A novel all-optical transversal filter with negative coefficients and tap doubling is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Based on polarization modulation using the anisotropy of the electro-optic coefficient of LiNbO₃ crystals, negative and positive coefficients are simultaneously generated. Tap doubling is also achieved by using wavelength- and polarization-dependent time delays in fiber. Due to the orthogonal polarity between the two coefficients of each wavelength, the proposed filter is free from coherent interference and the synthesis of filter taps is performed in the optical domain. The experimental results demonstrated that stable 6-tap bandpass filter characteristics can be obtained by using only three optical sources.

© 2007 Optical Society of America

1. J. Capmany, B. Ortega, and D. Pastor, "A tutorial on microwave photonic filters," J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 201-229 (2006). [CrossRef]
2. B. Moslehi, J. W. Goodman, M. Tur, and H. J. Shaw, "Fiber-optic lattice signal processing," Proc. IEEE 72, 909-930 (1984). [CrossRef]
3. J. Capmany, D. Pastor, and B. Ortega, "New and flexible fiber-optic delay-line filters using chirped Bragg gratings and laser arrays," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47, 1321-1326 (1999). [CrossRef]
4. B. Vidal, V. Polo, J. L. Corral, and J. Marti, "Photonic microwave filter with tuning and reconfiguration capabilities using optical switches and dispersive media," Electron. Lett. 39, 547-549 (2003). [CrossRef]
5. A. P. Foord, P. A. Davies, and P. A. Greenhalgh, "Synthesis of microwave and millimetre-wave filters using optical spectrum-slicing," Electron. Lett. 32, 390-391 (1996). [CrossRef]
6. J. Mora, B. Ortega, J. Capmany, J. L. Cruz, M. V. Andres, D. Pastor, and S. Sales, "Automatic tunable and reconfigurable fiber-optic microwave filters based on a broadband optical source sliced by uniform fiber Bragg gratings," Opt. Express 10, 1291-1298 (2002). [PubMed]
7. B. Vidal, V. Polo, J. L. Corral, and J. Marti, "Efficient architecture for WDM photonic microwave filters," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 257-259 (2004). [CrossRef]
8. S. Sales, J. Capmany, J. Marti, and D. Pastor, "Experimental demonstration of fiber-optic delay line filters with negative coefficients," Electron. Lett. 31, 1095-1096 (1995). [CrossRef]
9. E. Hu, Y. Hsueh, K. Wong, M. Marhic, L. Kazovsky, K. Shimizu, and N. Kikuchi, "4-Level direct-detection polarization shift-keying (DDPolSK) system with phase modulators," in Proc. OFC 2003, Atlanta, GA, 647-649 (2003).
10. S. S. Pun, C. K. Chan, and L. K. Chen, "A novel optical frequency-shift-keying transmitter based on polarization modulation," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17, 1528-1530 (2005). [CrossRef]
11. C. K. Oh, T. -Y. Kim, S. H. Baek, and C. -S. Park, "Photonic microwave notch filter using cross polarization modulation in highly nonlinear fiber and polarization-dependent optical delay in high birefringence fiber," Opt. Express 14, 6628-6633 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
12. D. Norton, S. Johns, C. Keefer, and R. Soref, "Tunable microwave filter using high dispersion fiber time delays," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 6, 831-832 (1994). [CrossRef]
13. G. H. Smith, D. Novak, and Z. Ahmed, "Technique for optical SSB generation to overcome dispersion penalties in fiber-radio systems," Electron. Lett. 33, 74-75 (1997). [CrossRef]
14. J. Dhliwayo, A. Zhang, and R. Nathoo, "Measurement of low differential group delay and fiber birefringence," Opt. Eng. 42, 1896-1900 (2003). [CrossRef]

Electron. Lett.

• B. Vidal, V. Polo, J. L. Corral, and J. Marti, "Photonic microwave filter with tuning and reconfiguration capabilities using optical switches and dispersive media," Electron. Lett. 39, 547-549 (2003). [CrossRef]
• A. P. Foord, P. A. Davies, and P. A. Greenhalgh, "Synthesis of microwave and millimetre-wave filters using optical spectrum-slicing," Electron. Lett. 32, 390-391 (1996). [CrossRef]
• S. Sales, J. Capmany, J. Marti, and D. Pastor, "Experimental demonstration of fiber-optic delay line filters with negative coefficients," Electron. Lett. 31, 1095-1096 (1995). [CrossRef]
• G. H. Smith, D. Novak, and Z. Ahmed, "Technique for optical SSB generation to overcome dispersion penalties in fiber-radio systems," Electron. Lett. 33, 74-75 (1997). [CrossRef]

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

• S. S. Pun, C. K. Chan, and L. K. Chen, "A novel optical frequency-shift-keying transmitter based on polarization modulation," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17, 1528-1530 (2005). [CrossRef]
• D. Norton, S. Johns, C. Keefer, and R. Soref, "Tunable microwave filter using high dispersion fiber time delays," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 6, 831-832 (1994). [CrossRef]
• B. Vidal, V. Polo, J. L. Corral, and J. Marti, "Efficient architecture for WDM photonic microwave filters," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 257-259 (2004). [CrossRef]

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech.

• J. Capmany, D. Pastor, and B. Ortega, "New and flexible fiber-optic delay-line filters using chirped Bragg gratings and laser arrays," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47, 1321-1326 (1999). [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

• J. Capmany, B. Ortega, and D. Pastor, "A tutorial on microwave photonic filters," J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 201-229 (2006). [CrossRef]

Opt. Eng.

• J. Dhliwayo, A. Zhang, and R. Nathoo, "Measurement of low differential group delay and fiber birefringence," Opt. Eng. 42, 1896-1900 (2003). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

• C. K. Oh, T. -Y. Kim, S. H. Baek, and C. -S. Park, "Photonic microwave notch filter using cross polarization modulation in highly nonlinear fiber and polarization-dependent optical delay in high birefringence fiber," Opt. Express 14, 6628-6633 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• J. Mora, B. Ortega, J. Capmany, J. L. Cruz, M. V. Andres, D. Pastor, and S. Sales, "Automatic tunable and reconfigurable fiber-optic microwave filters based on a broadband optical source sliced by uniform fiber Bragg gratings," Opt. Express 10, 1291-1298 (2002). [PubMed]

Proc. IEEE

• B. Moslehi, J. W. Goodman, M. Tur, and H. J. Shaw, "Fiber-optic lattice signal processing," Proc. IEEE 72, 909-930 (1984). [CrossRef]

Other

• E. Hu, Y. Hsueh, K. Wong, M. Marhic, L. Kazovsky, K. Shimizu, and N. Kikuchi, "4-Level direct-detection polarization shift-keying (DDPolSK) system with phase modulators," in Proc. OFC 2003, Atlanta, GA, 647-649 (2003).

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