Real-time visualization of electromagnetic waves propagating in air using live electro-optic imaging technique

doi:10.1364/OE.18.010029

Real-time visualization of electromagnetic waves propagating in air using live electro-optic imaging technique

Atsushi Kanno, Kiyotaka Sasagawa, Takahiro Shiozawa, and Masahiro Tsuchiya »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 10, pp. 10029-10035 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.010029

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Abstract

Electromagnetic waves propagating in air are visually observed with phase evolution in real time by live electro-optic imaging technique. We show how geometrical and crystallographic arrangements of an electro-optic sensor plate enable the realization of the real-time visual observation of traveling 100-GHz electromagnetic waves. For this purpose, a generation technique for a 100-GHz optical local oscillator signal at 780 nm was newly developed, whose optical wavelength is suitable for the ultra-parallel RF electric field data acquisition by a Si-CMOS image sensor.

OCIS Codes
(040.2840) Detectors : Heterodyne
(110.1650) Imaging systems : Coherence imaging
(230.2090) Optical devices : Electro-optical devices
(350.4010) Other areas of optics : Microwaves
(280.4788) Remote sensing and sensors : Optical sensing and sensors

ToC Category:
Detectors

History
Original Manuscript: March 10, 2010
Revised Manuscript: April 17, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: April 18, 2010
Published: April 28, 2010

Citation
Atsushi Kanno, Kiyotaka Sasagawa, Takahiro Shiozawa, and Masahiro Tsuchiya, "Real-time visualization of electromagnetic waves propagating in air using live electro-optic imaging technique," Opt. Express 18, 10029-10035 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-10-10029

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References

G. S. Settles, Schlieren and shadowgraph techniques: Visualizing phenomena in transparent media (Springer-Verlag, 2001).
T. Kubota and Y. Awatsuji, “Observation of light propagation by holography with a picosecond pulsed laser,” Opt. Lett. 27(10), 815–817 (2002). [CrossRef]
R. Muthupillai, D. J. Lomas, P. J. Rossman, J. F. Greenleaf, A. Manduca, and R. L. Ehman, “Magnetic resonance elastography by direct visualization of propagating acoustic strain waves,” Science 269(5232), 1854–1857 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. Taflove, and S. C. Hagness, Computational Electrodynamics; the finite-difference time-domain method, 3rd ed. (Artech House, 2005). [PubMed]
S. Foteinopoulou, E. N. Economou, and C. M. Soukoulis, “Refraction in media with a negative refractive index,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(10), 107402 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, B. J. Justice, S. A. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. F. Starr, and D. R. Smith, “Metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies,” Science 314(5801), 977–980 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. A. Valdmanis, G. Mourou, and C. W. Gabel, “Picosecond electro-optic sampling system,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 41(3), 211–212 (1982). [CrossRef]
K. Yang, G. David, S. V. Robertson, J. F. Whitaker, and L. P. B. Katehi, “Electrooptic Mapping of Near-Field Distributions in Integrated Microwave Circuits,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 46(12), 2338–2343 (1998). [CrossRef]
K. Sasagawa and M. Tsuchiya, “Real-time monitoring system of RF near-field distribution images on the basis of 64-channel parallel electro-optic data acquisition,” IEICE Electron. Express 2(24), 600–606 (2005). [CrossRef]
K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, T. Kawanishi, and M. Tsuchiya, “Live electro-optic imaging system based on ultra-parallel photonic heterodyne for microwave near-fields,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 55(12), 2782–2791 (2007). [CrossRef]
K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, and M. Tsuchiya, “Instantaneous visualization of K-band electric near-fields by live electrooptic imaging system based on double sideband suppressed carrier modulation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 26(15), 2782–2788 (2008). [CrossRef]
M. Tsuchiya, K. Sasagawa, and T. Shiozawa, “Real-time observations and analyses of RF wave propagations by live electrooptic imaging camera,” in Proceedings of 39th European Microwave Conf. (Rome, Italy, 2009) pp. 787–790.
K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, and M. Tsuchiya, “Real-time digital signal processing for live electro-optic imaging,” Opt. Express 17(18), 15641–15651 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Live electrooptic imaging camera Web site: http://lei-camera.nict.go.jp/
A. Kanno, K. Sasagawa, and M. Tsuchiya, “W-band live electro-optic imaging system,” in Proceedings of 38th European Microwave Conf. (Amsterdam, The Netherland, 2008) pp. 369–372.
A. Kanno, K. Sasagawa, and M. Tsuchiya, “Phase-resolved visualization of 100 GHz traveling electromagnetic waves by an EO imaging method,” in Proceedings of IEEE conference on Laser and Electro-Optics Society 2008 Annual Meeting (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2008), pp. 218–219.
M. Tsuchiya, A. Kanno, K. Sasagawa, and T. Shiozawa, “Image and/or movie analyses of 100-GHz traveling waves on the basis of real-time observation with a live electrooptic imaging camera,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 57(12), 3373–3379 (2009). [CrossRef]
S. Namba, “Electro-optical effect of zincblende,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 51(1), 76–79 (1961). [CrossRef]
J. Macario, P. Yao, R. Shireen, C. A. Schuetz, S. Shi, and D. W. Prather, “Development of Electro-Optic Phase Modulator for 94 GHz Imaging System,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(24), 5698–5703 (2009). [CrossRef]
K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, and M. Tsuchiya, “W-band photonic signal generation with carrier and unnecessary sidebands suppressed by second harmonic generation,” in Proceedings of IEEE conference on Laser and Electro-Optics Society 2008 Annual Meeting (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2008), pp. 348–349.
A. Kanno and his colleagues are preparing a paper to describe the optical two-tone signal generation method based on second harmonic generation of modulated light signals.

