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Doubly resonant optical nanoantenna arrays for polarization resolved measurements of surface-enhanced Raman scattering
J. Petschulat, D. Cialla, N. Janunts, C. Rockstuhl, U. Hübner, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, J. Popp, A. Tünnermann, F. Lederer, and T. Pertsch »View Author Affiliations
1Institute of Applied Physics, Nanooptics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max Wien Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
2Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert Einstein Stra𝛽e 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
3Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany,
4Institute of Condensed Matter Theory and Solid State Optics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max Wien Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
†joerg.petschulat@uni-jena.de
Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 5, pp. 4184-4197 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.004184
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Abstract
We report that rhomb-shaped metal nanoantenna arrays support multiple plasmonic resonances, making them favorable bio-sensing substrates. Besides the two localized plasmonic dipole modes associated with the two principle axes of the rhombi, the sample supports an additional grating-induced surface plasmon polariton resonance. The plasmonic properties of all modes are carefully studied by far-field measurements together with numerical and analytical calculations. The sample is then applied to surface-enhanced Raman scattering measurements. It is shown to be highly efficient since two plasmonic resonances of the structure were simultaneously tuned to coincide with the excitation and the emission wavelength in the SERS experiment. The analysis is completed by measuring the impact of the polarization angle on the SERS signal.
© 2010 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(240.6680) Optics at surfaces : Surface plasmons
(160.3918) Materials : Metamaterials
(250.5403) Optoelectronics : Plasmonics
(240.6695) Optics at surfaces : Surface-enhanced Raman scattering
ToC Category:
Optics at Surfaces
History
Original Manuscript: October 30, 2009
Revised Manuscript: December 14, 2009
Manuscript Accepted: December 14, 2009
Published: February 17, 2010
Virtual Issues
Vol. 5, Iss. 6 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
J. Petschulat, D. Cialla, N. Janunts, C. Rockstuhl, U. Hübner, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, J. Popp, A. Tünnermann, F. Lederer, and T. Pertsch, "Doubly resonant optical nanoantenna arrays for polarization resolved measurements of surface-enhanced Raman scattering," Opt. Express 18, 4184-4197 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-5-4184
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- T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, R. M. Cole, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Abdelsalam, S. Cintra, S. Mahajan, A. E. Russell, and P. N. Bartlett, "Localized and delocalized plasmons in metallic nanovoids," Phys. Rev. B 74(24), 245415 (2006). [CrossRef]
- T. V. Teperik, V. V. Popov, F. J. G. de Abajo, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Abdelsalem, and P. N. Bartlett, "Mie plasmon enhanced diffraction of light from nanoporous metal surfaces," Opt. Express 14(25), 11964-11971 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Teperik, V. V. Popov, F. J. Garcia de Abajo, and J. J. Baumberg, "Tunable coupling of surface plasmon polaritons and Mie plasmons on a planar surface of nanoporous metal," Phys. Stat. Solidi C 2(11), 3912 -3915 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russel, "Angle resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals," Nano. Lett. 5(11), 2262-2267 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- E. C. Le Ru, J. Grand, N. Flidj, J. Aubard, G. Levi, A. Hohenau, J. R. Krenn, E. Blackie, and P. G. Etchegoin "Experimental verification of the SERS electromagnetic bodel beyond the E4 approximation: polarization effects," J. Phys. Chem. C 112(22), 8117-8121 (2008). [CrossRef]
- E. C. Le Ru, E. Blackie, M. Meyer, and P. G. Etchegoin, "Surface enhanced Raman scattering enhancement factors: a comprehensive study," J. Phys. Chem. C 111(37), 13794-13803 (2007). [CrossRef]
