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Plasmon-induced optical switching of electrical conductivity in porous anodic aluminum oxide films encapsulated with silver nanoparticle arraysChen-Han Huang, Hsing-Ying Lin, Ben-Chao Lau, Chih-Yi Liu, Hsiang-Chen Chui, and Yonhua Tzeng »View Author Affiliations
Chen-Han Huang,1
Hsing-Ying Lin,1,2
Ben-Chao Lau,3
Chih-Yi Liu,4
Hsiang-Chen Chui,1
and Yonhua Tzeng3,*
1Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan 2Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan 3Institute of Microelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan 4Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan *Corresponding author: tzengyo@mail.ncku.edu.tw |
Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 26, pp. 27891-27899 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.027891
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Abstract
We report on plasmon induced optical switching of electrical conductivity in two-dimensional (2D) arrays of silver (Ag) nanoparticles encapsulated inside nanochannels of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films. The reversible switching of photoconductivity greatly enhanced by an array of closely spaced Ag nanoparticles which are isolated from each other and from the ambient by thin aluminum oxide barrier layers are attributed to the improved electron transport due to the localized surface plasmon resonance and coupling among Ag nanoparticles. The photoconductivity is proportional to the power, and strongly dependent on the wavelength of light illumination. With Ag nanoparticles being isolated from the ambient environments by a thin layer of aluminum oxide barrier layer of controlled thickness in nanometers to tens of nanometers, deterioration of silver nanoparticles caused by environments is minimized. The electrochemically fabricated nanostructured Ag/AAO is inexpensive and promising for applications to integrated plasmonic circuits and sensors.
© 2010 OSA
OCIS Codes
(230.0250) Optical devices : Optoelectronics
(240.6680) Optics at surfaces : Surface plasmons
(260.5150) Physical optics : Photoconductivity
(220.4241) Optical design and fabrication : Nanostructure fabrication
(250.5403) Optoelectronics : Plasmonics
(310.6628) Thin films : Subwavelength structures, nanostructures
ToC Category:
Optoelectronics
History
Original Manuscript: November 11, 2010
Revised Manuscript: December 9, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: December 15, 2010
Published: December 17, 2010
Citation
Chen-Han Huang, Hsing-Ying Lin, Ben-Chao Lau, Chih-Yi Liu, Hsiang-Chen Chui, and Yonhua Tzeng, "Plasmon-induced optical switching of electrical conductivity in porous anodic aluminum oxide films encapsulated with silver nanoparticle arrays," Opt. Express 18, 27891-27899 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-26-27891
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References
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- G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, K. Nielsch, R. B. Wehrspohn, J. Choi, H. Hofmeister, and U. Gösele, “Highly ordered monocrystalline silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 91(5), 3243–3247 (2002). [CrossRef]
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- N. W. Liu, C. Y. Liu, H. H. Wang, C. F. Hsu, M. Y. Lai, T. H. Chuang, and Y. L. Wang, “Focused-ion-beam-based selective closing and opening of anodic alumina nanochannels for the growth of nanowire arrays comprising multiple elements,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 20(13), 2547–2551 (2008). [CrossRef]
- H. Y. Lin, C. H. Huang, C. H. Chang, Y. C. Lan, and H. C. Chui, “Direct near-field optical imaging of plasmonic resonances in metal nanoparticle pairs,” Opt. Express 18(1), 165–172 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. H. Huang, H. Y. Lin, C. H. Lin, H. C. Chui, Y. C. Lan, and S. W. Chu, “The phase-response effect of size-dependent optical enhancement in a single nanoparticle,” Opt. Express 16(13), 9580–9586 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Banerjee, D. Conklin, S. Nanayakkara, T. H. Park, M. J. Therien, and D. A. Bonnell, “Plasmon-induced electrical conduction in molecular devices,” ACS Nano 4(2), 1019–1025 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. A. Creighton and D. G. Eadon, “Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of the colloidal metallic elements,” J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 87(24), 3881–3891 (1991). [CrossRef]
- R. del Coso, J. Requejo-Isidro, J. Solis, J. Gonzalo, and C. N. Afonso, “Third order nonlinear optical susceptibility of Cu: Al2O3 nanocomposites: From spherical nanoparticles to the percolation threshold,” J. Appl. Phys. 95(5), 2755–2762 (2004). [CrossRef]
- J. A. Creighton and D. G. Eadon, “Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of the colloidal metallic elements,” J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 87(24), 3881–3891 (1991). [CrossRef]
