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Frozen and broadband slow light in coupled periodic nanowire waveguidesNadav Gutman, W. Hugo Dupree, Yue Sun, Andrey A. Sukhorukov, and C. Martijn de Sterke »View Author Affiliations
Nadav Gutman,1,*
W. Hugo Dupree,1
Yue Sun,2
Andrey A. Sukhorukov,2
and C. Martijn de Sterke1
1IPOS and CUDOS, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia 2Nonlinear Physics Centre and CUDOS, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia *Corresponding author: nadav@physics.used.edu.au |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 4, pp. 3519-3528 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.003519
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Abstract
We develop novel designs enabling slow-light propagation with vanishing group-velocity dispersion (“frozen light”) and slow-light with large delay-bandwidth product, in periodic nanowires. Our design is based on symmetry-breaking of periodic nanowire waveguides and we demonstrate its vailidy through two- and three-dimensional simulations. The slow-light is associated with a stationary inflection point which appears through coupling between forward and backward waveguide modes. The mode coupling also leads to evanescent modes, which enable efficient light coupling to the slow mode.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(230.7370) Optical devices : Waveguides
(250.5300) Optoelectronics : Photonic integrated circuits
ToC Category:
Optoelectronics
History
Original Manuscript: December 1, 2011
Revised Manuscript: January 18, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: January 23, 2012
Published: January 30, 2012
Citation
Nadav Gutman, W. Hugo Dupree, Yue Sun, Andrey A. Sukhorukov, and C. Martijn de Sterke, "Frozen and broadband slow light in coupled periodic nanowire waveguides," Opt. Express 20, 3519-3528 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-4-3519
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- A. Hosseini, X. C. Xu, D. N. Kwong, H. Subbaraman, W. Jiang, and R. T. Chen, “On the role of evanescent modes and group index tapering in slow light photonic crystal waveguide coupling efficiency,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 031107 (2011). [CrossRef]
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- N. Gutman, L. C. Botten, A. A. Sukhorukov, and C. M. de Sterke, “Degenerate band edges in optical fiber with multiple grating: efficient coupling to slow light,” Opt. Lett.36, 3257–3259 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. M. de Sterke, K. B. Dossou, T. P. White, L. C. Botten, and R. C. McPhedran, “Efficient coupling into slow light photonic crystal waveguide without transition region: role of evanescent modes,” Opt. Express17, 17338–17343 (2009). [CrossRef]
- S. Ha, A. A. Sukhorukov, K. B. Dossou, L. C. Botten, C. M. de Sterke, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Bloch-mode extraction from near-field data in periodic waveguides,” Opt. Lett.34, 3776–3778 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. P. White, L. C. Botten, C. M. de Sterke, K. B. Dossou, and R. C. McPhedran, “Efficient slow-light coupling in a photonic crystal waveguide without transition region,” Opt. Lett.33, 2644–2646 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Gutman, L. C. Botten, A. A. Sukhorukov, and C. M. de Sterke, “Slow and frozen light in optical waveguides with multiple gratings: Degenerate band edges and stationary inflection points,” submitted to Phys. Rev. A.
- P. B. Deotare, M. W. McCutcheon, I. W. Frank, M. Khan, and M. Loncar, “High quality factor photonic crystal nanobeam cavities,” Appl. Phys. Lett.94, 121106–3 (2009). [CrossRef]
- B. Desiatov, I. Goykhman, and U. Levy, “Nanoscale mode selector in silicon waveguide for on chip nanofocusing applications,” Nano Lett.9, 3381–3386 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. M. de Sterke, K. B. Dossou, T. P. White, L. C. Botten, and R. C. McPhedran, “Efficient coupling into slow light photonic crystal waveguide without transition region: role of evanescent modes,” Opt. Express17, 17338–17343 (2009). [CrossRef]
- S. Ha, A. A. Sukhorukov, K. B. Dossou, L. C. Botten, C. M. de Sterke, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Bloch-mode extraction from near-field data in periodic waveguides,” Opt. Lett.34, 3776–3778 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. P. White, L. C. Botten, C. M. de Sterke, K. B. Dossou, and R. C. McPhedran, “Efficient slow-light coupling in a photonic crystal waveguide without transition region,” Opt. Lett.33, 2644–2646 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Monat, B. Corcoran, D. Pudo, M. Ebnali-Heidari, C. Grillet, M. D. Pelusi, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, T. P. White, L. O’Faolain, and T. F. Krauss, “Slow light enhanced nonlinear optics in silicon photonic crystal waveguides,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.16, 344–356 (2010). [CrossRef]
- C. Monat, B. Corcoran, D. Pudo, M. Ebnali-Heidari, C. Grillet, M. D. Pelusi, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, T. P. White, L. O’Faolain, and T. F. Krauss, “Slow light enhanced nonlinear optics in silicon photonic crystal waveguides,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.16, 344–356 (2010). [CrossRef]
- B. Corcoran, C. Monat, C. Grillet, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, T. P. White, L. O’Faolain, and T. F. Krauss, “Green light emission in silicon through slow-light enhanced third-harmonic generation in photonic-crystal waveguides,” Nature Photon.3, 206–210 (2009). [CrossRef]
- A. Y. Petrov and M. Eich, “Zero dispersion at small group velocities in photonic crystal waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85, 4866–4868 (2004). [CrossRef]