- U. Hübner, R. Boucher, H. Schneidewind, D. Cialla, and J. Popp, "Microfabricated SERS-arrays with sharp edged metallic nanostructures," Microelectron. Eng. 85(8), 1792-1794 (2008). [CrossRef]
- C. Huang, A. Bouhelier, G. Colas des Francs, A. Bruyant, A. Guenot, E. Finot, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, "Gain, detuning, and radiation patterns of nanoparticle optical antennas," Phys. Rev. B. 78(15), 155407 (2008). [CrossRef]
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- V. S. Volkov, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, E. Devaux, J.-Y. Laluet, and T.W. Ebbesen, "Wavelength selective nanophotonic components utilizing channel plasmon polaritons," Nano. Lett. 7(4), 880-884 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, and T. W. Ebbesen, "Channel plasmon-polariton guiding by subwavelength metal grooves," Phys. Rev. Lett. 95(4), 046802 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. B. Lassiter, J. Aizpurura, L. I. Hernandez, D. W. Brandl, I. Romero, S. Lal, J. H. Hafner, P. Nordlander, and N. J. Halas, "Close encounters between two nanoshells," Nano. Lett. 8(4), 1212-1218 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. B. Johnson, and R. W. Christy, "Optical constants of the noble metals," Phys. Rev. B 6(12), 4370-4379 (1972). [CrossRef]
- D. Cialla, R. Siebert, U. Hübner, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, J. Petschulat, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, B. Dietzek, and J. Popp, "Ultrafast plasmon dynamics and evanescent field distribution of reproducible surface-enhanced Raman-scattering substrates," Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 394(7), 1811-1818 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Hering, D. Cialla, K. Ackermann, T. Dörfer, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, W. Fritzsche, P. Rösch, and J. Popp, "SERS: a versatile tool in chemical and biochemical diagnostics," Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 390(1), 113-124 (2008). [CrossRef]
- D. Cialla, U. Hübner, H. Schneidewind, R. Möller, and J. Popp, "Probing innovative microfabricated substrates for their reproducible SERS activity," Chem. Phys. Chem. 9(5), 758-762 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Hübner, R. Boucher, H. Schneidewind, D. Cialla, and J. Popp, "Microfabricated SERS-arrays with sharp edged metallic nanostructures," Microelectron. Eng. 85(8), 1792-1794 (2008). [CrossRef]
- S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, and A. E. Russell, "Sculpted substrates for SERS," Faraday Discuss. 132, 191-199 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, R. M. Cole, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Abdelsalam, S. Cintra, S. Mahajan, A. E. Russell, and P. N. Bartlett, "Localized and delocalized plasmons in metallic nanovoids," Phys. Rev. B 74(24), 245415 (2006). [CrossRef]
- J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russel, "Angle resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals," Nano. Lett. 5(11), 2262-2267 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, R. M. Cole, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Abdelsalam, S. Cintra, S. Mahajan, A. E. Russell, and P. N. Bartlett, "Localized and delocalized plasmons in metallic nanovoids," Phys. Rev. B 74(24), 245415 (2006). [CrossRef]
- P. N. Bartlett, J. J. Baumberg, S. Coyle, and M. E. Abdelsalam, "Optical properties of nanostructured metal films," Faraday Discuss. 125, 117-132 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. G. Albrecht, and J. A. Creighton, "Anomalously intense Raman spectra of pyridine at a silver electrode," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99(15), 5215-5217 (1977). [CrossRef]
- W. L. Barnes, A. Dereux, and T. W. Ebbesen, "Surface plasmon subwavelength optics," Nature 424(6950), 824-830 (2008). [CrossRef]
- F. Lopez-Tejeira, S. G. Rodrigo, L. Martin-Moreno, F. J. Garcia-Vidal, E. Devaux, T. W. Ebbesen, J. R. Krenn, I. P. Radko, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, M. U. Gonzalez, J. C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, "Efficient unidirectional nanoslit couplers for surface plasmons," Nat. Phys. 3(5), 324 - 328 (2007). [CrossRef]
- F. Lopez-Tejeira, S. G. Rodrigo, L. Martin-Moreno, F. J. Garcia-Vidal, E. Devaux, T. W. Ebbesen, J. R. Krenn, I. P. Radko, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, M. U. Gonzalez, J. C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, "Efficient unidirectional nanoslit couplers for surface plasmons," Nat. Phys. 3(5), 324 - 328 (2007). [CrossRef]
