Pyroliton: pyroelectric spatial soliton

doi:10.1364/OE.17.022209

Pyroliton: pyroelectric spatial soliton

Jassem Safioui, Fabrice Devaux, and Mathieu Chauvet »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 17, Issue 24, pp. 22209-22216 (2009)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.022209

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Abstract

The concept of optical beam self-trapping in pyroelectric photorefractive medium is presented. We show that the temperature controlled spontaneous polarisation of ferroelectric crystals produces an optical nonlinearity that can lead to formation of 2-D spatial soliton named pyroliton. Experimental demonstrations performed in lithium niobate crystals illustrate that efficient self-trapping occurs either for ordinary or extraordinary polarisation under moderate temperature increase. For instance, a 15µm diameter pyroliton can be formed with a 10 degree temperature raise.

OCIS Codes
(190.5330) Nonlinear optics : Photorefractive optics
(190.6135) Nonlinear optics : Spatial solitons

ToC Category:
Nonlinear Optics

History
Original Manuscript: September 17, 2009
Revised Manuscript: October 15, 2009
Manuscript Accepted: October 26, 2009
Published: November 19, 2009

Citation
Jassem Safioui, Fabrice Devaux, and Mathieu Chauvet, "Pyroliton: pyroelectric spatial soliton," Opt. Express 17, 22209-22216 (2009)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-17-24-22209

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References

R. Y. Chiao, E. Garmire, and C. H. Townes, “Self-Trapping of Optical Beams,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 13(15), 479–482 (1964). [CrossRef]
A. Barthélémy, S. Maneuf, and C. Froehly, “Propagation soliton et auto-confinement de faisceaux laser par non linearité optique de Kerr,” Opt. Commun. 55(3), 201–206 (1985). [CrossRef]
K. Hayata and M. Koshiba, “Multidimensional solitons in quadratic nonlinear media,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(20), 3275–3278 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Peccianti, A. De Rossi, G. Assanto, A. De Luca, C. Umeton, and I. C. Khoo, “Electrically assisted self-confinement and waveguiding in planar nematic liquid crystal cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 77(1), 7–9 (2000). [CrossRef]
G. C. Duree, J. L. Shultz, G. J. Salamo, M. Segev, A. Yariv, B. Crosignani, E. J. Sharp, R. R. Neurgaonkar, and P. Di Porto, “Observation of self-trapping of an optical beam due to the photorefractive effect,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(4), 533–536 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. D. Boardman, and A. P. Sukhorukov, Soliton Driven Photonics (Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht, 2001).
S. Trillo, and W. E. Torruellas, Spatial Solitons (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2001).
M. Segev, G. C. Valley, B. Crosignani, P. Di porto, and A. Yariv, “Steady-State Spatial Screening Solitons in Photorefractive Materials with External Applied Field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73(24), 3211–3214 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Morin, G. C. Duree, G. J. Salamo, and M. Segev, “Waveguides formed by quasi-steady-state photorefractive spatial solitons,” Opt. Lett. 20(20), 2066–2068 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Neshev, E. Ostrovskaya, Y. Kivshar, and W. Krolikowski, “Spatial solitons in optically induced gratings,” Opt. Lett. 28(9), 710–712 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
W. KrólikowskiM. Saffman, B. Luther-Davies, and C. Denz, “Anomalous Interaction of Spatial Solitons in Photorefractive Media,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(15), 3240–3243 (1998). [CrossRef]
E. Fazio, F. Renzi, R. Rinaldi, M. Bertolotti, M. Chauvet, W. Ramadan, A. Petris, and V. I. Vlad, “Screening-photovoltaic bright solitons in lithium niobate and associated single mode waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 85(12), 2193–2195 (2004). [CrossRef]
M. Taya, M. C. Bashaw, M. M. Fejer, M. Segev, and G. C. Valley, “Observation of dark photovoltaic spatial solitons,” Phys. Rev. A 52(4), 3095–3100 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
W. L. She, K. K. Lee, and W. K. Lee, “Observation of Two-Dimensional Bright Photovoltaic Spatial Solitons,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(16), 3182–3185 (1999). [CrossRef]
C. Anastassiou, M. F. Shih, M. Mitchell, Z. Chen, and M. Segev, “Optically induced photovoltaic self-defocusing-to-self-focusing transition,” Opt. Lett. 23(12), 924–926 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. D. Brownridge, “Pyroelectric x-ray generator,” Nature 358(6384), 277–278 (1992). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Geuther, Y. Danon, and F. Saglime, “Nuclear Reactions Induced by a Pyroelectric Accelerator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(5), 054803–054806 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. M. Kostritskii, O. G. Sevostyanov, M. Aillerie, and P. Bourson, “Suppression of photorefractive damage with aid of steady-state temperature gradient in nominally pure LiNbO3 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 104(11), 114104–114114 (2008). [CrossRef]
P. Günter, and J. P. Huignard, Photorefractive materials and their applications 2 (Springer, Berlin, 2007).
F. Devaux, V. Coda, M. Chauvet, and R. Passier, “New time-dependent photorefractive three-dimensional model: application to self-trapped beam with large bending,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(6), 1081–1086 (2008). [CrossRef]
T. Bartholomaüs, K. Buse, C. Deuper, and E. Krätzig, “Pyroelectric Coefficients of LiNbO3 Crystals of Different Compositions,” Phys. Status Solidi 142(1), K55–K57 (1994) (a). [CrossRef]
A. Savage, “Visual system-response functions and estimating reflectance,” J. Appl. Phys. 37, 3071 (1966). [CrossRef]
M. Simon, S. Wevering, K. Buse, and E. Krätzig, “The bulk photovoltaic effect of photorefractive LiNbO3:Fe crystals at high light intensities,” J. Phys. D 30(1), 144–149 (1997). [CrossRef]
J. Safioui, M. Chauvet, F. Devaux, V. Coda, F. Pettazzi, M. Alonzo, and E. Fazio, “Polarization and configuration dependence of beam self-focusing in photorefractive liNbO3,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 26(3), 487–492 (2009). [CrossRef]
A. A. Zozulya and D. Z. Anderson, “Propagation of an optical beam in a photorefractive medium in the presence of a photogalvanic nonlinearity or an externally applied electric field,” Phys. Rev. A 51(2), 1520–1531 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. Montemezzani, C. Medrano, and P. Günter, “Charge carrier photoexcitation and two-wave mixing in dichroic materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 79(18), 3403–3406 (1997). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

