An extraordinary directive radiation based on optical antimatter at near infrared

doi:10.1364/OE.18.025068

An extraordinary directive radiation based on optical antimatter at near infrared

Vito Mocella, Principia Dardano, Ivo Rendina, and Stefano Cabrini »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 24, pp. 25068-25074 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.025068

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Abstract

In this paper we discuss and experimentally demonstrate that in a quasi- zero-average-refractive-index (QZAI) metamaterial, in correspondence of a divergent source in near infrared (λ = 1.55 μm) the light scattered out is extremely directive (Δθ_out = 0.06°), coupling with diffraction order of the alternating complementary media grating. With a high degree of accuracy the measurements prove also the excellent vertical confinement of the beam even in the air region of the metamaterial, in absence of any simple vertical confinement mechanism. This extremely sensitive device works on a large contact area and open news perspective to integrated spectroscopy.

OCIS Codes
(050.1950) Diffraction and gratings : Diffraction gratings
(160.3918) Materials : Metamaterials
(050.5298) Diffraction and gratings : Photonic crystals

ToC Category:
Metamaterials

History
Original Manuscript: August 24, 2010
Revised Manuscript: October 28, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: October 29, 2010
Published: November 16, 2010

Citation
Vito Mocella, Principia Dardano, Ivo Rendina, and Stefano Cabrini, "An extraordinary directive radiation based on optical antimatter at near infrared," Opt. Express 18, 25068-25074 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-24-25068

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References

J. Pendry and S. Ramakrishna, “Focusing light using negative refraction,” J. Phys. Condens. Matter 15(37), 6345–6364 (2003). [CrossRef]
V. Mocella, S. Cabrini, A. S. P. Chang, P. Dardano, L. Moretti, I. Rendina, D. Olynick, B. Harteneck, and S. Dhuey, “Self-collimation of light over millimeter-scale distance in a quasi-zero-average-index metamaterial,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 102(13), 133902 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. B. Pendry, “Negative refraction makes a perfect lens,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(18), 3966–3969 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
V. Mocella, P. Dardano, L. Moretti, and I. Rendina, “Influence of surface termination on negative reflection by photonic crystals,” Opt. Express 15(11), 6605–6611 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Li, L. Zhou, C. T. Chan, and P. Sheng, “Photonic band gap from a stack of positive and negative index materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(8), 083901 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Enoch, G. Tayeb, P. Sabouroux, N. Guérin, and P. Vincent, “A metamaterial for directive emission,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 89(21), 213902 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. Alù, M. G. Silveirinha, A. Salandrino, and N. Engheta, “Epsilon-Near-Zero (ENZ) Metamaterials and Electromagnetic Sources: Tailoring the Radiation Phase Pattern,” Phys. Rev. B 75(15), 155410 (2007). [CrossRef]
M. Silveirinha and N. Engheta, “Tunneling of electromagnetic energy through subwavelength channels and bends using ε-near-zero materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 97(15), 157403 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Liu, Q. Cheng, T. Hand, J. J. Mock, T. J. Cui, S. A. Cummer, and D. R. Smith, “Experimental demonstration of electromagnetic tunneling through an epsilon-near-zero metamaterial at microwave frequencies,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(2), 023903 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
B. Edwards, A. Alù, M. E. Young, M. Silveirinha, and N. Engheta, “Experimental verification of epsilon-near-zero metamaterial coupling and energy squeezing using a microwave waveguide,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(3), 033903 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. W. Ziolkowski, “Propagation in and scattering from a matched metamaterial having a zero index of refraction,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 70(4), 046608 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Born, and E. Wolf, Principles of optics, 7th edition, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999).
E. G. Loewen, and E. Popov, Diffraction gratings and applications, (Marcel Dekker inc., New York Basel, 1997).
A. Yariv, Quantum electronics, 3th edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1989).
H. Chernoff and E. L. Lehmann, “The Use of Maximum Likelihood Estimates in χ2 Tests for Goodness of Fit,” Ann. Math. Stat. 25(3), 579–586 (1954). [CrossRef]
B. Momeni, E. S. Hosseini, M. Askari, M. Soltani, and A. Adibi, “Integrated photonic crystal spectrometers for sensing applications,” Opt. Commun. 282(15), 3168–3171 (2009). [CrossRef]

Adibi, A.
Alù, A.
Askari, M.
Cabrini, S.
Chan, C. T.
Chang, A. S. P.
Cheng, Q.
Chernoff, H.
Cui, T. J.
Cummer, S. A.
Dardano, P.
Dhuey, S.
Edwards, B.
Engheta, N.
Enoch, S.
Guérin, N.
Hand, T.
Harteneck, B.
Hosseini, E. S.
Lehmann, E. L.
Li, J.
Liu, R.
Mocella, V.
Mock, J. J.
Momeni, B.
Moretti, L.
Olynick, D.
Pendry, J.
Pendry, J. B.
Ramakrishna, S.
Rendina, I.
Sabouroux, P.
Salandrino, A.
Sheng, P.
Silveirinha, M.
Silveirinha, M. G.
Smith, D. R.
Soltani, M.
Tayeb, G.
Vincent, P.
Young, M. E.
Zhou, L.
Ziolkowski, R. W.

Ann. Math. Stat.

H. Chernoff and E. L. Lehmann, “The Use of Maximum Likelihood Estimates in χ2 Tests for Goodness of Fit,” Ann. Math. Stat. 25(3), 579–586 (1954). [CrossRef]

J. Phys. Condens. Matter

J. Pendry and S. Ramakrishna, “Focusing light using negative refraction,” J. Phys. Condens. Matter 15(37), 6345–6364 (2003). [CrossRef]

Opt. Commun.

