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Near-field signature of electromagnetic coupling in metamaterial arrays: a terahertz microscopy studyJan Wallauer, Andreas Bitzer, Stefan Waselikowski, and Markus Walther »View Author Affiliations
Jan Wallauer,*
Andreas Bitzer,
Stefan Waselikowski,
and Markus Walther
Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
*Corresponding author: jan.wallauer@fmf.uni-freiburg.de |
Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 18, pp. 17283-17292 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.017283
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Abstract
Using terahertz near-field imaging we experimentally investigate the interaction between split-ring resonators (SRRs) in metamaterial arrays. Depending on the inter-SRR spacing two regimes can be distinguished for which strong coupling between SRRs occurs. For dense arrays SRRs couple via their electric and magnetic near-fields. In this case distinct deformations of the SRRs’ characteristic near-field patterns are observed as a signature of their strong interaction. For larger separations with a periodicity matching the resonance wavelength, the SRRs become diffractively coupled via their radiated fields. In this regime hybridization between plasmonic and lattice modes can be clearly identified in the experimentally obtained near-field maps.
© 2011 OSA
OCIS Codes
(160.3918) Materials : Metamaterials
(180.4243) Microscopy : Near-field microscopy
(300.6495) Spectroscopy : Spectroscopy, teraherz
ToC Category:
Metamaterials
History
Original Manuscript: May 27, 2011
Revised Manuscript: July 13, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: July 20, 2011
Published: August 18, 2011
Virtual Issues
Vol. 6, Iss. 9 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
Jan Wallauer, Andreas Bitzer, Stefan Waselikowski, and Markus Walther, "Near-field signature of electromagnetic coupling in metamaterial arrays: a terahertz microscopy study," Opt. Express 19, 17283-17292 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-18-17283
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References
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- G. Vecchi, V. Giannini, and J. G. Rivas, “Surface modes in plasmonic crystals induced by diffractive coupling of nanoantennas,” Phys. Rev. B 80(20), 201401 (2009). [CrossRef]
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- N. Liu, S. Kaiser, and H. Giessen, “Magnetoinductive and electroinductive coupling in plasmonic metamaterial molecules,” Adv. Mater. 20(23), 4521–4525 (2008). [CrossRef]
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- H. C. Guo, N. Liu, L. W. Fu, T. P. Meyrath, T. Zentgraf, H. Schweizer, and H. Giessen, “Resonance hybridization in double split-ring resonator metamaterials,” Opt. Express 15(19), 12095–12101 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Rockstuhl, T. Zentgraf, H. Guo, N. Liu, C. Etrich, I. Loa, K. Syassen, J. Kuhl, F. Lederer, and H. Giessen, “Resonances of split-ring resonator metamaterials in the near infrared,” Appl. Phys. B 84(1–2), 219–227 (2006). [CrossRef]
- S. Linden, J. Kuhl, and H. Giessen, “Controlling the interaction between light and gold nanoparticles: Selective suppression of extinction,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(20), 4688–4691 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- V. G. Kravets, F. Schedin, and A. N. Grigorenko, “Extremely narrow plasmon resonances based on diffraction coupling of localized plasmons in arrays of metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(8), 087403 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Rockstuhl, T. Zentgraf, H. Guo, N. Liu, C. Etrich, I. Loa, K. Syassen, J. Kuhl, F. Lederer, and H. Giessen, “Resonances of split-ring resonator metamaterials in the near infrared,” Appl. Phys. B 84(1–2), 219–227 (2006). [CrossRef]
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- H. C. Guo, N. Liu, L. W. Fu, T. P. Meyrath, T. Zentgraf, H. Schweizer, and H. Giessen, “Resonance hybridization in double split-ring resonator metamaterials,” Opt. Express 15(19), 12095–12101 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Bitzer, J. Wallauer, H. Helm, H. Merbold, T. Feurer, and M. Walther, “Lattice modes mediate radiative coupling in metamaterial arrays,” Opt. Express 17(24), 22108–22113 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Bitzer, H. Merbold, A. Thoman, T. Feurer, H. Helm, and M. Walther, “Terahertz near-field imaging of electric and magnetic resonances of a planar metamaterial,” Opt. Express 17(5), 3826–3834 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, “Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47(11), 2075–2084 (1999). [CrossRef]