- V. S. Volkov, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, E. Devaux, J.-Y. Laluet, and T.W. Ebbesen, "Wavelength selective nanophotonic components utilizing channel plasmon polaritons," Nano. Lett. 7(4), 880-884 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- U. Hübner, R. Boucher, H. Schneidewind, D. Cialla, and J. Popp, "Microfabricated SERS-arrays with sharp edged metallic nanostructures," Microelectron. Eng. 85(8), 1792-1794 (2008). [CrossRef]
- F. Lopez-Tejeira, S. G. Rodrigo, L. Martin-Moreno, F. J. Garcia-Vidal, E. Devaux, T. W. Ebbesen, J. R. Krenn, I. P. Radko, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, M. U. Gonzalez, J. C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, "Efficient unidirectional nanoslit couplers for surface plasmons," Nat. Phys. 3(5), 324 - 328 (2007). [CrossRef]
- M. Rang, A. C. Jones, F. Zhou, Z.-Y. Li, B. J. Wiley, Y. Xia, and M. B. Raschke, "Optical near-field mapping of plasmonic nanoprisms," Nano. Lett. 8(10), 3357-3363 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Rang, A. C. Jones, F. Zhou, Z.-Y. Li, B. J. Wiley, Y. Xia, and M. B. Raschke, "Optical near-field mapping of plasmonic nanoprisms," Nano. Lett. 8(10), 3357-3363 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Fujimaki, Y. Iwanabe, C. Rockstuhl, X. Wang, K. Awazu, and J. Tominaga, "Surface-enhanced Raman scattering by hemi-ellipsoidal Ag nanoparticles generated from silver-oxide thin films," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46(44), 1080-1082 (2007). [CrossRef]
- F. Lopez-Tejeira, S. G. Rodrigo, L. Martin-Moreno, F. J. Garcia-Vidal, E. Devaux, T. W. Ebbesen, J. R. Krenn, I. P. Radko, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, M. U. Gonzalez, J. C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, "Efficient unidirectional nanoslit couplers for surface plasmons," Nat. Phys. 3(5), 324 - 328 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. Sanchez-Iglesias, I. Pastoriza-Santos, J. Perez-Juste, B. Rodriguez-Gonzalez, F. J. Garcia de Abajo, and L. M. Liz-Marzan, "Synthesis and optical properties of gold nanodecahedra with size control," Adv. Mater. 18(19), 2529-2534 (2006). [CrossRef]
- J. B. Lassiter, J. Aizpurura, L. I. Hernandez, D. W. Brandl, I. Romero, S. Lal, J. H. Hafner, P. Nordlander, and N. J. Halas, "Close encounters between two nanoshells," Nano. Lett. 8(4), 1212-1218 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Hering, D. Cialla, K. Ackermann, T. Dörfer, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, W. Fritzsche, P. Rösch, and J. Popp, "SERS: a versatile tool in chemical and biochemical diagnostics," Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 390(1), 113-124 (2008). [CrossRef]
- J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russel, "Angle resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals," Nano. Lett. 5(11), 2262-2267 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, and A. E. Russell, "Sculpted substrates for SERS," Faraday Discuss. 132, 191-199 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, R. M. Cole, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Abdelsalam, S. Cintra, S. Mahajan, A. E. Russell, and P. N. Bartlett, "Localized and delocalized plasmons in metallic nanovoids," Phys. Rev. B 74(24), 245415 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Sanchez-Iglesias, I. Pastoriza-Santos, J. Perez-Juste, B. Rodriguez-Gonzalez, F. J. Garcia de Abajo, and L. M. Liz-Marzan, "Synthesis and optical properties of gold nanodecahedra with size control," Adv. Mater. 18(19), 2529-2534 (2006). [CrossRef]
- L. J. Sherry, R. Jin, C. A. Mirkin, G. C. Schatz, and R. P. Van Duyne, "Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy of single silver triangular nanoprisms," Nano. Lett. 6(9), 2060-2065 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Cialla, R. Siebert, U. Hübner, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, J. Petschulat, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, B. Dietzek, and J. Popp, "Ultrafast plasmon dynamics and evanescent field distribution of reproducible surface-enhanced Raman-scattering substrates," Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 394(7), 1811-1818 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Hering, D. Cialla, K. Ackermann, T. Dörfer, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, W. Fritzsche, P. Rösch, and J. Popp, "SERS: a versatile tool in chemical and biochemical diagnostics," Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 390(1), 113-124 (2008). [CrossRef]