- M. D. Settle, R. J. P. Engelen, M. Salib, A. Michaeli, L. Kuipers, and T. F. Krauss, “Flatband slow light in photonic crystals featuring spatial pulse compression and terahertz bandwidth,” Opt. Express15, 219–226 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. J. P. Engelen, Y. Sugimoto, Y. Watanabe, J. P. Korterik, N. Ikeda, N. F. van Hulst, K. Asakawa, and L. Kuipers, “The effect of higher-order dispersion on slow light propagation in photonic crystal waveguides,” Opt. Express14, 1658–1672 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Tan, K. Ikeda, P. Sun, and Y. Fainman, “Group velocity dispersion and self phase modulation in silicon nitride waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 061101 (2010). [CrossRef]
- A. Figotin and I. Vitebskiy, “Slow light in photonic crystals,” Waves Random Complex Media16, 293–382 (2006). [CrossRef]
- J. Ballato, A. Ballato, A. Figotin, and I. Vitebskiy, “Frozen light in periodic stacks of anisotropic layers,” Phys. Rev. E71, 036612–12 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Figotin and I. Vitebskiy, “Electromagnetic unidirectionality in magnetic photonic crystals,” Phys. Rev. B67, 165210 (2003). [CrossRef]
- A. Figotin and I. Vitebskiy, “Oblique frozen modes in periodic layered media,” Phys. Rev. E68, 036609 (2003). [CrossRef]
- A. Figotin and I. Vitebsky, “Nonreciprocal magnetic photonic crystals,” Phys. Rev. E63, 066609 (2001). [CrossRef]
- P. B. Deotare, M. W. McCutcheon, I. W. Frank, M. Khan, and M. Loncar, “High quality factor photonic crystal nanobeam cavities,” Appl. Phys. Lett.94, 121106–3 (2009). [CrossRef]
- C. Bao, J. Hou, H. Wu, X. Zhou, E. Cassan, X. Gao, and D. Zhang, “Low dispersion slow light in slot waveguide grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.23, 1700–1702 (2011). [CrossRef]
- B. Desiatov, I. Goykhman, and U. Levy, “Nanoscale mode selector in silicon waveguide for on chip nanofocusing applications,” Nano Lett.9, 3381–3386 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Monat, B. Corcoran, D. Pudo, M. Ebnali-Heidari, C. Grillet, M. D. Pelusi, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, T. P. White, L. O’Faolain, and T. F. Krauss, “Slow light enhanced nonlinear optics in silicon photonic crystal waveguides,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.16, 344–356 (2010). [CrossRef]
- B. Corcoran, C. Monat, C. Grillet, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, T. P. White, L. O’Faolain, and T. F. Krauss, “Green light emission in silicon through slow-light enhanced third-harmonic generation in photonic-crystal waveguides,” Nature Photon.3, 206–210 (2009). [CrossRef]
- N. Gutman, L. C. Botten, A. A. Sukhorukov, and C. M. de Sterke, “Degenerate band edges in optical fiber with multiple grating: efficient coupling to slow light,” Opt. Lett.36, 3257–3259 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Gutman, L. C. Botten, A. A. Sukhorukov, and C. M. de Sterke, “Slow and frozen light in optical waveguides with multiple gratings: Degenerate band edges and stationary inflection points,” submitted to Phys. Rev. A.
- M. Spasenovic, T. P. White, S. Ha, A. A. Sukhorukov, T. Kampfrath, Y. S. Kivshar, C. M. de Sterke, T. F. Krauss, and L. Kuipers, “Experimental observation of evanescent modes at the interface to slow-light photonic crystal waveguides,” Opt. Lett.36, 1170–1172 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Ha, M. Spasenovic, A. A. Sukhorukov, T. P. White, C. M. de Sterke, L. K. Kuipers, T. F. Krauss, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Slow-light and evanescent modes at interfaces in photonic crystal waveguides: optimal extraction from experimental near-field measurements,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B28, 955–963 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. A. Sukhorukov, S. Ha, I. V. Shadrivov, D. A. Powell, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Dispersion extraction with near-field measurements in periodic waveguides,” Opt. Express17, 3716–3721 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Ha, A. A. Sukhorukov, K. B. Dossou, L. C. Botten, C. M. de Sterke, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Bloch-mode extraction from near-field data in periodic waveguides,” Opt. Lett.34, 3776–3778 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Hosseini, X. C. Xu, D. N. Kwong, H. Subbaraman, W. Jiang, and R. T. Chen, “On the role of evanescent modes and group index tapering in slow light photonic crystal waveguide coupling efficiency,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 031107 (2011). [CrossRef]
- C. Bao, J. Hou, H. Wu, X. Zhou, E. Cassan, X. Gao, and D. Zhang, “Low dispersion slow light in slot waveguide grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.23, 1700–1702 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. F. Oskooi, D. Roundy, M. Ibanescu, P. Bermel, J. D. Joannopoulos, and S. G. Johnson, “Meep: A flexible free-software package for electromagnetic simulations by the fdtd method,” Comput. Phys. Commun.181, 687–702 (2010). [CrossRef]
- S. G. Johnson, P. Bienstman, M. A. Skorobogatiy, M. Ibanescu, E. Lidorikis, and J. D. Joannopoulos, “Adiabatic theorem and continuous coupled-mode theory for efficient taper transitions in photonic crystals,” Phys. Rev. E66, 066608 (2002). [CrossRef]
- D. Tan, K. Ikeda, P. Sun, and Y. Fainman, “Group velocity dispersion and self phase modulation in silicon nitride waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 061101 (2010). [CrossRef]
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Appl. Phys. Lett.
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IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
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