M. Peccianti, A. De Rossi, G. Assanto, A. De Luca, C. Umeton, and I. C. Khoo, “Electrically assisted self-confinement and waveguiding in planar nematic liquid crystal cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 77(1), 7–9 (2000). [CrossRef]
E. Fazio, F. Renzi, R. Rinaldi, M. Bertolotti, M. Chauvet, W. Ramadan, A. Petris, and V. I. Vlad, “Screening-photovoltaic bright solitons in lithium niobate and associated single mode waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 85(12), 2193–2195 (2004). [CrossRef]

J. Appl. Phys.

S. M. Kostritskii, O. G. Sevostyanov, M. Aillerie, and P. Bourson, “Suppression of photorefractive damage with aid of steady-state temperature gradient in nominally pure LiNbO3 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 104(11), 114104–114114 (2008). [CrossRef]
A. Savage, “Visual system-response functions and estimating reflectance,” J. Appl. Phys. 37, 3071 (1966). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

J. Phys. D

M. Simon, S. Wevering, K. Buse, and E. Krätzig, “The bulk photovoltaic effect of photorefractive LiNbO3:Fe crystals at high light intensities,” J. Phys. D 30(1), 144–149 (1997). [CrossRef]

Nature

J. D. Brownridge, “Pyroelectric x-ray generator,” Nature 358(6384), 277–278 (1992). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Commun.

A. Barthélémy, S. Maneuf, and C. Froehly, “Propagation soliton et auto-confinement de faisceaux laser par non linearité optique de Kerr,” Opt. Commun. 55(3), 201–206 (1985). [CrossRef]

Opt. Lett.

