Femtosecond laser filament-fringes in fused silica

doi:10.1364/OE.19.007799

Femtosecond laser filament-fringes in fused silica

Zuoqiang Hao, Kamil Stelmaszczyk, Philipp Rohwetter, Walter M. Nakaema, and Ludger Woeste »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 8, pp. 7799-7806 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.007799

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Abstract

Linear diffraction was used to modulate intensity distribution across the femtosecond laser beam to create quasi regular arrays of filaments in fused silica. A fringe type of filament distributions (filament-fringe) were formed that could be controlled and observed over a distance of several millimeters. The difference of supercontinuum (SC) emission between individual filaments was also observed.

OCIS Codes
(190.4720) Nonlinear optics : Optical nonlinearities of condensed matter
(260.5950) Physical optics : Self-focusing
(320.2250) Ultrafast optics : Femtosecond phenomena

ToC Category:
Nonlinear Optics

History
Original Manuscript: January 26, 2011
Revised Manuscript: March 7, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: March 7, 2011
Published: April 7, 2011

Citation
Zuoqiang Hao, Kamil Stelmaszczyk, Philipp Rohwetter, Walter M. Nakaema, and Ludger Woeste, "Femtosecond laser filament-fringes in fused silica," Opt. Express 19, 7799-7806 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-8-7799