- I. M. Pryce, D. D. Koleske, A. J. Fischer, and H. A. Atwater, “Plasmonic nanoparticle enhanced photocurrent in GaN/InGaN/GaN quantum well solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(15), 153501 (2010). [CrossRef]
- H. Masuda and K. Fukuda, “Ordered metal nanohole arrays made by a two-step replication of honeycomb structures of anodic alumina,” Science 268(5216), 1466–1468 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Hamanaka, K. Fukuta, A. Nakamura, L. M. Liz-Marzán, and P. Mulvaney, “Enhancement of third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities in silica-capped Au nanoparticle films with very high concentrations,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4938–4940 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. Saedi and M. Ghorbani, “Electrodeposition of Ni-Fe-Co alloy nanowire in modified AAO template,” Mater. Chem. Phys. 91(2-3), 417–423 (2005). [CrossRef]
- C.-H. Hsieh, L.-J. Chou, G.-R. Lin, Y. Bando, and D. Golberg, “Nanophotonic switch: gold-in-Ga2O3 peapod nanowires,” Nano Lett. 8(10), 3081–3085 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. del Coso, J. Requejo-Isidro, J. Solis, J. Gonzalo, and C. N. Afonso, “Third order nonlinear optical susceptibility of Cu: Al2O3 nanocomposites: From spherical nanoparticles to the percolation threshold,” J. Appl. Phys. 95(5), 2755–2762 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. M. Goodman and A. Rose, “Double extraction of uniformly generated electron-hole pairs from insulators with noninjecting contacts,” J. Appl. Phys. 42(7), 2823–2830 (1971). [CrossRef]
- K. Berthold, R. A. Höpfel, and E. Gornik, “Surface plasmon polariton enhanced photoconductivity of tunnel junctions in the visible,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 46(7), 626–628 (1985). [CrossRef]
- W. Lee, R. Ji, U. Gösele, and K. Nielsch, “Fast fabrication of long-range ordered porous alumina membranes by hard anodization,” Nat. Mater. 5(9), 741–747 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Choi, Y. Luo, R. B. Wehrspohn, R. Hillebrand, J. Schilling, and U. Gösele, “Perfect two-dimensional porous alumina photonic crystals with duplex oxide layers,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(8), 4757–4762 (2003). [CrossRef]
- G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, K. Nielsch, R. B. Wehrspohn, J. Choi, H. Hofmeister, and U. Gösele, “Highly ordered monocrystalline silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 91(5), 3243–3247 (2002). [CrossRef]
- K. Nielsch, F. Müller, A. P. Li, and U. Gösele, “Uniform nickel deposition into ordered alumina pores by pulsed electrodeposition,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 12(8), 582–586 (2000). [CrossRef]
- A. P. Li, F. Müller, A. Birner, K. Nielsch, and U. Gösele, “Fabrication and microstructuring of hexagonally ordered two-dimensional nanopore arrays in anodic alumina,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 11(6), 483–487 (1999). [CrossRef]
- O. Jessensky, F. Müller, and U. Gösele, “Self-organized formation of hexagonal pore arrays in anodic alumina,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 72(10), 1173–1175 (1998). [CrossRef]
- A. P. Li, F. Müller, A. Birner, K. Nielsch, and U. Gösele, “Hexagonal pore arrays with a 50-420 nm interpore distance formed by self-organization in anodic alumina,” J. Appl. Phys. 84(11), 6023–6026 (1998). [CrossRef]
- Y. Hamanaka, K. Fukuta, A. Nakamura, L. M. Liz-Marzán, and P. Mulvaney, “Enhancement of third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities in silica-capped Au nanoparticle films with very high concentrations,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4938–4940 (2004). [CrossRef]
- P. Zhou, G. J. You, Y. G. Li, T. Han, J. Li, S. Y. Wang, L. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, and S. X. Qian, “Linear and ultrafast nonlinear optical response of Ag: Bi2O3 composite films,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(19), 3876–3878 (2003). [CrossRef]
- K. T. Tsai, Y. R. Huang, M. Y. Lai, C. Y. Liu, H. H. Wang, J. H. He, and Y. L. Wang, “Identical-length nanowire arrays in anodic alumina templates,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 10(12), 8293–8297 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Choi, Y. Luo, R. B. Wehrspohn, R. Hillebrand, J. Schilling, and U. Gösele, “Perfect two-dimensional porous alumina photonic crystals with duplex oxide layers,” J. Appl. Phys. 94(8), 4757–4762 (2003). [CrossRef]
- G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, K. Nielsch, R. B. Wehrspohn, J. Choi, H. Hofmeister, and U. Gösele, “Highly ordered monocrystalline silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 91(5), 3243–3247 (2002). [CrossRef]
- M. A. Mangold, C. Weiss, M. Calame, and A. W. Holleitner, “Surface plasmon enhanced photoconductance of gold nanoparticle arrays with incorporated alkane linkers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 94(16), 161104 (2009). [CrossRef]
