with an embedded structured defect. The scale bar in (a) indicates 5 µm.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Four views of a rolling colloidal icosahedron. (a) 5-fold axis. (b) 2-fold axis. (c) 5-fold axis. (d) Midplane. Scale bar indicates 5 µm. The complete assembly and rolling process is shown in the associated movie. [Media 1]
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Holographic assembly of a three-dimensional colloidal quasicrystal. (a) Colloidal particles trapped in a two-dimensional projection of a three-dimensional icosahedral quasicrystalline lattice. (b) Particles displaced into the fully three-dimensional configuration. The shaded region identifies one embedded icosahedron. (c) Reducing the lattice constant creates a compact three-dimensional quasicrystal. (d) Optical diffraction pattern showing ten-fold symmetric peaks. The three-dimensional assembly process is shown in the associated movie. [Media 2]
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