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References

D. Du, X. Liu, G. Korn, J. Squier, and G. Mourou, “Laser-induced breakdown by impact ionization in SiO2 with pulse widths from 7 ns to 150 fs,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 64(23), 3071–3073 (1994). [CrossRef]
K. M. Davis, K. Miura, N. Sugimoto, and K. Hirao, “Writing waveguides in glass with a femtosecond laser,” Opt. Lett. 21(21), 1729–1731 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Homoelle, S. Wielandy, A. L. Gaeta, N. F. Borrelli, and C. Smith, “Infrared photosensitivity in silica glasses exposed to femtosecond laser pulses,” Opt. Lett. 24(18), 1311–1313 (1999). [CrossRef]
L. Sudrie, A. Couairon, M. Franco, B. Lamouroux, B. Prade, S. Tzortzakis, and A. Mysyrowicz, “Femtosecond laser-induced damage and filamentary propagation in fused silica,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 89(18), 186601 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L. Bergé, S. Mauger, and S. Skupin, “Multifilamentation of powerful optical pulses in silica,” Phys. Rev. A 81(1), 013817 (2010). [CrossRef]
Q. Sun, H. Asahi, Y. Nishijima, N. Murazawa, K. Ueno, and H. Misawa, “Pulse duration dependent nonlinear propagation of a focused femtosecond laser pulse in fused silica,” Opt. Express 18(24), 24495–24503 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-18-24-24495 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. P. Bérubé, R. Vallée, M. Bernier, O. Kosareva, N. Panov, V. Kandidov, and S. L. Chin, “Self and forced periodic arrangement of multiple filaments in glass,” Opt. Express 18(3), 1801–1819 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-18-3-1801 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. Toma, Y. Furuya, W. Watanabe, K. Itoh, J. Nishii, and K. Hayashi, “Estimation of the refractive index change in glass induced by femtosecond laser pulses,” Opt. Rev. 7(1), 14–17 (2000). [CrossRef]
A. Saliminia, N. T. Nguyen, M. Nadeau, S. Petit, S. L. Chin, and R. Vallee, “Writing optical waveguides in fused silica using 1 kHz femtosecond infrared pulses,” J. Appl. Phys. 93(7), 3724–3728 (2003). [CrossRef]
C. Mauclair, G. Cheng, N. Huot, E. Audouard, A. Rosenfeld, I. V. Hertel, and R. Stoian, “Dynamic ultrafast laser spatial tailoring for parallel micromachining of photonic devices in transparent materials,” Opt. Express 17(5), 3531–3542 (2009), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-17-5-3531 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Méndez, J. Vazquez de Aldana, G. Torchia, and L. Roso, “Optical waveguide arrays induced in fused silica by void-like defects using femtosecond laser pulses,” Appl. Phys. B 86(2), 343–346 (2007). [CrossRef]
S. Nolte, M. Will, J. Burghoff, and A. Tuennermann, “Femtosecond waveguide writing: a new avenue to three-dimensional integrated optics,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 77(1), 109–111 (2003). [CrossRef]
H. Sun, Y. Xu, S. Matsuo, and H. Misawa, “Microfabrication and characteristics of two-dimensional photonic crystal structures in vitreous silica,” Opt. Rev. 6(5), 396–398 (1999). [CrossRef]
O. G. Kosareva, T. Nguyen, N. A. Panov, W. Liu, A. Saliminia, V. P. Kandidov, N. Akozbek, M. Scalora, R. Vallee, and S. L. Chin, “Array of femtosecond plasma channels in fused silica,” Opt. Commun. 267(2), 511–523 (2006). [CrossRef]
T. D. Grow and A. L. Gaeta, “Dependence of multiple filamentation on beam ellipticity,” Opt. Express 13(12), 4594–4599 (2005), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-13-12-4594 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Majus, V. Jukna, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Generation of periodic filament arrays by self-focusing of highly elliptical ultrashort pulsed laser beams,” Phys. Rev. A 79(3), 033843 (2009). [CrossRef]
P. Rohwetter, M. Queißer, K. Stelmaszczyk, M. Fechner, and L. Wöste, “Laser multiple filamentation control in air using a smooth phase mask,” Phys. Rev. A 77(1), 013812 (2008). [CrossRef]
Z. Q. Hao, J. Zhang, T. T. Xi, X. H. Yuan, Z. Y. Zheng, X. Lu, M. Y. Yu, Y. T. Li, Z. H. Wang, W. Zhao, and Z. Y. Wei, “Optimization of multiple filamentation of femtosecond laser pulses in air using a pinhole,” Opt. Express 15(24), 16102–16109 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-24-16102 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. F. Daigle, O. Kosareva, N. Panov, M. Begin, F. Lessard, C. Marceau, Y. Kamali, G. Roy, V. P. Kandidov, and S. L. Chin, “A simple method to significantly increase filaments’ length and ionization density,” Appl. Phys. B 94(2), 249–257 (2009). [CrossRef]
A. J. Campillo, S. L. Shapiro, and B. R. Suydam, “Periodic breakup of optical beams due to self-focusing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 23(11), 628–630 (1973). [CrossRef]
K. Cook, A. K. Kar, and R. A. Lamb, “White-light filaments induced by diffraction effects,” Opt. Express 13(6), 2025–2031 (2005), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-13-6-2025 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
X. Ni, C. Wang, X. Liang, M. AL-Rubaiee, and R. R. Alfano, “Fresnel diffraction supercontinuum generation,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 10(5), 1229–1232 (2004). [CrossRef]
W. Liu and S. L. Chin, “Direct measurement of the critical power of femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser pulse in air,” Opt. Express 13(15), 5750–5755 (2005), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-13-15-5750 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. K. Dharmadhikari, J. A. Dharmadhikari, and D. Mathur, “Visualization of focusing-refocusing cycles during filamentation in BaF2,” Appl. Phys. B 94(2), 259–263 (2009). [CrossRef]
J. J. Yang and G. G. Mu, “Multi-dimensional observation of white-light filaments generated by femtosecond laser pulses in condensed medium,” Opt. Express 15(8), 4943–4952 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-8-4943 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
W. Liu, S. L. Chin, O. Kosareva, I. S. Golubtsov, and V. P. Kandidov, “Multiple refocusing of a femtosecond laser pulse in a dispersive liquid (methanol),” Opt. Commun. 225(1-3), 193–209 (2003). [CrossRef]
A. E. Dormidonov, V. P. Kandidov, V. O. Kompanets, and S. V. Chekalin, “Interference effects in the conical emission of a femtosecond filament in fused silica,” JETP Lett. 91(8), 373–377 (2010). [CrossRef]
A. Couairon and A. Mysyrowicz, “Femtosecond filamentation in transparent media,” Phys. Rep. 441(2-4), 47–189 (2007). [CrossRef]
W. Ying, L. Yu-Hua, and L. Pei-Xiang, “Infrared femtosecond laser direct-writing digital volume gratings in fused silica,” Chin. Phys. Lett. 27(4), 044213 (2010). [CrossRef]
X. J. Fang and T. Kobayashi, “Evolution of a super-broadened spectrum in a filament generated by an ultrashort intense laser pulse in fused silica,” Appl. Phys. B 77(2-3), 167–170 (2003). [CrossRef]
K. Stelmaszczyk, P. Rohwetter, Y. Petit, M. Fechner, J. Kasparian, J.-P. Wolf, and L. Wöste, “White-light symmetrization by the interaction of multifilamenting beams,” Phys. Rev. A 79(5), 053856 (2009). [CrossRef]
http://www.pishaper.com .