- M. S. Hu, H. L. Chen, C. H. Shen, L. S. Hong, B. R. Huang, K. H. Chen, and L. C. Chen, “Photosensitive gold-nanoparticle-embedded dielectric nanowires,” Nat. Mater. 5(2), 102–106 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Berthold, R. A. Höpfel, and E. Gornik, “Surface plasmon polariton enhanced photoconductivity of tunnel junctions in the visible,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 46(7), 626–628 (1985). [CrossRef]
- C.-H. Hsieh, L.-J. Chou, G.-R. Lin, Y. Bando, and D. Golberg, “Nanophotonic switch: gold-in-Ga2O3 peapod nanowires,” Nano Lett. 8(10), 3081–3085 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. W. Liu, C. Y. Liu, H. H. Wang, C. F. Hsu, M. Y. Lai, T. H. Chuang, and Y. L. Wang, “Focused-ion-beam-based selective closing and opening of anodic alumina nanochannels for the growth of nanowire arrays comprising multiple elements,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 20(13), 2547–2551 (2008). [CrossRef]
- H. H. Wang, C. Y. Liu, S. B. Wu, N. W. Liu, C. Y. Peng, T. H. Chan, C. F. Hsu, J. K. Wang, and Y. L. Wang, “Highly Raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 18(4), 491–495 (2006). [CrossRef]
- M. S. Hu, H. L. Chen, C. H. Shen, L. S. Hong, B. R. Huang, K. H. Chen, and L. C. Chen, “Photosensitive gold-nanoparticle-embedded dielectric nanowires,” Nat. Mater. 5(2), 102–106 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. S. Hu, H. L. Chen, C. H. Shen, L. S. Hong, B. R. Huang, K. H. Chen, and L. C. Chen, “Photosensitive gold-nanoparticle-embedded dielectric nanowires,” Nat. Mater. 5(2), 102–106 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
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ACS Nano
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Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)
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Appl. Phys. Lett.
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Chem. Commun. (Camb.)
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J. Am. Chem. Soc.
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J. Appl. Phys.
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Nano Lett.
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- R. del Coso, J. Requejo-Isidro, J. Solis, J. Gonzalo, and C. N. Afonso, “Third order nonlinear optical susceptibility of Cu: Al2O3 nanocomposites: From spherical nanoparticles to the percolation threshold,” J. Appl. Phys. 95(5), 2755–2762 (2004). [CrossRef]
- T. Atay, J.-H. Song, and A. V. Nurmikko, “Strongly interacting plasmon nanoparticle pairs: From dipole−dipole interaction to conductively coupled regime,” Nano Lett. 4(9), 1627–1631 (2004). [CrossRef]
- P. Zhou, G. J. You, Y. G. Li, T. Han, J. Li, S. Y. Wang, L. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, and S. X. Qian, “Linear and ultrafast nonlinear optical response of Ag: Bi2O3 composite films,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(19), 3876–3878 (2003). [CrossRef]
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- S. Shingubara, “Fabrication of nanomaterials using porous alumina templates,” J. Nanopart. Res. 5(1/2), 17–30 (2003). [CrossRef]
- G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, K. Nielsch, R. B. Wehrspohn, J. Choi, H. Hofmeister, and U. Gösele, “Highly ordered monocrystalline silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 91(5), 3243–3247 (2002). [CrossRef]
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- A. P. Li, F. Müller, A. Birner, K. Nielsch, and U. Gösele, “Fabrication and microstructuring of hexagonally ordered two-dimensional nanopore arrays in anodic alumina,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.) 11(6), 483–487 (1999). [CrossRef]
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- A. P. Li, F. Müller, A. Birner, K. Nielsch, and U. Gösele, “Hexagonal pore arrays with a 50-420 nm interpore distance formed by self-organization in anodic alumina,” J. Appl. Phys. 84(11), 6023–6026 (1998). [CrossRef]
- H. Masuda and K. Fukuda, “Ordered metal nanohole arrays made by a two-step replication of honeycomb structures of anodic alumina,” Science 268(5216), 1466–1468 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. A. Creighton and D. G. Eadon, “Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of the colloidal metallic elements,” J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 87(24), 3881–3891 (1991). [CrossRef]
- K. Berthold, R. A. Höpfel, and E. Gornik, “Surface plasmon polariton enhanced photoconductivity of tunnel junctions in the visible,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 46(7), 626–628 (1985). [CrossRef]
- A. M. Goodman and A. Rose, “Double extraction of uniformly generated electron-hole pairs from insulators with noninjecting contacts,” J. Appl. Phys. 42(7), 2823–2830 (1971). [CrossRef]
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