- D. Cialla, U. Hübner, H. Schneidewind, R. Möller, and J. Popp, "Probing innovative microfabricated substrates for their reproducible SERS activity," Chem. Phys. Chem. 9(5), 758-762 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Hübner, R. Boucher, H. Schneidewind, D. Cialla, and J. Popp, "Microfabricated SERS-arrays with sharp edged metallic nanostructures," Microelectron. Eng. 85(8), 1792-1794 (2008). [CrossRef]
- L. J. Sherry, R. Jin, C. A. Mirkin, G. C. Schatz, and R. P. Van Duyne, "Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy of single silver triangular nanoprisms," Nano. Lett. 6(9), 2060-2065 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Cialla, R. Siebert, U. Hübner, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, J. Petschulat, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, B. Dietzek, and J. Popp, "Ultrafast plasmon dynamics and evanescent field distribution of reproducible surface-enhanced Raman-scattering substrates," Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 394(7), 1811-1818 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, and A. E. Russell, "Sculpted substrates for SERS," Faraday Discuss. 132, 191-199 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, R. M. Cole, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Abdelsalam, S. Cintra, S. Mahajan, A. E. Russell, and P. N. Bartlett, "Localized and delocalized plasmons in metallic nanovoids," Phys. Rev. B 74(24), 245415 (2006). [CrossRef]
- T. V. Teperik, V. V. Popov, F. J. G. de Abajo, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Abdelsalem, and P. N. Bartlett, "Mie plasmon enhanced diffraction of light from nanoporous metal surfaces," Opt. Express 14(25), 11964-11971 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. J. Baumberg, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, S. Cintra, M. E. Abdelsalam, P. N. Bartlett, and A. E. Russel, "Angle resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on metallic nanostructured plasmonic crystals," Nano. Lett. 5(11), 2262-2267 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Teperik, V. V. Popov, F. J. G. de Abajo, T. A. Kelf, Y. Sugawara, J. J. Baumberg, M. E. Abdelsalem, and P. N. Bartlett, "Mie plasmon enhanced diffraction of light from nanoporous metal surfaces," Opt. Express 14(25), 11964-11971 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Teperik, V. V. Popov, F. J. Garcia de Abajo, M. E. Abdelsalam, and P. N. Bartlett, "Strong coupling of light to flat metals via a buried nanovoid lattice: the interplay of localized and free plasmons," Opt. Express 14(5), 1965-1972 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. V. Teperik, V. V. Popov, F. J. Garcia de Abajo, and J. J. Baumberg, "Tunable coupling of surface plasmon polaritons and Mie plasmons on a planar surface of nanoporous metal," Phys. Stat. Solidi C 2(11), 3912 -3915 (2005). [CrossRef]
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- D. Cialla, R. Siebert, U. Hübner, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, J. Petschulat, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, B. Dietzek, and J. Popp, "Ultrafast plasmon dynamics and evanescent field distribution of reproducible surface-enhanced Raman-scattering substrates," Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 394(7), 1811-1818 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. J. Sherry, R. Jin, C. A. Mirkin, G. C. Schatz, and R. P. Van Duyne, "Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy of single silver triangular nanoprisms," Nano. Lett. 6(9), 2060-2065 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- Hong Wei, Feng Hao, Yingzhou Huang, Wenzhong Wang, P. Nordlander, and Hongxing Xu, "Polarization dependence of surface-enhanced Raman scattering in gold nanoparticle-nanowire systems," Nano. Lett. 8(8), 2497-2502 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- Hong Wei, Feng Hao, Yingzhou Huang, Wenzhong Wang, P. Nordlander, and Hongxing Xu, "Polarization dependence of surface-enhanced Raman scattering in gold nanoparticle-nanowire systems," Nano. Lett. 8(8), 2497-2502 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Adv. Mater.
