Tunable negative refraction photonic crystals achieved by liquid crystals

doi:10.1364/OE.14.010580

Tunable negative refraction photonic crystals achieved by liquid crystals

Yao-Yu Wang and Lien-Wen Chen »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 14, Issue 22, pp. 10580-10587 (2006)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.14.010580

View Full Text Article

Enhanced HTML Acrobat PDF (324 KB)

Journal Search
Article Lookup

Article Tools

Citations

Alert me when this article is cited
Export Citation/Save

Abstract
Article Info
References (22)
Cited By
Figures (6)
Metrics
Related Content

Abstract

The photonic crystal with a square lattice of Si cylinders surrounded by nematic liquid crystals is investigated. The directors of the liquid crystal are parallel to the two dimensional PC plane. The transversed electric (TE) modes are studied. The plane wave expansion method is used to calculate the equi-frequency surface (EFS). The negative refraction phenomenon is found and the refractive angle can be tuned by changing the directors of the nematic liquid crystals.

OCIS Codes
(260.2110) Physical optics : Electromagnetic optics

ToC Category:
Metamaterials

History
Original Manuscript: July 7, 2006
Revised Manuscript: August 22, 2006
Manuscript Accepted: September 27, 2006
Published: October 30, 2006

Citation
Yao-Yu Wang and Lien-Wen Chen, "Tunable negative refraction photonic crystals achieved by liquid crystals," Opt. Express 14, 10580-10587 (2006)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-14-22-10580

Sort: Author | Year | Journal | Reset

References

V. G. Veselago, "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ? and ?," Sov. Phys. Usp. 10, 509-514 (1968). [CrossRef]
R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith and S. Schultz, "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction," Science 292, 77-79 (2001) [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Notomi, "Theory of light propagation in strongly modulated photonic crystals: Refractionlike behavior in the vicinity of the photonic band gap," Phys. Rev. B 62, 10696-10705 (2000). [CrossRef]
S. Foteinopoulou, E. N. Economou and C. M. Soukoulis, "Refraction in media with a negative refractive index," Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 107402(4) (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Foteinopoulou and C. M. Soukoulis, "Negative refraction and left-handed behavior in two-dimensional photonic crystals," Phys. Rev. B 67, 235107(5) (2003). [CrossRef]
Chiyan Luo, Steven G. Johnson, and J. D. Joannopoulos, "All-angle negative refraction without negative effective index," Phys. Rev. B 65, 201104(4) (2002). [CrossRef]
R. Gaji?, R. Meisels, F. Kuchar, and K. Hingerl, "Refraction and rightness in photonic crystals" Opt. Express 13, 8596-8605 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Z. Lu, S. Shi, ChristopherA. Schuetz, and Dennis W. Prather, "Experimental demonstration of negative refraction imaging in both amplitude and phase," Opt. Express 13, 2007-2012 (2005) [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Perrin, S. Fasquel, T. Decoopman, X. Mélique, O. Vanbésien, E Lheurette and D. Lippens, "Left-handed electromagnetism obtained via nanostructured metamaterials: comparison with that from microstructured photonic crystals," J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 7,S3-S11 (2005) [CrossRef]
P. V. Parimi, W. T. Lu, P. Vodo, J. Sokoloff, J. S. Derov and S. Sridhar, "Negative refraction and left-handed electromagnetism in microwave photonic crystals," Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 127401(4) (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J.B. Pendry, "Negative Refraction Makes Perfect Lens," Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3966-3969 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H. T. Chien, H. T. Tang, C. H. Kuo, C. C. Chen and Z. Ye, "Direct diffraction without negative refraction," Phys. Rev. B 70, 113101(4) (2004). [CrossRef]
R. Moussa, S. Foteinopoulou, Lei Zhang, G. Tuttle, K. Guven, E. Ozbay and C. M. Soukoulis, "Negative refraction and superlens behavior in a two-dimensional Photonic Crystal," Phys. Rev. B 71, 085106(5) (2005). [CrossRef]
D. Scrymgeour, N. Malkova, S. Kim, and V. Gopalan, "Electro-Optic control of the superprism effect in photonic crystals," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3176-3178 (2003). [CrossRef]
S. Xiong and H. Fukshima, "Analysis of light propagation in index-tunable photonic crystals" J. Appl. Phys. 94, 1286-1288 (2003) [CrossRef]
K. Busch and S. John, "Liquid-Crystal Photonic-Band-Gap Materials: The Tunable Electromagnetic Vacuum," Phys. Rev. Lett 83, 967-970 (1999). [CrossRef]
S. W. Leonard, J. P. Mondia, H. M. van Driel, O. Toader, and S. John, "Tunable two-dimensional photonic crystals using liquid-crystal infiltration," Phys. Rev. B 61, R2389-R2392 (2000). [CrossRef]
H. Takeda and K. Yoshino, "Tunable refraction effects in two-dimensional photonic crystals utilizing liquid crystals," Phys. Rev. E 67, 056607(5) (2003). [CrossRef]
C. Y. Liu and L. W. Chen, "Tunable band gap in a photonic crystal modulated by a nematic liquid crystal," Phys. Rev. B 72, 045133(5) (2005). [CrossRef]
W. Park and J. B. Lee, "Mechanically tunable photonic crystal structure," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 4845-4847 (2004). [CrossRef]
K. M. Ho, C. T. Chen, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Existence of a Photonic Gap in Periodic Dielectric Structures," Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 3152-3155 (1990) [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Felbacq and R. Smaâli, "Bloch Modes Dressed by Evanescent Waves and the Generalized Goos-Hänchen Effect in Photonic Crystals,"Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 193902(4) (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Busch, K.
Chen, C. C.
Chen, C. T.
Chen, L. W.
Chien, H. T.
Christopher, S.
Decoopman, T.
Derov, J. S.
Economou, E. N.
Fasquel, S.
Felbacq, D.
Foteinopoulou, S.
Fukshima, H.
Gajic, R.
Gopalan, V.
Hingerl, K.
Ho, K. M.
Joannopoulos, J. D.
John, S.
Johnson, Steven G.
Kim, S.
Kuchar, F.
Kuo, C. H.
Lee, J. B.
Lei Zhang, S.
Leonard, S. W.
Lheurette, E
Lippens, D.
Liu, C. Y.
Lu, W. T.
Lu, Z.
Luo, Chiyan
Malkova, N.
Meisels, R.
Mélique, X.
Mondia, J. P.
Moussa, R.
Notomi, M.
Parimi, P. V.
Park, W.
Pendry, J.B.
Perrin, M.
Schultz, S.
Scrymgeour, D.
Shelby, R. A.
Shi, S.
Smaâli, R.
Smith, D. R.
Sokoloff, J.
Soukoulis, C. M.
Sridhar, S.
Takeda, H.
Tang, H. T.
Toader, O.
van Driel, H. M.
Vanbésien, O.
Veselago, V. G.
Vodo, P.
Xiong, S.
Ye, Z.
Yoshino, K.