Appl. Phys. Lett.

J. A. Valdmanis, G. Mourou, and C. W. Gabel, “Picosecond electro-optic sampling system,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 41(3), 211–212 (1982). [CrossRef]

IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.

K. Yang, G. David, S. V. Robertson, J. F. Whitaker, and L. P. B. Katehi, “Electrooptic Mapping of Near-Field Distributions in Integrated Microwave Circuits,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 46(12), 2338–2343 (1998). [CrossRef]
K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, T. Kawanishi, and M. Tsuchiya, “Live electro-optic imaging system based on ultra-parallel photonic heterodyne for microwave near-fields,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 55(12), 2782–2791 (2007). [CrossRef]
M. Tsuchiya, A. Kanno, K. Sasagawa, and T. Shiozawa, “Image and/or movie analyses of 100-GHz traveling waves on the basis of real-time observation with a live electrooptic imaging camera,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 57(12), 3373–3379 (2009). [CrossRef]

IEICE Electron. Express

K. Sasagawa and M. Tsuchiya, “Real-time monitoring system of RF near-field distribution images on the basis of 64-channel parallel electro-optic data acquisition,” IEICE Electron. Express 2(24), 600–606 (2005). [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

Phys. Rev. Lett.

S. Foteinopoulou, E. N. Economou, and C. M. Soukoulis, “Refraction in media with a negative refractive index,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(10), 107402 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Science

D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, B. J. Justice, S. A. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. F. Starr, and D. R. Smith, “Metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies,” Science 314(5801), 977–980 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Muthupillai, D. J. Lomas, P. J. Rossman, J. F. Greenleaf, A. Manduca, and R. L. Ehman, “Magnetic resonance elastography by direct visualization of propagating acoustic strain waves,” Science 269(5232), 1854–1857 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Other

A. Taflove, and S. C. Hagness, Computational Electrodynamics; the finite-difference time-domain method, 3rd ed. (Artech House, 2005). [PubMed]
M. Tsuchiya, K. Sasagawa, and T. Shiozawa, “Real-time observations and analyses of RF wave propagations by live electrooptic imaging camera,” in Proceedings of 39th European Microwave Conf. (Rome, Italy, 2009) pp. 787–790.
Live electrooptic imaging camera Web site: http://lei-camera.nict.go.jp/
A. Kanno, K. Sasagawa, and M. Tsuchiya, “W-band live electro-optic imaging system,” in Proceedings of 38th European Microwave Conf. (Amsterdam, The Netherland, 2008) pp. 369–372.
A. Kanno, K. Sasagawa, and M. Tsuchiya, “Phase-resolved visualization of 100 GHz traveling electromagnetic waves by an EO imaging method,” in Proceedings of IEEE conference on Laser and Electro-Optics Society 2008 Annual Meeting (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2008), pp. 218–219.
K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, and M. Tsuchiya, “W-band photonic signal generation with carrier and unnecessary sidebands suppressed by second harmonic generation,” in Proceedings of IEEE conference on Laser and Electro-Optics Society 2008 Annual Meeting (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2008), pp. 348–349.
A. Kanno and his colleagues are preparing a paper to describe the optical two-tone signal generation method based on second harmonic generation of modulated light signals.
G. S. Settles, Schlieren and shadowgraph techniques: Visualizing phenomena in transparent media (Springer-Verlag, 2001).