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Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
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Chem. Phys. Chem.
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J. Phys. Chem. B
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J. Phys. Chem. C
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Microelectron. Eng.
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Nano. Lett.
- Hong Wei, Feng Hao, Yingzhou Huang, Wenzhong Wang, P. Nordlander, and Hongxing Xu, "Polarization dependence of surface-enhanced Raman scattering in gold nanoparticle-nanowire systems," Nano. Lett. 8(8), 2497-2502 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- E. Verhagen, L. Kuipers, and A. Polman, "Enhanced nonlinear optical effects with a tapered plasmonic waveguide," Nano. Lett. 7(2), 334-337 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. J. Sherry, R. Jin, C. A. Mirkin, G. C. Schatz, and R. P. Van Duyne, "Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy of single silver triangular nanoprisms," Nano. Lett. 6(9), 2060-2065 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Nat. Phys.
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Nature
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Opt. Express
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Phys. Rev. B
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Phys. Rev. B.
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Phys. Rev. Lett.
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Phys. Stat. Solidi C
- T. V. Teperik, V. V. Popov, F. J. Garcia de Abajo, and J. J. Baumberg, "Tunable coupling of surface plasmon polaritons and Mie plasmons on a planar surface of nanoporous metal," Phys. Stat. Solidi C 2(11), 3912 -3915 (2005). [CrossRef]
Science
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- Our measurement setup for transmission is represented by the commercially available far-field spectrometer λ 950 from Perkin Elmer.www.perkinelmer.com.
- We utilized the commercially available FDTD solver FullWave distributed by RSoftdesign.www.rsoftdesign.com.
2009, Cialla, Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
- D. Cialla, R. Siebert, U. Hübner, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, J. Petschulat, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, B. Dietzek, and J. Popp, "Ultrafast plasmon dynamics and evanescent field distribution of reproducible surface-enhanced Raman-scattering substrates," Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 394(7), 1811-1818 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. J. Lee, J. M. Baik, and M. Moskovits, "Polarization-dependent surface-enhanced Raman scattering from a silver-nanoparticle-decorated single silver nanowire," Nano. Lett. 8(10), 3244-3247 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Cialla, U. Hübner, H. Schneidewind, R. Möller, and J. Popp, "Probing innovative microfabricated substrates for their reproducible SERS activity," Chem. Phys. Chem. 9(5), 758-762 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Hering, D. Cialla, K. Ackermann, T. Dörfer, R. Möller, H. Schneidewind, R. Mattheis, W. Fritzsche, P. Rösch, and J. Popp, "SERS: a versatile tool in chemical and biochemical diagnostics," Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 390(1), 113-124 (2008). [CrossRef]
- M. Rang, A. C. Jones, F. Zhou, Z.-Y. Li, B. J. Wiley, Y. Xia, and M. B. Raschke, "Optical near-field mapping of plasmonic nanoprisms," Nano. Lett. 8(10), 3357-3363 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. L. Barnes, A. Dereux, and T. W. Ebbesen, "Surface plasmon subwavelength optics," Nature 424(6950), 824-830 (2008). [CrossRef]
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