Appl. Phys. Lett.

D. Scrymgeour, N. Malkova, S. Kim, and V. Gopalan, "Electro-Optic control of the superprism effect in photonic crystals," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3176-3178 (2003). [CrossRef]
W. Park and J. B. Lee, "Mechanically tunable photonic crystal structure," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 4845-4847 (2004). [CrossRef]

J. Appl. Phys.

S. Xiong and H. Fukshima, "Analysis of light propagation in index-tunable photonic crystals" J. Appl. Phys. 94, 1286-1288 (2003) [CrossRef]

J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt.

M. Perrin, S. Fasquel, T. Decoopman, X. Mélique, O. Vanbésien, E Lheurette and D. Lippens, "Left-handed electromagnetism obtained via nanostructured metamaterials: comparison with that from microstructured photonic crystals," J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 7,S3-S11 (2005) [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

Phys. Rev. B

S. Foteinopoulou and C. M. Soukoulis, "Negative refraction and left-handed behavior in two-dimensional photonic crystals," Phys. Rev. B 67, 235107(5) (2003). [CrossRef]
Chiyan Luo, Steven G. Johnson, and J. D. Joannopoulos, "All-angle negative refraction without negative effective index," Phys. Rev. B 65, 201104(4) (2002). [CrossRef]
M. Notomi, "Theory of light propagation in strongly modulated photonic crystals: Refractionlike behavior in the vicinity of the photonic band gap," Phys. Rev. B 62, 10696-10705 (2000). [CrossRef]
H. T. Chien, H. T. Tang, C. H. Kuo, C. C. Chen and Z. Ye, "Direct diffraction without negative refraction," Phys. Rev. B 70, 113101(4) (2004). [CrossRef]
R. Moussa, S. Foteinopoulou, Lei Zhang, G. Tuttle, K. Guven, E. Ozbay and C. M. Soukoulis, "Negative refraction and superlens behavior in a two-dimensional Photonic Crystal," Phys. Rev. B 71, 085106(5) (2005). [CrossRef]
S. W. Leonard, J. P. Mondia, H. M. van Driel, O. Toader, and S. John, "Tunable two-dimensional photonic crystals using liquid-crystal infiltration," Phys. Rev. B 61, R2389-R2392 (2000). [CrossRef]
C. Y. Liu and L. W. Chen, "Tunable band gap in a photonic crystal modulated by a nematic liquid crystal," Phys. Rev. B 72, 045133(5) (2005). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. E

H. Takeda and K. Yoshino, "Tunable refraction effects in two-dimensional photonic crystals utilizing liquid crystals," Phys. Rev. E 67, 056607(5) (2003). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett

K. Busch and S. John, "Liquid-Crystal Photonic-Band-Gap Materials: The Tunable Electromagnetic Vacuum," Phys. Rev. Lett 83, 967-970 (1999). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

P. V. Parimi, W. T. Lu, P. Vodo, J. Sokoloff, J. S. Derov and S. Sridhar, "Negative refraction and left-handed electromagnetism in microwave photonic crystals," Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 127401(4) (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J.B. Pendry, "Negative Refraction Makes Perfect Lens," Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3966-3969 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Foteinopoulou, E. N. Economou and C. M. Soukoulis, "Refraction in media with a negative refractive index," Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 107402(4) (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. M. Ho, C. T. Chen, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Existence of a Photonic Gap in Periodic Dielectric Structures," Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 3152-3155 (1990) [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Felbacq and R. Smaâli, "Bloch Modes Dressed by Evanescent Waves and the Generalized Goos-Hänchen Effect in Photonic Crystals,"Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 193902(4) (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Science

R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith and S. Schultz, "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction," Science 292, 77-79 (2001) [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Sov. Phys. Usp.

V. G. Veselago, "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ? and ?," Sov. Phys. Usp. 10, 509-514 (1968). [CrossRef]

Cited By

Alert me when this paper is cited

OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. CrossRef includes content from more than 3000 publishers and societies. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.

Click here to see a list of articles that cite this paper