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[1] D. Du, X. Liu, G. Korn, J. Squier, and G. Mourou, “Laser-induced breakdown by impact ionization in SiO2 with pulse widths from 7 ns to 150 fs,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 64(23), 3071–3073 (1994). [CrossRef]

[2] K. M. Davis, K. Miura, N. Sugimoto, and K. Hirao, “Writing waveguides in glass with a femtosecond laser,” Opt. Lett. 21(21), 1729–1731 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[3] D. Homoelle, S. Wielandy, A. L. Gaeta, N. F. Borrelli, and C. Smith, “Infrared photosensitivity in silica glasses exposed to femtosecond laser pulses,” Opt. Lett. 24(18), 1311–1313 (1999). [CrossRef]

[4] L. Sudrie, A. Couairon, M. Franco, B. Lamouroux, B. Prade, S. Tzortzakis, and A. Mysyrowicz, “Femtosecond laser-induced damage and filamentary propagation in fused silica,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 89(18), 186601 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] L. Bergé, S. Mauger, and S. Skupin, “Multifilamentation of powerful optical pulses in silica,” Phys. Rev. A 81(1), 013817 (2010). [CrossRef]

[6] Q. Sun, H. Asahi, Y. Nishijima, N. Murazawa, K. Ueno, and H. Misawa, “Pulse duration dependent nonlinear propagation of a focused femtosecond laser pulse in fused silica,” Opt. Express 18(24), 24495–24503 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-18-24-24495 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] J. P. Bérubé, R. Vallée, M. Bernier, O. Kosareva, N. Panov, V. Kandidov, and S. L. Chin, “Self and forced periodic arrangement of multiple filaments in glass,” Opt. Express 18(3), 1801–1819 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-18-3-1801 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[8] T. Toma, Y. Furuya, W. Watanabe, K. Itoh, J. Nishii, and K. Hayashi, “Estimation of the refractive index change in glass induced by femtosecond laser pulses,” Opt. Rev. 7(1), 14–17 (2000). [CrossRef]

[9] A. Saliminia, N. T. Nguyen, M. Nadeau, S. Petit, S. L. Chin, and R. Vallee, “Writing optical waveguides in fused silica using 1 kHz femtosecond infrared pulses,” J. Appl. Phys. 93(7), 3724–3728 (2003). [CrossRef]

[10] C. Mauclair, G. Cheng, N. Huot, E. Audouard, A. Rosenfeld, I. V. Hertel, and R. Stoian, “Dynamic ultrafast laser spatial tailoring for parallel micromachining of photonic devices in transparent materials,” Opt. Express 17(5), 3531–3542 (2009), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-17-5-3531 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] C. Méndez, J. Vazquez de Aldana, G. Torchia, and L. Roso, “Optical waveguide arrays induced in fused silica by void-like defects using femtosecond laser pulses,” Appl. Phys. B 86(2), 343–346 (2007). [CrossRef]

[12] S. Nolte, M. Will, J. Burghoff, and A. Tuennermann, “Femtosecond waveguide writing: a new avenue to three-dimensional integrated optics,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 77(1), 109–111 (2003). [CrossRef]

[13] H. Sun, Y. Xu, S. Matsuo, and H. Misawa, “Microfabrication and characteristics of two-dimensional photonic crystal structures in vitreous silica,” Opt. Rev. 6(5), 396–398 (1999). [CrossRef]

[14] O. G. Kosareva, T. Nguyen, N. A. Panov, W. Liu, A. Saliminia, V. P. Kandidov, N. Akozbek, M. Scalora, R. Vallee, and S. L. Chin, “Array of femtosecond plasma channels in fused silica,” Opt. Commun. 267(2), 511–523 (2006). [CrossRef]

