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Cavity-assisted emission of polarization-entangled photons from biexcitons in quantum dots with fine-structure splittingStefan Schumacher, Jens Förstner, Artur Zrenner, Matthias Florian, Christopher Gies, Paul Gartner, and Frank Jahnke »View Author Affiliations
Stefan Schumacher,1,*
Jens Förstner,1
Artur Zrenner,1
Matthias Florian,2
Christopher Gies,2
Paul Gartner,2,3
and Frank Jahnke2
1Physics Department and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany 2Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bremen, 28334 Bremen, Germany 3National Institute of Materials Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania *Corresponding author: stefan.schumacher@uni-paderborn.de |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 5, pp. 5335-5342 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.005335
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Abstract
We study the quantum properties and statistics of photons emitted by a quantum-dot biexciton inside a cavity. In the biexciton-exciton cascade, fine-structure splitting between exciton levels degrades polarization-entanglement for the emitted pair of photons. However, here we show that the polarization-entanglement can be preserved in such a system through simultaneous emission of two degenerate photons into cavity modes tuned to half the biexciton energy. Based on detailed theoretical calculations for realistic quantum-dot and cavity parameters, we quantify the degree of achievable entanglement.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(270.0270) Quantum optics : Quantum optics
(270.5565) Quantum optics : Quantum communications
(250.5590) Optoelectronics : Quantum-well, -wire and -dot devices
ToC Category:
Quantum Optics
History
Original Manuscript: January 13, 2012
Revised Manuscript: February 13, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: February 13, 2012
Published: February 17, 2012
Citation
Stefan Schumacher, Jens Förstner, Artur Zrenner, Matthias Florian, Christopher Gies, Paul Gartner, and Frank Jahnke, "Cavity-assisted emission of polarization-entangled photons from biexcitons in quantum dots with fine-structure splitting," Opt. Express 20, 5335-5342 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-5-5335
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References
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- E. Stock, T. Warming, I. Ostapenko, S. Rodt, A. Schliwa, J. A. Töfflinger, A. Lochmann, A. I. Toropov, S. A. Moshchenko, D. V. Dmitriev, V. A. Haisler, and D. Bimberg, “Single-photon emission from InGaAs quantum dots grown on (111) GaAs,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 093112 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- A. Mohan, M. Felici, P. Gallo, B. Dwir, A. Rudra, J. Faist, and E. Kapon, “Polarization-entangled photons produced with high-symmetry site-controlled quantum dots,” Nat. Photonics4, 302–306 (2010). [CrossRef]
- K. Edamatsu, “Entangled photons: generation, observation, and characterization,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.46, 7175–7187 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. Mohan, M. Felici, P. Gallo, B. Dwir, A. Rudra, J. Faist, and E. Kapon, “Polarization-entangled photons produced with high-symmetry site-controlled quantum dots,” Nat. Photonics4, 302–306 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- A. Laucht, N. Hauke, J. M. Villas-Boas, F. Hofbauer, M. Kaniber, G. Böhm, and J. J. Finley, “Dephasing of exciton polaritons in photoexcited InGaAs quantum dots in GaAs nanocavities,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 087405 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Flissikowski, A. Betke, I. A. Akimov, and F. Henneberger, “Two-photon coherent control of a single quantum dot,” Phys. Rev. Lett.92, 227401 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Wiersig, C. Gies, F. Jahnke, M. Assmann, T. Berstermann, M. Bayer, C. Kistner, S. Reitzenstein, C. Schneider, S. Hofling, A. Forchel, C. Kruse, J. Kalden, and D. Hommel, “Direct observation of correlations between individual photon emission events of a microcavity laser,” Nature460, 245–249 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- A. Mohan, M. Felici, P. Gallo, B. Dwir, A. Rudra, J. Faist, and E. Kapon, “Polarization-entangled photons produced with high-symmetry site-controlled quantum dots,” Nat. Photonics4, 302–306 (2010). [CrossRef]
