We present a holographic system that can be used to manipulate the group velocity of light pulses. The proposed structure is based on the multiplexing of two sequential holographic volume gratings, one in transmission and the other in reflection geometry, where one of the recording beams must be the same for both structures. As in other systems such as grating induced transparency (GIT) or coupled-resonator-induced transparency (CRIT), by using the coupled wave theory it is shown that this holographic structure represents a classical analogue of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Analytical expressions were obtained for the transmittance induced at the forbidden band (spectral hole) and conditions where the group velocity was slowed down were analyzed. Moreover, the propagation of Gaussian pulses is analyzed for this system by obtaining, after further approximations, analytical expressions for the distortion of the transmitted field. As a result, we demonstrate the conditions where the transmitted pulse is slowed down and its shape is only slightly distorted. Finally, by comparing with the exact solutions obtained, the range of validity of all the analytical formulae was verified, demonstrating that the error is very low.

© 2011 OSA

1. R. Boyd, O. Hess, C. Denz, and E. Paspalkalis, “Slow light,” J. Opt. 12(10), 100301 (2010). [CrossRef]
2. J. B. Khurgin, “Optical buffers based on slow light in electromagnetically induced transparent media and coupled resonator structures: comparative analysis,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 22, 1062–1074 (2005). [CrossRef]
3. F. N. Xia, L. Sekaric, and Y. Vlasov, “Ultracompact optical buffers on a silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics 1(1), 65–71 (2007). [CrossRef]
4. Z. Shi, R. W. Boyd, R. M. Camacho, P. K. Vudyasetu, and J. C. Howell, “Slow-light fourier transform interferometer,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(24), 240801 (2007). [CrossRef]
5. Z. M. Shi, R. W. Boyd, D. J. Gauthier, and C. C. Dudley, “Enhancing the spectral sensitivity of interferometers using slow-light media,” Opt. Lett. 32(8), 915–917 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. R. Boyd and D. J. Gauthier, ““Slow” and “fast” light,” in Progress in Optics , E. Wolf, ed., (Elsevier, 2002) vol. 43, chap. 6, pp. 497–530. [CrossRef]
7. L. V. Hau, S. E. Harris, Z. Dutton, and C. H. Behroozi, “Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas,” Nature 397(6720), 594–598 (1999). [CrossRef]
8. A. Kasapi, M. Jain, G. y. Yin, and S. E. Harris, “Electromagnetically induced transparency - propagation dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 74(13), 2447–2450 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
9. M. D. Lukin, “Colloquium: Trapping and manipulating photon states in atomic ensembles,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 75(2), 457–472 (2003). [CrossRef]
10. L. V. Hau, “Optical information processing in Bose-Einstein condensates,” Nat. Photonics 2(8), 451–453 (2008). [CrossRef]
11. M. S. Bigelow, N. N. Lepeshkin, and R. W. Boyd, “Superluminal and slow light propagation in a room-temperature solid,” Science 301(5630), 200–202 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
12. M. S. Bigelow, N. N. Lepeshkin, and R. W. Boyd, “Observation of ultraslow light propagation in a ruby crystal at room temperature,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(11), 113903 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
13. R. M. Camacho, M. V. Pack, and J. C. Howell, “Low-distortion slow light using two absorption resonances,” Phys. Rev. A 73(6), 063812 (2006). [CrossRef]
14. R. M. Camacho, C. J. Broadbent, I. Ali-Khan, and J. C. Howell, “All-optical delay of images using slow light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 043902 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
15. Y. A. Vlasov, M. O’Boyle, H. F. Hamann, and S. J. McNab, “Active control of slow light on a chip with photonic crystal waveguides,” Nature 438(7064), 65–69 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
16. T. Baba, “Slow light in photonic crystals,” Nat. Photonics 2(8), 465–473 (2008). [CrossRef]
17. M. Notomi, “Manipulating light with strongly modulated photonic crystals,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 73(9), 096501 (2010). [CrossRef]
18. A. Yariv, Y. Xu, R. K. Lee, and A. Scherer, “Coupled-resonator optical waveguide: a proposal and analysis,” Opt. Lett. 24(11), 711–713 (1999). [CrossRef]
19. D. D. Smith, H. Chang, K. A. Fuller, A. T. Rosenberger, and R. W. Boyd, “Coupled-resonator-induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. A 69(6), 063804 (2004). [CrossRef]
20. Z. M. Zhu, A. M. C. Dawes, D. J. Gauthier, L. Zhang, and A. E. Willner, “Broadband SBS slow light in an optical fiber,” J. Lightwave Technol. 25(1), 201–206 (2007). [CrossRef]
21. L. Thevenaz, “Slow and fast light in optical fibres,” Nat. Photonics 2(8), 474–481 (2008). [CrossRef]
22. S. E. Harris, “Electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Today 50(7), 36–42 (1997). [CrossRef]
23. M. F. Yanik, W. Suh, Z. Wang, and S. H. Fan, “Stopping light in a waveguide with an all-optical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(23), 233903 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
24. K. Totsuka, N. Kobayashi, and M. Tomita, “Slow light in coupled-resonator-induced transparency.” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(21), 213904 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
25. H. C. Liu and A. Yariv, “Grating induced transparency (GIT) and the dark mode in optical waveguides,” Opt. Express 17(14), 11710–11718 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
26. H. Kogelnik, “Coupled wave theory for thick hologram gratings,” Bell Syst. Tech. J. 48(9), 2909–2945 (1969).
27. B. Macke and B. Segard, “Propagation of light-pulses at a negative group-velocity,” Eur. Phys. J. D 23, 125–141 (2003). [CrossRef]

Bell Syst. Tech. J.