- M. A. Seo, A. J. L. Adam, J. H. Kang, J. W. Lee, S. C. Jeoung, Q. H. Park, P. C. M. Planken, and D. S. Kim, “Fourier-transform terahertz near-field imaging of one-dimensional slit arrays: mapping of electric-field-, magnetic-field-, and Poynting vectors,” Opt. Express 15(19), 11781–11789 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Liu, S. Kaiser, and H. Giessen, “Magnetoinductive and electroinductive coupling in plasmonic metamaterial molecules,” Adv. Mater. 20(23), 4521–4525 (2008). [CrossRef]
- N. Liu, H. C. Guo, L. W. Fu, S. Kaiser, H. Schweizer, and H. Giessen, “Three-dimensional photonic metamaterials at optical frequencies,” Nat. Mater. 7(1), 31–37 (2008). [CrossRef]
- A. J. L. Adam, J. M. Brok, M. A. Seo, K. J. Ahn, D. S. Kim, J. H. Kang, Q. H. Park, M. Nagel, and P. C. M. Planken, “Advanced terahertz electric near-field measurements at sub-wavelength diameter metallic apertures,” Opt. Express 16(10), 7407–7417 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. A. Seo, A. J. L. Adam, J. H. Kang, J. W. Lee, S. C. Jeoung, Q. H. Park, P. C. M. Planken, and D. S. Kim, “Fourier-transform terahertz near-field imaging of one-dimensional slit arrays: mapping of electric-field-, magnetic-field-, and Poynting vectors,” Opt. Express 15(19), 11781–11789 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. R. Knab, A. J. L. Adam, M. Nagel, E. Shaner, M. A. Seo, D. S. Kim, and P. C. M. Planken, “Terahertz near-field vectorial imaging of subwavelength apertures and aperture arrays,” Opt. Express 17(17), 15072–15086 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. J. L. Adam, J. M. Brok, M. A. Seo, K. J. Ahn, D. S. Kim, J. H. Kang, Q. H. Park, M. Nagel, and P. C. M. Planken, “Advanced terahertz electric near-field measurements at sub-wavelength diameter metallic apertures,” Opt. Express 16(10), 7407–7417 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. A. Seo, A. J. L. Adam, J. H. Kang, J. W. Lee, S. C. Jeoung, Q. H. Park, P. C. M. Planken, and D. S. Kim, “Fourier-transform terahertz near-field imaging of one-dimensional slit arrays: mapping of electric-field-, magnetic-field-, and Poynting vectors,” Opt. Express 15(19), 11781–11789 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. Boudarham, N. Feth, V. Myroshnychenko, S. Linden, J. G. de Abajo, M. Wegener, and M. Kociak, “Spectral imaging of individual split-ring resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(25), 255501 (2010). [CrossRef]
- I. Sersic, M. Frimmer, E. Verhagen, and A. F. Koenderink, “Electric and magnetic dipole coupling in near-infrared split-ring metamaterial arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103(21), 213902 (2009). [CrossRef]
- V. G. Kravets, F. Schedin, and A. N. Grigorenko, “Extremely narrow plasmon resonances based on diffraction coupling of localized plasmons in arrays of metallic nanoparticles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(8), 087403 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Rockstuhl, T. Zentgraf, H. Guo, N. Liu, C. Etrich, I. Loa, K. Syassen, J. Kuhl, F. Lederer, and H. Giessen, “Resonances of split-ring resonator metamaterials in the near infrared,” Appl. Phys. B 84(1–2), 219–227 (2006). [CrossRef]
- S. Linden, J. Kuhl, and H. Giessen, “Controlling the interaction between light and gold nanoparticles: Selective suppression of extinction,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(20), 4688–4691 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Burresi, D. Diessel, D. van Oosten, S. Linden, M. Wegener, and L. Kuipers, “Negative-index metamaterials: looking into the unit cell,” Nano Lett. 10(7), 2480–2483 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Adv. Mater.
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Appl. Opt.
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Appl. Phys. B
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Appl. Phys. Lett.
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IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech.
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J. Infrared Milli. Terahz. Waves
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Nat. Mater.
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Nat. Photonics
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Opt. Express
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