B. Momeni, E. S. Hosseini, M. Askari, M. Soltani, and A. Adibi, “Integrated photonic crystal spectrometers for sensing applications,” Opt. Commun. 282(15), 3168–3171 (2009). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

V. Mocella, P. Dardano, L. Moretti, and I. Rendina, “Influence of surface termination on negative reflection by photonic crystals,” Opt. Express 15(11), 6605–6611 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. B

A. Alù, M. G. Silveirinha, A. Salandrino, and N. Engheta, “Epsilon-Near-Zero (ENZ) Metamaterials and Electromagnetic Sources: Tailoring the Radiation Phase Pattern,” Phys. Rev. B 75(15), 155410 (2007). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys.

R. W. Ziolkowski, “Propagation in and scattering from a matched metamaterial having a zero index of refraction,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 70(4), 046608 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

M. Silveirinha and N. Engheta, “Tunneling of electromagnetic energy through subwavelength channels and bends using ε-near-zero materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 97(15), 157403 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Liu, Q. Cheng, T. Hand, J. J. Mock, T. J. Cui, S. A. Cummer, and D. R. Smith, “Experimental demonstration of electromagnetic tunneling through an epsilon-near-zero metamaterial at microwave frequencies,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(2), 023903 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
B. Edwards, A. Alù, M. E. Young, M. Silveirinha, and N. Engheta, “Experimental verification of epsilon-near-zero metamaterial coupling and energy squeezing using a microwave waveguide,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(3), 033903 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Li, L. Zhou, C. T. Chan, and P. Sheng, “Photonic band gap from a stack of positive and negative index materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(8), 083901 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Enoch, G. Tayeb, P. Sabouroux, N. Guérin, and P. Vincent, “A metamaterial for directive emission,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 89(21), 213902 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
V. Mocella, S. Cabrini, A. S. P. Chang, P. Dardano, L. Moretti, I. Rendina, D. Olynick, B. Harteneck, and S. Dhuey, “Self-collimation of light over millimeter-scale distance in a quasi-zero-average-index metamaterial,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 102(13), 133902 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. B. Pendry, “Negative refraction makes a perfect lens,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(18), 3966–3969 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Other

M. Born, and E. Wolf, Principles of optics, 7th edition, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999).
E. G. Loewen, and E. Popov, Diffraction gratings and applications, (Marcel Dekker inc., New York Basel, 1997).
A. Yariv, Quantum electronics, 3th edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1989).

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[1] J. Pendry and S. Ramakrishna, “Focusing light using negative refraction,” J. Phys. Condens. Matter 15(37), 6345–6364 (2003). [CrossRef]

[2] V. Mocella, S. Cabrini, A. S. P. Chang, P. Dardano, L. Moretti, I. Rendina, D. Olynick, B. Harteneck, and S. Dhuey, “Self-collimation of light over millimeter-scale distance in a quasi-zero-average-index metamaterial,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 102(13), 133902 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[3] J. B. Pendry, “Negative refraction makes a perfect lens,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(18), 3966–3969 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[4] V. Mocella, P. Dardano, L. Moretti, and I. Rendina, “Influence of surface termination on negative reflection by photonic crystals,” Opt. Express 15(11), 6605–6611 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] J. Li, L. Zhou, C. T. Chan, and P. Sheng, “Photonic band gap from a stack of positive and negative index materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(8), 083901 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] S. Enoch, G. Tayeb, P. Sabouroux, N. Guérin, and P. Vincent, “A metamaterial for directive emission,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 89(21), 213902 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] A. Alù, M. G. Silveirinha, A. Salandrino, and N. Engheta, “Epsilon-Near-Zero (ENZ) Metamaterials and Electromagnetic Sources: Tailoring the Radiation Phase Pattern,” Phys. Rev. B 75(15), 155410 (2007). [CrossRef]

[8] M. Silveirinha and N. Engheta, “Tunneling of electromagnetic energy through subwavelength channels and bends using ε-near-zero materials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 97(15), 157403 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] R. Liu, Q. Cheng, T. Hand, J. J. Mock, T. J. Cui, S. A. Cummer, and D. R. Smith, “Experimental demonstration of electromagnetic tunneling through an epsilon-near-zero metamaterial at microwave frequencies,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(2), 023903 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] B. Edwards, A. Alù, M. E. Young, M. Silveirinha, and N. Engheta, “Experimental verification of epsilon-near-zero metamaterial coupling and energy squeezing using a microwave waveguide,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(3), 033903 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] R. W. Ziolkowski, “Propagation in and scattering from a matched metamaterial having a zero index of refraction,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 70(4), 046608 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[12] M. Born, and E. Wolf, Principles of optics, 7th edition, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999).

[13] E. G. Loewen, and E. Popov, Diffraction gratings and applications, (Marcel Dekker inc., New York Basel, 1997).

[14] A. Yariv, Quantum electronics, 3th edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1989).

[15] H. Chernoff and E. L. Lehmann, “The Use of Maximum Likelihood Estimates in χ2 Tests for Goodness of Fit,” Ann. Math. Stat. 25(3), 579–586 (1954). [CrossRef]

[16] B. Momeni, E. S. Hosseini, M. Askari, M. Soltani, and A. Adibi, “Integrated photonic crystal spectrometers for sensing applications,” Opt. Commun. 282(15), 3168–3171 (2009). [CrossRef]

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An extraordinary directive radiation based on optical antimatter at near infrared

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Abstract

References

Ann. Math. Stat.

J. Phys. Condens. Matter

Opt. Commun.

Opt. Express

Phys. Rev. B

Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys.

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Other

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