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Fabrication of three-dimensional microfluidic channels inside glass using nanosecond laser direct writingChangning Liu, Yang Liao, Fei He, Yinglong Shen, Danping Chen, Ya Cheng, Zhizhan Xu, Koji Sugioka, and Katsumi Midorikawa »View Author Affiliations
Changning Liu,1,3
Yang Liao,1
Fei He,1
Yinglong Shen,2,3
Danping Chen,2,3
Ya Cheng,1,*
Zhizhan Xu,1
Koji Sugioka,4
and Katsumi Midorikawa4
1State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 800-211, Shanghai 201800, China 2Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 800-211, Shanghai 201800, China 3Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China 4Laser Technology Laboratory, RIKEN - Advanced Science Institute, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan *Corresponding author: ya.cheng@siom.ac.cn |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 4, pp. 4291-4296 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.004291
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Abstract
We show that fabrication of three-dimensional microfluidic channels embedded in glass can be achieved by using a Q-switched, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser. The processing mainly consists of two steps: (1) formation of hollow microfluidic channels in porous glass immersed in Rhodamine 6G dissolved in water by nanosecond laser ablation; and (2) postannealing of the fabricated porous glass sample at 1120 °C for consolidation of the sample. In particular, a bilayer microfluidic structure is created in glass substrate using this technique for showcasing its capability of three-dimensional structuring.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(140.3390) Lasers and laser optics : Laser materials processing
(140.3540) Lasers and laser optics : Lasers, Q-switched
(160.2750) Materials : Glass and other amorphous materials
(270.4180) Quantum optics : Multiphoton processes
ToC Category:
Laser Microfabrication
History
Original Manuscript: November 21, 2011
Revised Manuscript: January 10, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: January 12, 2012
Published: February 7, 2012
Virtual Issues
Vol. 7, Iss. 4 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
Changning Liu, Yang Liao, Fei He, Yinglong Shen, Danping Chen, Ya Cheng, Zhizhan Xu, Koji Sugioka, and Katsumi Midorikawa, "Fabrication of three-dimensional microfluidic channels inside glass using nanosecond laser direct writing," Opt. Express 20, 4291-4296 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-4-4291
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- A. Crespi, Y. Gu, B. Ngamsom, H. J. W. M. Hoekstra, C. Dongre, M. Pollnau, R. Ramponi, H. H. van den Vlekkert, P. Watts, G. Cerullo, and R. Osellame, “Three-dimensional Mach-Zehnder interferometer in a microfluidic chip for spatially-resolved label-free detection,” Lab Chip10(9), 1167–1173 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- R. An, Y. Li, Y. Dou, D. Liu, H. Yang, and Q. Gong, “Water-assisted drilling of microfluidic chambers inside silica glass with femtosecond laser pulses,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.83(1), 27–29 (2006). [CrossRef]
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- K. Sugioka, Y. Hanada, and K. Midorikawa, “Three-dimensional femtosecond laser micromachining of photosensitive glass for biomicrochips,” Laser Photon. Rev.4(3), 386–400 (2010). [CrossRef]
- Y. Hanada, K. Sugioka, H. Kawano, I. S. Ishikawa, A. Miyawaki, and K. Midorikawa, “Nano-aquarium for dynamic observation of living cells fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing of photostructurable glass,” Biomed. Microdevices10(3), 403–410 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- F. He, Y. Cheng, Z. Xu, Y. Liao, J. Xu, H. Sun, C. Wang, Z. Zhou, K. Sugioka, K. Midorikawa, Y. Xu, and X. Chen, “Direct fabrication of homogeneous microfluidic channels embedded in fused silica using a femtosecond laser,” Opt. Lett.35(3), 282–284 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Kim, D. J. Hwang, H. Jeon, K. Hiromatsu, and C. P. Grigoropoulos, “Single cell detection using a glass-based optofluidic device fabricated by femtosecond laser pulses,” Lab Chip9(2), 311–318 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Crespi, Y. Gu, B. Ngamsom, H. J. W. M. Hoekstra, C. Dongre, M. Pollnau, R. Ramponi, H. H. van den Vlekkert, P. Watts, G. Cerullo, and R. Osellame, “Three-dimensional Mach-Zehnder interferometer in a microfluidic chip for spatially-resolved label-free detection,” Lab Chip10(9), 1167–1173 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Cheng, C. Wei, K. Hsu, and T. Young, “Direct-write laser micromachining and universal surface modification of PMMA for device development,” Sens. Actuators B Chem.99(1), 186–196 (2004). [CrossRef]