Phys. Rev. A

A. A. Zozulya and D. Z. Anderson, “Propagation of an optical beam in a photorefractive medium in the presence of a photogalvanic nonlinearity or an externally applied electric field,” Phys. Rev. A 51(2), 1520–1531 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Taya, M. C. Bashaw, M. M. Fejer, M. Segev, and G. C. Valley, “Observation of dark photovoltaic spatial solitons,” Phys. Rev. A 52(4), 3095–3100 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

W. L. She, K. K. Lee, and W. K. Lee, “Observation of Two-Dimensional Bright Photovoltaic Spatial Solitons,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(16), 3182–3185 (1999). [CrossRef]
W. KrólikowskiM. Saffman, B. Luther-Davies, and C. Denz, “Anomalous Interaction of Spatial Solitons in Photorefractive Media,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(15), 3240–3243 (1998). [CrossRef]
J. Geuther, Y. Danon, and F. Saglime, “Nuclear Reactions Induced by a Pyroelectric Accelerator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(5), 054803–054806 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. Hayata and M. Koshiba, “Multidimensional solitons in quadratic nonlinear media,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(20), 3275–3278 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Y. Chiao, E. Garmire, and C. H. Townes, “Self-Trapping of Optical Beams,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 13(15), 479–482 (1964). [CrossRef]
M. Segev, G. C. Valley, B. Crosignani, P. Di porto, and A. Yariv, “Steady-State Spatial Screening Solitons in Photorefractive Materials with External Applied Field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73(24), 3211–3214 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. C. Duree, J. L. Shultz, G. J. Salamo, M. Segev, A. Yariv, B. Crosignani, E. J. Sharp, R. R. Neurgaonkar, and P. Di Porto, “Observation of self-trapping of an optical beam due to the photorefractive effect,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(4), 533–536 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. Montemezzani, C. Medrano, and P. Günter, “Charge carrier photoexcitation and two-wave mixing in dichroic materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 79(18), 3403–3406 (1997). [CrossRef]

Phys. Status Solidi

T. Bartholomaüs, K. Buse, C. Deuper, and E. Krätzig, “Pyroelectric Coefficients of LiNbO3 Crystals of Different Compositions,” Phys. Status Solidi 142(1), K55–K57 (1994) (a). [CrossRef]

Other

A. D. Boardman, and A. P. Sukhorukov, Soliton Driven Photonics (Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht, 2001).
S. Trillo, and W. E. Torruellas, Spatial Solitons (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2001).
P. Günter, and J. P. Huignard, Photorefractive materials and their applications 2 (Springer, Berlin, 2007).

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[1] R. Y. Chiao, E. Garmire, and C. H. Townes, “Self-Trapping of Optical Beams,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 13(15), 479–482 (1964). [CrossRef]

[2] A. Barthélémy, S. Maneuf, and C. Froehly, “Propagation soliton et auto-confinement de faisceaux laser par non linearité optique de Kerr,” Opt. Commun. 55(3), 201–206 (1985). [CrossRef]

[3] K. Hayata and M. Koshiba, “Multidimensional solitons in quadratic nonlinear media,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(20), 3275–3278 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[4] M. Peccianti, A. De Rossi, G. Assanto, A. De Luca, C. Umeton, and I. C. Khoo, “Electrically assisted self-confinement and waveguiding in planar nematic liquid crystal cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 77(1), 7–9 (2000). [CrossRef]

[5] G. C. Duree, J. L. Shultz, G. J. Salamo, M. Segev, A. Yariv, B. Crosignani, E. J. Sharp, R. R. Neurgaonkar, and P. Di Porto, “Observation of self-trapping of an optical beam due to the photorefractive effect,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(4), 533–536 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] A. D. Boardman, and A. P. Sukhorukov, Soliton Driven Photonics (Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht, 2001).

[7] S. Trillo, and W. E. Torruellas, Spatial Solitons (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2001).

