The quantum-limited comb lineshape of a mode-locked laser: Fundamental limits on frequency uncertainty
Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 23, pp. 18624-18630 doi:10.1364/OE.16.018624
» View Full Text: Acrobat PDF (177 KB)
- OCIS Codes:
- (140.4050) Lasers and laser optics : Mode-locked lasers
- (270.2500) Quantum optics : Fluctuations, relaxations, and noise
Lasers and Laser Optics
Citation
J. K. Wahlstrand, J. T. Willits, C. R. Menyuk, and S. T. Cundiff, "The quantum-limited comb lineshape of
a mode-locked laser: Fundamental limits
on frequency uncertainty," Opt. Express 16, 18624-18630 (2008)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-23-18624
Abstract
We calculate the quantum-limited shape of the comb lines from a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser using experimentally-derived parameters for the linear response of the laser to perturbations. The free-running width of the comb lines is found across the laser spectrum. By modeling the effect of a simple feedback loop, we calculate the spectrum of the residual phase noise in terms of the quantum noise and the feedback parameters. Finally, we calculate the frequency uncertainty in an optical frequency measurement if the limiting factor is quantum noise in the detection of the optical heterodyne beat.
© 2008 Optical Society of America
» View Full Text: Acrobat PDF (177 KB)
History
Original Manuscript: July 22, 2008
Manuscript Accepted: October 24, 2008
Revised Manuscript: October 23, 2008
Published: October 28, 2008
References
- R. Loudon, Quantum Theory of Light (Clarendon, Oxford, UK, 2000).
- A. L. Schawlow and C. H. Townes, "Infrared and Optical Masers," Phys. Rev. 112, 1940-1949 (1958). [CrossRef]
- H. Haus and A. Mecozzi, "Noise of mode-locked lasers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29, 983-996 (1993). [CrossRef]
- S. T. Cundiff and J. Ye, "Colloquium: Femtosecond optical frequency combs," Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 325-342 (2003). [CrossRef]
- F. X. ¨artner, U. Morgner, T. Schibli, R. Ell, H. A. Haus, J. G. Fujimoto, and E. P. Ippen, "Few-Cycle Pulses Directly from the Laser," in Few-cycle Laser Pulse Generation and its Applications, F. X. Kartner, ed., Topics in Applied Physics, (Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2004) Vol. 95.
- R. Paschotta, "Noise of mode-locked lasers (Part I): numerical model," Appl. Phys. B 79, 153-162 (2004).
- R. Paschotta, "Noise of mode-locked lasers (Part II): timing jitter and other fluctuations," Appl. Phys. B 79, 163-173 (2004).
- N. Newbury and B. Washburn, "Theory of the frequency comb output from a femtosecond fiber laser," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 41, 1388-1402 (2005). [CrossRef]
- R. Paschotta, A. Schlatter, S. C. Zeller, H. R. Telle, and U. Keller, "Optical phase noise and carrier-envelope offset noise of mode-locked lasers," Appl. Phys. B 82, 265-273 (2006). [CrossRef]
- L. Matos, O. D. Mucke, J. Chen, and F. X. Kartner, "Carrier-envelope phase dynamics and noise analysis in octave-spanning Ti:sapphire lasers," Opt. Express 14, 2497-2511 (2006). [CrossRef]
- M. J. Ablowitz, B. Ilan, and S. T. Cundiff, "Noise-induced linewidth in frequency combs," Opt. Lett. 31, 1875-1877 (2006). [CrossRef]
- N. R. Newbury and W. C. Swann, "Low-noise fiber-laser frequency combs," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 24, 1756-1770 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. R. Menyuk, J. K. Wahlstrand, J. Willits, R. P. Smith, T. R. Schibli, and S. T. Cundiff, "Pulse dynamics in mode-locked lasers: relaxation oscillations and frequency pulling," Opt. Express 15, 6677-6689 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J. K. Wahlstrand, J. T. Willits, T. R. Schibli, C. R. Menyuk, and S. T. Cundiff, "Quantitative measurement of timing and phase dynamics in a mode-locked laser," Opt. Lett. 32, 3426-3428 (2007). [CrossRef]
- NIST technical note 1337: Characterization of clocks and oscillators, D. B. Sullivan, D. W. Allan, D. A. Howe, and F. L. Walls, eds. (U.S. Government printing office, Washington, 1990).
- P. Wai and C. Menyuk, "Polarization mode dispersion, decorrelation, and diffusion in optical fibers with randomly varying birefringence," J. Lightwave Technology 14, 148-157 (1996). See the Appendix. [CrossRef]
- M. J. Ablowitz, B. Ilan, and S. T. Cundiff, "Carrier-envelope phase slip of ultrashort dispersion-managed solitons," Opt. Lett. 29, 1808-1810 (2004). [CrossRef]
- D. Kleppner, "Physics - a milestone in time-keeping," Science 319, 1768-1769 (2008). [CrossRef]
- E. Rubiola, "On the measurement of frequency and of its sample variance with high-resolution counters," Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76, 054703 (2005). [CrossRef]
- S. T. Dawkins, J. J. McFerran, and A. N. Luiten, "Considerations on the measurement of the stability of oscillators with frequency counters," IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelectr., Freq. Control 54, 918-925 (2007). [CrossRef]
- L.-S. Ma, Z. Bi, A. Bartels, L. Robertsson, M. Zucco, R. S. Windeler, G. Wilpers, C. Oates, L. Hollberg, and S. A. Diddams, "Optical Frequency Synthesis and Comparison with Uncertainty at the 10−19 Level," Science 303, 1843-1845 (2004). [CrossRef]
Author Affiliations
JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and University of Colorado-Boulder
University of Maryland Baltimore County
Cited By
OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.
- Jan 14 2010 : OSA wins SPARC Innovator award for Optics Express. Read the press release.
- Jan 14 2010 : The Journal of the Optical Society of Korea is now available in the Optics InfoBase!
- Jan 08 2010 : Optics InfoBase now supports export to Mendeley. Learn more about Mendeley for online citation management and sharing.
- Journal of the Optical Society of Korea Added to OSA’s Optics InfoBase
Feb 1, 2010 - The Optical Society (OSA) is pleased to announce that Optics... more - OSA to Launch New Journal: Biomedical Optics Express
Jan 20, 2010 - The Optical Society (OSA) today announced it is launching a new... more - Invisibility Visualized
Nov 12, 2009 - Scientists and curiosity seekers who want to know what a partially or... more




OSA is a member of 

