A rigorous unidirectional method for designing finite aperture diffractive optical elements

doi:10.1364/OE.7.000237

Optics Express

Editor: J. H. Eberly
Vol. 7, Iss. 6 — Sep. 11, 2000
pp: 237–242

A rigorous unidirectional method for designing finite aperture diffractive optical elements

Jianhua Jiang and Gregory Nordin »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 7, Issue 6, pp. 237-242 (2000)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.7.000237

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Abstract

We have developed a rigorous unidirectional method for designing finite-aperture diffractive optical elements (DOE’s) that employs a micro-genetic algorithm (µGA) for global optimization in conjunction with a 2-D Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method for rigorous electromagnetic computation. The theory and implementation of this µGA-FDTD design method for normally incident TE illumination are briefly discussed. Design examples are presented, including a micro-lens, a 1-to-2 beam-fanner and a 1-to-3 beam-fanner.

[Optical Society of America ]

OCIS Codes
(000.4430) General : Numerical approximation and analysis
(050.1220) Diffraction and gratings : Apertures
(050.1970) Diffraction and gratings : Diffractive optics
(230.3990) Optical devices : Micro-optical devices

ToC Category:
Research Papers

History
Original Manuscript: July 20, 2000
Published: September 11, 2000

Citation
Jianhua Jiang and Gregory Nordin, "A rigorous unidirectional method for designing finite aperture diffractive optical elements," Opt. Express 7, 237-242 (2000)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-7-6-237

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References

G.Nordin, J. Meier, P. Deguzman and M. Jones, "Micropolazier array for infrared imaging polarimetry," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 16, 1168-1174 (1999). [CrossRef]
G. P. Nordin, J. T. Meier, P. C. Deguzman, and M. W. Jones, "Diffractive Optical Element for Stokes Vector Measurement With a Focal Plane Array," in Polarization: Measurement, Analysis, and Remote Sensing II, Dennis H. Goldstein, David B. Chenault, Editors, Proceedings of SPIE, 3754, 169-177, (1999).
D. W. Prather, "Design and application of subwavelength diffractive lenses for integration with infrared photodectors," Opt. Eng., 38, 870-878 (1999). [CrossRef]
D. A. Pommet,M. G. Moharam, and E. Gram, "Limits of scalar diffarction theory for diffractive phase elements," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 11, 1827-1834 (1995). [CrossRef]
W. Prather, J. N. Mait, M. S. Mirotznik and J. P. Collins, "Vector-based synthesis of finite aperiodic subwavelength diffractive optical elements," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 15, 1599-1607 (1998). [CrossRef]
D. W. Prather, M. S. Mirotznik and J. N. Mait, "Boundary integral methods applied to the analysis of diffractive optical elements," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 14, 34-43 (1997). [CrossRef]
A. Taflove, Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method, (Artech House, Boston, Mass.,1995).
K. Krishnakumar, "Micro-genetic algorithm for stationary and non-stationary function optimization," SPIE 1196, 289-296 (1989).
J. N. Mait., "Understanding diffractive optic design in the scalar domain," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 12, 2145-2158 (1995). [CrossRef]
D. W. Prather, S. Shi, J. S. Bergey, "Field stitching algorithm for the analysis of electrically large diffractive optical elements," Opt. Lett. 24, 273-275 (1999). [CrossRef]
J. P. Berenger, "A perfectly matched layer for the absorption of electromagnetic waves," J. Comput. Phys. 114, 185-200 (1994). [CrossRef]
D. W. Prather and S. Shi, "Formulation and application of the finite-difference time-domain method for the analysis of axially symmetric diffractive optical elements," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 16, 1131-1142 (1999). [CrossRef]
G. S. Smith, An Introduction to Classical Electromagnetic Radiation, (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1997).
E. G. Johnson and M. A. G. Abushagur, Microgenetic-algorithm optimization methods applied to dielectric gratings," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 12, 1152-1160 (1995). [CrossRef]
D. E. Goldberg, Genetic Algorithm in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning, (Addision-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1989).

Other

G.Nordin, J. Meier, P. Deguzman and M. Jones, "Micropolazier array for infrared imaging polarimetry," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 16, 1168-1174 (1999). [CrossRef]
G. P. Nordin, J. T. Meier, P. C. Deguzman, and M. W. Jones, "Diffractive Optical Element for Stokes Vector Measurement With a Focal Plane Array," in Polarization: Measurement, Analysis, and Remote Sensing II, Dennis H. Goldstein, David B. Chenault, Editors, Proceedings of SPIE, 3754, 169-177, (1999).
D. W. Prather, "Design and application of subwavelength diffractive lenses for integration with infrared photodectors," Opt. Eng., 38, 870-878 (1999). [CrossRef]
D. A. Pommet,M. G. Moharam, and E. Gram, "Limits of scalar diffarction theory for diffractive phase elements," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 11, 1827-1834 (1995). [CrossRef]
W. Prather, J. N. Mait, M. S. Mirotznik and J. P. Collins, "Vector-based synthesis of finite aperiodic subwavelength diffractive optical elements," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 15, 1599-1607 (1998). [CrossRef]
D. W. Prather, M. S. Mirotznik and J. N. Mait, "Boundary integral methods applied to the analysis of diffractive optical elements," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 14, 34-43 (1997). [CrossRef]
A. Taflove, Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method, (Artech House, Boston, Mass.,1995).
K. Krishnakumar, "Micro-genetic algorithm for stationary and non-stationary function optimization," SPIE 1196, 289-296 (1989).
J. N. Mait., "Understanding diffractive optic design in the scalar domain," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 12, 2145-2158 (1995). [CrossRef]
D. W. Prather, S. Shi, J. S. Bergey, "Field stitching algorithm for the analysis of electrically large diffractive optical elements," Opt. Lett. 24, 273-275 (1999). [CrossRef]
J. P. Berenger, "A perfectly matched layer for the absorption of electromagnetic waves," J. Comput. Phys. 114, 185-200 (1994). [CrossRef]
D. W. Prather and S. Shi, "Formulation and application of the finite-difference time-domain method for the analysis of axially symmetric diffractive optical elements," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 16, 1131-1142 (1999). [CrossRef]
G. S. Smith, An Introduction to Classical Electromagnetic Radiation, (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1997).
E. G. Johnson and M. A. G. Abushagur, Microgenetic-algorithm optimization methods applied to dielectric gratings," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 12, 1152-1160 (1995). [CrossRef]
D. E. Goldberg, Genetic Algorithm in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning, (Addision-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1989).

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