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Dispersion engineered As2S3 planar waveguides for broadband four-wave mixing based wavelength conversion of 40 Gb/s signals

Feng Luan, Mark D. Pelusi, Michael R.E. Lamont, Duk-Yong Choi, Steve Madden, Barry Luther-Davies, and Benjamin J. Eggleton

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Abstract

We demonstrate broadband wavelength conversion of a 40 Gb/s return-to-zero signal using four-wave-mixing (FWM) in a dispersion engineered chalcogenide glass waveguide. The 6 cm long planar rib waveguide 2 μm wide was fabricated in a 0.87 μm thick film etched 350nm deep to correspond to a design where waveguide dispersion offsets the material leading to near-zero dispersion in the C-band and broadband phase matched FWM. The reduced dimensions also enhance the nonlinear coefficient to 9800 W-1km-1 at 1550 nm enabling broadband conversion in a shorter device. In this work, we demonstrate 80 nm wavelength conversions with 1.65 dB of power penalty at a bit-error rate of 10-9. Spectral measurements and simulations indicate extended broadband operation is possible.

©2009 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Comparison of conventional wavelength conversion scheme and the scheme used in this work.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) The schematic plot of the waveguide and (b) the calculated group velocity dispersion of fundamental TM and TE mode (right).

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Experimental setup for wavelength conversion by FWM.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Measured optical spectra after propagation through the As2S3 waveguide for the 40G/s input data pulses centered at (a) 1535 nm and (b) 1560 nm, with the wavelength offset of the CW probe varied. The solid blue line represents the experimental data, while the dashed red lines represent simulations using the SSFM. The inset shows an example spectrum at input.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (a) Output spectrum at the output of the waveguide. (b): BER versus received optical power for back-to-back (B2B) and converted signals. (c): Data eye diagram (65GHz optical bandwidth detector) for 40 Gb/s back-to-back input (B2B) and wavelength converted signals

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Simulated comparison of the wavelength conversion efficiency of the dispersion engineered waveguide (with anomalous dispersion, solid line) to the As2S3 waveguide used in previous FWM experiments [9] (with normal dispersion, dashed line). The pump is centered at a wavelength of 1530 nm and the peak power is scaled (0.35 W and 1.62 W) such that the peak intensities are the same in both cases, although the propagation losses differ.

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