- K. Ke, E. F. Hasselbrink, and A. J. Hunt, “Rapidly prototyped three-dimensional nanofluidic channel networks in glass substrates,” Anal. Chem.77(16), 5083–5088 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Kim, D. J. Hwang, H. Jeon, K. Hiromatsu, and C. P. Grigoropoulos, “Single cell detection using a glass-based optofluidic device fabricated by femtosecond laser pulses,” Lab Chip9(2), 311–318 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. J. Hwang, T. Y. Choi, and C. P. Grigoropoulos, “Liquid-assisted femtosecond laser drilling of straight and three-dimensional microchannels in glass,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.79(3), 605–612 (2004). [CrossRef]
- Y. Hanada, K. Sugioka, H. Kawano, I. S. Ishikawa, A. Miyawaki, and K. Midorikawa, “Nano-aquarium for dynamic observation of living cells fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing of photostructurable glass,” Biomed. Microdevices10(3), 403–410 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Kim, D. J. Hwang, H. Jeon, K. Hiromatsu, and C. P. Grigoropoulos, “Single cell detection using a glass-based optofluidic device fabricated by femtosecond laser pulses,” Lab Chip9(2), 311–318 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. H. Jo, L. M. Van Lerberghe, K. M. Motsegood, and D. J. Beebe, “Three-dimensional micro-channel fabrication in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer,” J. Microelectromech. Syst.9(1), 76–81 (2000). [CrossRef]
- Y. Ju, Y. Liao, L. Zhang, Y. Sheng, Q. Zhang, D. Chen, Y. Cheng, Z. Xu, K. Sugioka, and K. Midorikawa, “Fabrication of large-volume microfluidic chamber embedded in glass using three-dimensional femtosecond laser micromachining,” Microfluid. Nanofluid.11(1), 111–117 (2011). [CrossRef]
- Y. Liao, Y. Ju, L. Zhang, F. He, Q. Zhang, Y. Shen, D. Chen, Y. Cheng, Z. Xu, K. Sugioka, and K. Midorikawa, “Three-dimensional microfluidic channel with arbitrary length and configuration fabricated inside glass by femtosecond laser direct writing,” Opt. Lett.35(19), 3225–3227 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Niino, Y. Yasui, X. Ding, A. Narazaki, T. Sato, Y. Kawaguchi, and A. Yabe, “Surface micro-fabrication of silica glass by excimer laser irradiation of organic solvent,” J. Photochem. Photobiol. Chem.158(2-3), 179–182 (2003). [CrossRef]
- Y. Hanada, K. Sugioka, I. Shihira-Ishikawa, H. Kawano, A. Miyawaki, and K. Midorikawa, “3D microfluidic chips with integrated functional microelements fabricated by a femtosecond laser for studying the gliding mechanism of cyanobacteria,” Lab Chip11(12), 2109–2115 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Hanada, K. Sugioka, H. Kawano, I. S. Ishikawa, A. Miyawaki, and K. Midorikawa, “Nano-aquarium for dynamic observation of living cells fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing of photostructurable glass,” Biomed. Microdevices10(3), 403–410 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Ke, E. F. Hasselbrink, and A. J. Hunt, “Rapidly prototyped three-dimensional nanofluidic channel networks in glass substrates,” Anal. Chem.77(16), 5083–5088 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Kim, D. J. Hwang, H. Jeon, K. Hiromatsu, and C. P. Grigoropoulos, “Single cell detection using a glass-based optofluidic device fabricated by femtosecond laser pulses,” Lab Chip9(2), 311–318 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Lee, T. Chang, S. Wang, C. Chien, and C. Cheng, “Using femtosecond laser to fabricate highly precise interior three-dimensional microstructures in polymeric flow chip,” Biomicrofluid.4(4), 046502 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- Y. Li, K. Itoh, W. Watanabe, K. Yamada, D. Kuroda, J. Nishii, and Y. Jiang, “Three-dimensional hole drilling of silica glass from the rear surface with femtosecond laser pulses,” Opt. Lett.26(23), 1912–1914 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Biomed. Microdevices
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J. Microelectromech. Syst.
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Lab Chip
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