- B. D. Gerardot, S. Seidl, P. A. Dalgarno, R. J. Warburton, D. Granados, J. M. Garcia, K. Kowalik, O. Krebs, K. Karrai, A. Badolato, and P. M. Petroff, “Manipulating exciton fine structure in quantum dots with a lateral electric field,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90, 041101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- B. D. Gerardot, S. Seidl, P. A. Dalgarno, R. J. Warburton, D. Granados, J. M. Garcia, K. Kowalik, O. Krebs, K. Karrai, A. Badolato, and P. M. Petroff, “Manipulating exciton fine structure in quantum dots with a lateral electric field,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90, 041101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J. Wiersig, C. Gies, F. Jahnke, M. Assmann, T. Berstermann, M. Bayer, C. Kistner, S. Reitzenstein, C. Schneider, S. Hofling, A. Forchel, C. Kruse, J. Kalden, and D. Hommel, “Direct observation of correlations between individual photon emission events of a microcavity laser,” Nature460, 245–249 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Hayat, P. Ginzburg, and M. Orenstein, “Observation of two-photon emission from semiconductors,” Nat. Photonics2, 238–241 (2008). [CrossRef]
- L. He, M. Gong, C.-F. Li, G.-C. Guo, and A. Zunger, “Highly reduced fine-structure splitting in InAs/InP quantum dots offering an efficient on-demand entangled 1.55 – μm photon emitter,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 157405 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. del Valle, A. Gonzalez-Tudela, E. Cancellieri, F. P. Laussy, and C. Tejedor, “Generation of a two-photon state from a quantum dot in a microcavity,” New J. Phys.13, 113014 (2011). [CrossRef]
- B. D. Gerardot, S. Seidl, P. A. Dalgarno, R. J. Warburton, D. Granados, J. M. Garcia, K. Kowalik, O. Krebs, K. Karrai, A. Badolato, and P. M. Petroff, “Manipulating exciton fine structure in quantum dots with a lateral electric field,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90, 041101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- L. He, M. Gong, C.-F. Li, G.-C. Guo, and A. Zunger, “Highly reduced fine-structure splitting in InAs/InP quantum dots offering an efficient on-demand entangled 1.55 – μm photon emitter,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 157405 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Hafenbrak, S. M. Ulrich, P. Michler, L. Wang, A. Rastelli, and O. G. Schmidt, “Triggered polarization-entangled photon pairs from a single quantum dot up to 30 k,” New J. Phys.9, 315 (2007). [CrossRef]
- E. Stock, T. Warming, I. Ostapenko, S. Rodt, A. Schliwa, J. A. Töfflinger, A. Lochmann, A. I. Toropov, S. A. Moshchenko, D. V. Dmitriev, V. A. Haisler, and D. Bimberg, “Single-photon emission from InGaAs quantum dots grown on (111) GaAs,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 093112 (2010). [CrossRef]
- A. Carmele, F. Milde, M.-R. Dachner, M. B. Harouni, R. Roknizadeh, M. Richter, and A. Knorr, “Formation dynamics of an entangled photon pair: a temperature-dependent analysis,” Phys. Rev. B81, 195319 (2010).
- A. Laucht, N. Hauke, J. M. Villas-Boas, F. Hofbauer, M. Kaniber, G. Böhm, and J. J. Finley, “Dephasing of exciton polaritons in photoexcited InGaAs quantum dots in GaAs nanocavities,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 087405 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Hayat, P. Ginzburg, and M. Orenstein, “Observation of two-photon emission from semiconductors,” Nat. Photonics2, 238–241 (2008). [CrossRef]
- L. He, M. Gong, C.-F. Li, G.-C. Guo, and A. Zunger, “Highly reduced fine-structure splitting in InAs/InP quantum dots offering an efficient on-demand entangled 1.55 – μm photon emitter,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 157405 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Flissikowski, A. Betke, I. A. Akimov, and F. Henneberger, “Two-photon coherent control of a single quantum dot,” Phys. Rev. Lett.92, 227401 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Appl. Phys. Lett.