[15] T. D. Grow and A. L. Gaeta, “Dependence of multiple filamentation on beam ellipticity,” Opt. Express 13(12), 4594–4599 (2005), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-13-12-4594 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[16] D. Majus, V. Jukna, G. Valiulis, and A. Dubietis, “Generation of periodic filament arrays by self-focusing of highly elliptical ultrashort pulsed laser beams,” Phys. Rev. A 79(3), 033843 (2009). [CrossRef]

[17] P. Rohwetter, M. Queißer, K. Stelmaszczyk, M. Fechner, and L. Wöste, “Laser multiple filamentation control in air using a smooth phase mask,” Phys. Rev. A 77(1), 013812 (2008). [CrossRef]

[18] Z. Q. Hao, J. Zhang, T. T. Xi, X. H. Yuan, Z. Y. Zheng, X. Lu, M. Y. Yu, Y. T. Li, Z. H. Wang, W. Zhao, and Z. Y. Wei, “Optimization of multiple filamentation of femtosecond laser pulses in air using a pinhole,” Opt. Express 15(24), 16102–16109 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-24-16102 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[19] J. F. Daigle, O. Kosareva, N. Panov, M. Begin, F. Lessard, C. Marceau, Y. Kamali, G. Roy, V. P. Kandidov, and S. L. Chin, “A simple method to significantly increase filaments’ length and ionization density,” Appl. Phys. B 94(2), 249–257 (2009). [CrossRef]

[20] A. J. Campillo, S. L. Shapiro, and B. R. Suydam, “Periodic breakup of optical beams due to self-focusing,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 23(11), 628–630 (1973). [CrossRef]

[21] K. Cook, A. K. Kar, and R. A. Lamb, “White-light filaments induced by diffraction effects,” Opt. Express 13(6), 2025–2031 (2005), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-13-6-2025 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[22] X. Ni, C. Wang, X. Liang, M. AL-Rubaiee, and R. R. Alfano, “Fresnel diffraction supercontinuum generation,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 10(5), 1229–1232 (2004). [CrossRef]

[23] W. Liu and S. L. Chin, “Direct measurement of the critical power of femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser pulse in air,” Opt. Express 13(15), 5750–5755 (2005), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-13-15-5750 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[24] A. K. Dharmadhikari, J. A. Dharmadhikari, and D. Mathur, “Visualization of focusing-refocusing cycles during filamentation in BaF2,” Appl. Phys. B 94(2), 259–263 (2009). [CrossRef]

[25] J. J. Yang and G. G. Mu, “Multi-dimensional observation of white-light filaments generated by femtosecond laser pulses in condensed medium,” Opt. Express 15(8), 4943–4952 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-8-4943 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[26] W. Liu, S. L. Chin, O. Kosareva, I. S. Golubtsov, and V. P. Kandidov, “Multiple refocusing of a femtosecond laser pulse in a dispersive liquid (methanol),” Opt. Commun. 225(1-3), 193–209 (2003). [CrossRef]

[27] A. E. Dormidonov, V. P. Kandidov, V. O. Kompanets, and S. V. Chekalin, “Interference effects in the conical emission of a femtosecond filament in fused silica,” JETP Lett. 91(8), 373–377 (2010). [CrossRef]

[28] A. Couairon and A. Mysyrowicz, “Femtosecond filamentation in transparent media,” Phys. Rep. 441(2-4), 47–189 (2007). [CrossRef]

[29] W. Ying, L. Yu-Hua, and L. Pei-Xiang, “Infrared femtosecond laser direct-writing digital volume gratings in fused silica,” Chin. Phys. Lett. 27(4), 044213 (2010). [CrossRef]

[30] X. J. Fang and T. Kobayashi, “Evolution of a super-broadened spectrum in a filament generated by an ultrashort intense laser pulse in fused silica,” Appl. Phys. B 77(2-3), 167–170 (2003). [CrossRef]

[31] K. Stelmaszczyk, P. Rohwetter, Y. Petit, M. Fechner, J. Kasparian, J.-P. Wolf, and L. Wöste, “White-light symmetrization by the interaction of multifilamenting beams,” Phys. Rev. A 79(5), 053856 (2009). [CrossRef]

[32] http://www.pishaper.com .

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Femtosecond laser filament-fringes in fused silica