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[1] G. S. Settles, Schlieren and shadowgraph techniques: Visualizing phenomena in transparent media (Springer-Verlag, 2001).

[2] T. Kubota and Y. Awatsuji, “Observation of light propagation by holography with a picosecond pulsed laser,” Opt. Lett. 27(10), 815–817 (2002). [CrossRef]

[3] R. Muthupillai, D. J. Lomas, P. J. Rossman, J. F. Greenleaf, A. Manduca, and R. L. Ehman, “Magnetic resonance elastography by direct visualization of propagating acoustic strain waves,” Science 269(5232), 1854–1857 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[4] A. Taflove, and S. C. Hagness, Computational Electrodynamics; the finite-difference time-domain method, 3rd ed. (Artech House, 2005). [PubMed]

[5] S. Foteinopoulou, E. N. Economou, and C. M. Soukoulis, “Refraction in media with a negative refractive index,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(10), 107402 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, B. J. Justice, S. A. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. F. Starr, and D. R. Smith, “Metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies,” Science 314(5801), 977–980 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] J. A. Valdmanis, G. Mourou, and C. W. Gabel, “Picosecond electro-optic sampling system,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 41(3), 211–212 (1982). [CrossRef]

[8] K. Yang, G. David, S. V. Robertson, J. F. Whitaker, and L. P. B. Katehi, “Electrooptic Mapping of Near-Field Distributions in Integrated Microwave Circuits,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 46(12), 2338–2343 (1998). [CrossRef]

[9] K. Sasagawa and M. Tsuchiya, “Real-time monitoring system of RF near-field distribution images on the basis of 64-channel parallel electro-optic data acquisition,” IEICE Electron. Express 2(24), 600–606 (2005). [CrossRef]

[10] K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, T. Kawanishi, and M. Tsuchiya, “Live electro-optic imaging system based on ultra-parallel photonic heterodyne for microwave near-fields,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 55(12), 2782–2791 (2007). [CrossRef]

[11] K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, and M. Tsuchiya, “Instantaneous visualization of K-band electric near-fields by live electrooptic imaging system based on double sideband suppressed carrier modulation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 26(15), 2782–2788 (2008). [CrossRef]

[12] M. Tsuchiya, K. Sasagawa, and T. Shiozawa, “Real-time observations and analyses of RF wave propagations by live electrooptic imaging camera,” in Proceedings of 39th European Microwave Conf. (Rome, Italy, 2009) pp. 787–790.

[13] K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, and M. Tsuchiya, “Real-time digital signal processing for live electro-optic imaging,” Opt. Express 17(18), 15641–15651 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[14] Live electrooptic imaging camera Web site: http://lei-camera.nict.go.jp/

[15] A. Kanno, K. Sasagawa, and M. Tsuchiya, “W-band live electro-optic imaging system,” in Proceedings of 38th European Microwave Conf. (Amsterdam, The Netherland, 2008) pp. 369–372.

[16] A. Kanno, K. Sasagawa, and M. Tsuchiya, “Phase-resolved visualization of 100 GHz traveling electromagnetic waves by an EO imaging method,” in Proceedings of IEEE conference on Laser and Electro-Optics Society 2008 Annual Meeting (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2008), pp. 218–219.

[17] M. Tsuchiya, A. Kanno, K. Sasagawa, and T. Shiozawa, “Image and/or movie analyses of 100-GHz traveling waves on the basis of real-time observation with a live electrooptic imaging camera,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 57(12), 3373–3379 (2009). [CrossRef]

[18] S. Namba, “Electro-optical effect of zincblende,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 51(1), 76–79 (1961). [CrossRef]

[19] J. Macario, P. Yao, R. Shireen, C. A. Schuetz, S. Shi, and D. W. Prather, “Development of Electro-Optic Phase Modulator for 94 GHz Imaging System,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(24), 5698–5703 (2009). [CrossRef]

[20] K. Sasagawa, A. Kanno, and M. Tsuchiya, “W-band photonic signal generation with carrier and unnecessary sidebands suppressed by second harmonic generation,” in Proceedings of IEEE conference on Laser and Electro-Optics Society 2008 Annual Meeting (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2008), pp. 348–349.

[21] A. Kanno and his colleagues are preparing a paper to describe the optical two-tone signal generation method based on second harmonic generation of modulated light signals.

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Real-time visualization of electromagnetic waves propagating in air using live electro-optic imaging technique

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Abstract

References

Appl. Phys. Lett.

IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.

IEICE Electron. Express

J. Lightwave Technol.

J. Opt. Soc. Am.

Opt. Express

Opt. Lett.

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Science

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