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Nat. Photonics
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Nature
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- E. Stock, T. Warming, I. Ostapenko, S. Rodt, A. Schliwa, J. A. Töfflinger, A. Lochmann, A. I. Toropov, S. A. Moshchenko, D. V. Dmitriev, V. A. Haisler, and D. Bimberg, “Single-photon emission from InGaAs quantum dots grown on (111) GaAs,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 093112 (2010). [CrossRef]
- A. Dousse, J. Suffczynski, A. Beveratos, O. Krebs, A. Lemaitre, I. Sagnes, J. Bloch, P. Voisin, and P. Senellart, “Ultrabright source of entangled photon pairs,” Nature466, 217–220 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Mehta, D. Reuter, A. D. Wieck, S. Michaelis de Vasconcellos, A. Zrenner, and C. Meier, “An intentionally positioned (In,Ga)As quantum dot in a micron sized light emitting diode,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97, 143101 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. Wiersig, C. Gies, F. Jahnke, M. Assmann, T. Berstermann, M. Bayer, C. Kistner, S. Reitzenstein, C. Schneider, S. Hofling, A. Forchel, C. Kruse, J. Kalden, and D. Hommel, “Direct observation of correlations between individual photon emission events of a microcavity laser,” Nature460, 245–249 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- A. Hayat, P. Ginzburg, and M. Orenstein, “Observation of two-photon emission from semiconductors,” Nat. Photonics2, 238–241 (2008). [CrossRef]
- L. He, M. Gong, C.-F. Li, G.-C. Guo, and A. Zunger, “Highly reduced fine-structure splitting in InAs/InP quantum dots offering an efficient on-demand entangled 1.55 – μm photon emitter,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 157405 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. D. Gerardot, S. Seidl, P. A. Dalgarno, R. J. Warburton, D. Granados, J. M. Garcia, K. Kowalik, O. Krebs, K. Karrai, A. Badolato, and P. M. Petroff, “Manipulating exciton fine structure in quantum dots with a lateral electric field,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90, 041101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- R. Hafenbrak, S. M. Ulrich, P. Michler, L. Wang, A. Rastelli, and O. G. Schmidt, “Triggered polarization-entangled photon pairs from a single quantum dot up to 30 k,” New J. Phys.9, 315 (2007). [CrossRef]
- S. Strauf, N. G. Stoltz, M. T. Rakher, L. Coldren, P. M. Petroff, and D. Bouwmeester, “High-frequency single photon source with polarization control,” Nat. Photonics1, 704–708 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- F. Troiani, J. I. Perea, and C. Tejedor, “Cavity-assisted generation of entangled photon pairs by a quantum-dot cascade decay,” Phys. Rev. B74, 235310 (2006). [CrossRef]
- R. M. Stevenson, R. J. Young, P. Atkinson, K. Cooper, D. A. Ritchie, and A. J. Shields, “A semiconductor source of triggered entangled photon pairs,” Nature439, 179–182 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Seidl, M. Kroner, A. Högele, K. Karrai, R. J. Warburton, A. Badolato, and P. M. Petroff, “Effect of uniaxial stress on excitons in a self-assembled quantum dot,” Appl. Phys. Lett.88, 203113 (2006). [CrossRef]
- T. Flissikowski, A. Betke, I. A. Akimov, and F. Henneberger, “Two-photon coherent control of a single quantum dot,” Phys. Rev. Lett.92, 227401 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- O. Benson, C. Santori, M. Pelton, and Y. Yamamoto, “Regulated and entangled photons from a single quantum dot,” Phys. Rev. Lett.84, 2513–2516 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. Lindblad, “On the generators of quantum dynamical semigroups,” Commun. Math. Phys.48, 119–130 (1976). [CrossRef]
- G. Pfanner, M. Seliger, and U. Hohenester, “Entangled photon sources based on semiconductor quantum dots: the role of pure dephasing,” Phys. Rev. B78, 195410 (2008).
- A. Carmele, F. Milde, M.-R. Dachner, M. B. Harouni, R. Roknizadeh, M. Richter, and A. Knorr, “Formation dynamics of an entangled photon pair: a temperature-dependent analysis,” Phys. Rev. B81, 195319 (2010).
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