[8] M. Segev, G. C. Valley, B. Crosignani, P. Di porto, and A. Yariv, “Steady-State Spatial Screening Solitons in Photorefractive Materials with External Applied Field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 73(24), 3211–3214 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] M. Morin, G. C. Duree, G. J. Salamo, and M. Segev, “Waveguides formed by quasi-steady-state photorefractive spatial solitons,” Opt. Lett. 20(20), 2066–2068 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] D. Neshev, E. Ostrovskaya, Y. Kivshar, and W. Krolikowski, “Spatial solitons in optically induced gratings,” Opt. Lett. 28(9), 710–712 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] W. KrólikowskiM. Saffman, B. Luther-Davies, and C. Denz, “Anomalous Interaction of Spatial Solitons in Photorefractive Media,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 80(15), 3240–3243 (1998). [CrossRef]

[12] E. Fazio, F. Renzi, R. Rinaldi, M. Bertolotti, M. Chauvet, W. Ramadan, A. Petris, and V. I. Vlad, “Screening-photovoltaic bright solitons in lithium niobate and associated single mode waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 85(12), 2193–2195 (2004). [CrossRef]

[13] M. Taya, M. C. Bashaw, M. M. Fejer, M. Segev, and G. C. Valley, “Observation of dark photovoltaic spatial solitons,” Phys. Rev. A 52(4), 3095–3100 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[14] W. L. She, K. K. Lee, and W. K. Lee, “Observation of Two-Dimensional Bright Photovoltaic Spatial Solitons,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(16), 3182–3185 (1999). [CrossRef]

[15] C. Anastassiou, M. F. Shih, M. Mitchell, Z. Chen, and M. Segev, “Optically induced photovoltaic self-defocusing-to-self-focusing transition,” Opt. Lett. 23(12), 924–926 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[16] J. D. Brownridge, “Pyroelectric x-ray generator,” Nature 358(6384), 277–278 (1992). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[17] J. Geuther, Y. Danon, and F. Saglime, “Nuclear Reactions Induced by a Pyroelectric Accelerator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(5), 054803–054806 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[18] S. M. Kostritskii, O. G. Sevostyanov, M. Aillerie, and P. Bourson, “Suppression of photorefractive damage with aid of steady-state temperature gradient in nominally pure LiNbO3 crystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 104(11), 114104–114114 (2008). [CrossRef]

[19] P. Günter, and J. P. Huignard, Photorefractive materials and their applications 2 (Springer, Berlin, 2007).

[20] F. Devaux, V. Coda, M. Chauvet, and R. Passier, “New time-dependent photorefractive three-dimensional model: application to self-trapped beam with large bending,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(6), 1081–1086 (2008). [CrossRef]

[21] T. Bartholomaüs, K. Buse, C. Deuper, and E. Krätzig, “Pyroelectric Coefficients of LiNbO3 Crystals of Different Compositions,” Phys. Status Solidi 142(1), K55–K57 (1994) (a). [CrossRef]

[22] A. Savage, “Visual system-response functions and estimating reflectance,” J. Appl. Phys. 37, 3071 (1966). [CrossRef]

[23] M. Simon, S. Wevering, K. Buse, and E. Krätzig, “The bulk photovoltaic effect of photorefractive LiNbO3:Fe crystals at high light intensities,” J. Phys. D 30(1), 144–149 (1997). [CrossRef]

[24] J. Safioui, M. Chauvet, F. Devaux, V. Coda, F. Pettazzi, M. Alonzo, and E. Fazio, “Polarization and configuration dependence of beam self-focusing in photorefractive liNbO3,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 26(3), 487–492 (2009). [CrossRef]

[25] A. A. Zozulya and D. Z. Anderson, “Propagation of an optical beam in a photorefractive medium in the presence of a photogalvanic nonlinearity or an externally applied electric field,” Phys. Rev. A 51(2), 1520–1531 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[26] G. Montemezzani, C. Medrano, and P. Günter, “Charge carrier photoexcitation and two-wave mixing in dichroic materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 79(18), 3403–3406 (1997). [CrossRef]

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Pyroliton: pyroelectric spatial soliton

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Abstract

References

Appl. Phys. Lett.

J. Appl. Phys.

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

J. Phys. D

Nature

Opt. Commun.

Opt. Lett.

Phys. Rev. A

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Phys. Status Solidi

Other

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