• H. Kogelnik, “Coupled wave theory for thick hologram gratings,” Bell Syst. Tech. J. 48(9), 2909–2945 (1969).

Eur. Phys. J. D

• B. Macke and B. Segard, “Propagation of light-pulses at a negative group-velocity,” Eur. Phys. J. D 23, 125–141 (2003). [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

• Z. M. Zhu, A. M. C. Dawes, D. J. Gauthier, L. Zhang, and A. E. Willner, “Broadband SBS slow light in an optical fiber,” J. Lightwave Technol. 25(1), 201–206 (2007). [CrossRef]

J. Opt.

• R. Boyd, O. Hess, C. Denz, and E. Paspalkalis, “Slow light,” J. Opt. 12(10), 100301 (2010). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

• J. B. Khurgin, “Optical buffers based on slow light in electromagnetically induced transparent media and coupled resonator structures: comparative analysis,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 22, 1062–1074 (2005). [CrossRef]

Nat. Photonics

• F. N. Xia, L. Sekaric, and Y. Vlasov, “Ultracompact optical buffers on a silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics 1(1), 65–71 (2007). [CrossRef]
• L. V. Hau, “Optical information processing in Bose-Einstein condensates,” Nat. Photonics 2(8), 451–453 (2008). [CrossRef]
• T. Baba, “Slow light in photonic crystals,” Nat. Photonics 2(8), 465–473 (2008). [CrossRef]
• L. Thevenaz, “Slow and fast light in optical fibres,” Nat. Photonics 2(8), 474–481 (2008). [CrossRef]

Nature

• Y. A. Vlasov, M. O’Boyle, H. F. Hamann, and S. J. McNab, “Active control of slow light on a chip with photonic crystal waveguides,” Nature 438(7064), 65–69 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• L. V. Hau, S. E. Harris, Z. Dutton, and C. H. Behroozi, “Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas,” Nature 397(6720), 594–598 (1999). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

• H. C. Liu and A. Yariv, “Grating induced transparency (GIT) and the dark mode in optical waveguides,” Opt. Express 17(14), 11710–11718 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett.

• A. Yariv, Y. Xu, R. K. Lee, and A. Scherer, “Coupled-resonator optical waveguide: a proposal and analysis,” Opt. Lett. 24(11), 711–713 (1999). [CrossRef]
• Z. M. Shi, R. W. Boyd, D. J. Gauthier, and C. C. Dudley, “Enhancing the spectral sensitivity of interferometers using slow-light media,” Opt. Lett. 32(8), 915–917 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. A

• R. M. Camacho, M. V. Pack, and J. C. Howell, “Low-distortion slow light using two absorption resonances,” Phys. Rev. A 73(6), 063812 (2006). [CrossRef]
• D. D. Smith, H. Chang, K. A. Fuller, A. T. Rosenberger, and R. W. Boyd, “Coupled-resonator-induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. A 69(6), 063804 (2004). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

• M. F. Yanik, W. Suh, Z. Wang, and S. H. Fan, “Stopping light in a waveguide with an all-optical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(23), 233903 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• K. Totsuka, N. Kobayashi, and M. Tomita, “Slow light in coupled-resonator-induced transparency.” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98(21), 213904 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• R. M. Camacho, C. J. Broadbent, I. Ali-Khan, and J. C. Howell, “All-optical delay of images using slow light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 043902 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• M. S. Bigelow, N. N. Lepeshkin, and R. W. Boyd, “Observation of ultraslow light propagation in a ruby crystal at room temperature,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(11), 113903 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• A. Kasapi, M. Jain, G. y. Yin, and S. E. Harris, “Electromagnetically induced transparency - propagation dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 74(13), 2447–2450 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• Z. Shi, R. W. Boyd, R. M. Camacho, P. K. Vudyasetu, and J. C. Howell, “Slow-light fourier transform interferometer,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99(24), 240801 (2007). [CrossRef]

Phys. Today

• S. E. Harris, “Electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Today 50(7), 36–42 (1997). [CrossRef]

Rep. Prog. Phys.

• M. Notomi, “Manipulating light with strongly modulated photonic crystals,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 73(9), 096501 (2010). [CrossRef]

Rev. Mod. Phys.

• M. D. Lukin, “Colloquium: Trapping and manipulating photon states in atomic ensembles,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 75(2), 457–472 (2003). [CrossRef]

Science

• M. S. Bigelow, N. N. Lepeshkin, and R. W. Boyd, “Superluminal and slow light propagation in a room-temperature solid,” Science 301(5630), 200–202 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Other

• R. Boyd and D. J. Gauthier, ““Slow” and “fast” light,” in Progress in Optics , E. Wolf, ed., (Elsevier, 2002) vol. 43, chap. 6, pp. 497–530. [CrossRef]

Click here to see a list of articles that cite this paper

Related Journal Articles

• Multilayer volume holographic optical memory (OL)
• Electric-Field Multiplexing of Volume Holograms in Paraelectric Crystals (AO)
• Cross-talk Noise and Storage Capacity of Holographic Memories with a LiNbO₃ Crystal in the Open-Circuit Condition (AO)
• Angular and Speckle Multiplexing of Photorefractive Holograms by use of Fiber Speckle Patterns (AO)
• Holographic data storage: optimized scheduling using the nonlocal polymerization-driven diffusion model (JOSAB)

Related Conference Papers

• Photonic Crystal with Diamond-like Structure Fabricated by Holographic Lithography
• Demonstration of a parallel-access holographic RAM using the super-parallel holographic optical correlator architecture
• Performance optimization of volume gratings with finite size through numerical simulation
• 2-D Laplace Approach to Beam Shaping and Distortion for 90-Degree Holographic Recording and Readout
• Holographic Data Storage Simulator for the Collinear Optical System Using Shift Correlation Multiplexing