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Visualizing the near-field coupling and interference of bonding and anti-bonding modes in infrared dimer nanoantennasPablo Alonso-González, Pablo Albella, Federico Golmar, Libe Arzubiaga, Félix Casanova, Luis E. Hueso, Javier Aizpurua, and Rainer Hillenbrand »View Author Affiliations
Pablo Alonso-González,1,*
Pablo Albella,2
Federico Golmar,1,3
Libe Arzubiaga,1
Félix Casanova,1,4
Luis E. Hueso,1,4
Javier Aizpurua,2
and Rainer Hillenbrand1,4,5
1Nanooptics Group, CIC nanoGUNE Consolider, 20018 Donostia – San Sebastián, Spain 2Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain 3I.N.T.I.–CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, Ed. 42, B1650JKA, San Martín, Bs As, Argentina 4IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain 5r.hillenbrand@nanogune.eu *Corresponding author: palonso@nanogune.eu |
Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 1270-1280 (2013)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.001270
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Abstract
We directly visualize and identify the capacitive coupling of infrared dimer antennas in the near field by employing scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). The coupling is identified by (i) resolving the strongly enhanced nano-localized near fields in the antenna gap and by (ii) tracing the red shift of the dimer resonance when compared to the resonance of the single antenna constituents. Furthermore, by modifying the illumination geometry we break the symmetry, providing a means to excite both the bonding and the “dark” anti-bonding modes. By spectrally matching both modes, their interference yields an enhancement or suppression of the near fields at specific locations, which could be useful in nanoscale coherent control applications.
© 2013 OSA
OCIS Codes
(110.3080) Imaging systems : Infrared imaging
(260.3910) Physical optics : Metal optics
(180.4243) Microscopy : Near-field microscopy
(250.5403) Optoelectronics : Plasmonics
ToC Category:
Optics at Surfaces
History
Original Manuscript: October 25, 2012
Revised Manuscript: December 22, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: December 22, 2012
Published: January 11, 2013
Virtual Issues
Vol. 8, Iss. 2 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
Pablo Alonso-González, Pablo Albella, Federico Golmar, Libe Arzubiaga, Félix Casanova, Luis E. Hueso, Javier Aizpurua, and Rainer Hillenbrand, "Visualizing the near-field coupling and interference of bonding and anti-bonding modes in infrared dimer nanoantennas," Opt. Express 21, 1270-1280 (2013)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-21-1-1270
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Ahn, S.-H.
Aizpurua, J.
Åkerman, J.
Albella, P.
Alber, I.
Alivisatos, A. P.
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Alonso-Gonzalez, P.
Alonso-González, P.
Altug, H.
Apell, P.
Arju, N.
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Bao, K.
Bardhan, R.
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Dhuey, S.
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Dregely, D.
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Fernández-Domínguez, A. I.
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Flach, S.
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Garcia-Etxarri, A.
García-Etxarri, A.
Geisler, P.
Genov, D. A.
Ghenuche, P.
Giannini, V.
Giessen, H.
Golmar, F.
Gómez, D. E.
Grefe, S. E.
Habteyes, T. G.
Halas, N. J.
Han, S. W.
Hao, F.
Haran, G.
Hecht, B.
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Hentschel, M.
Heo, J.
Hillenbrand, R.
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Li, T.
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Lin, H.-Q.
Lin, Y.
Link, S.
Liu, H.
Liu, M.
Liu, N.
Liz-Marzán, L. M.
Lodewijks, K.
Lukiyanchuk, B.
Maier, S. A.
Mallouk, T.
Manoharan, V. N.
Martin, O. J. F.
Mastel, S.
McComb, D. W.
Mesch, M.
Miljkovic, V. D.
Miroshnichenko, A. E.
Moerner, W. E.
Molina-Terriza, G.
Moshchalkov, V. V.
Mühlschlegel, P.
Mukherjee, S.
Müller, S.
Mulvaney, P.
Neubrech, F.
Neumann, R.
Nogués, J.
Nordlander, P.
Novo, C.
Novotny, L.
Ocelic, N.
Olmon, R. L.
Papasimakis, N.
Pastoriza-Santos, I.
Pérez-Juste, J.
Picht, O.
Pirzadeh, Z.
Pohl, D. W.
Prodan, E.
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Pucci, A.
Quidant, R.
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Rahmani, M.
Rang, M.
Raschke, M. B.
Rauber, M.
Rechberger, W.
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Sarriugarte, P.
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Schnell, M.
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Shegai, T.
Shen, H.
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Slaughter, L. S.
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Sundaramurthy, A.
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Tahmasebi, T.
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van Aken, P. A.
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van Hulst, N. F.
Vandenbosch, G. A. E.
Vavassori, P.
Verellen, N.
Vernon, K. C.
Vogelgesang, R.
Volpe, G.
Wang, J.
Wang, S.-M.
Wang, Y.
Weber, D.
Weinmann, P.
Weiss, T.
White, J. S.
Willingham, B. A.
Woo, K. C.
Wu, C.
Wu, Y.
Xu, H.
Xu, M.-X.
Yang, J. K. W.
Yanik, A. A.
Yun, W. S.
Zengin, G.
Zhang, S.
Zhang, X.
Zheludev, N. I.
Zhu, S.-N.
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- N. Liu, M. Hentschel, T. Weiss, A. P. Alivisatos, and H. Giessen, “Three-dimensional plasmon rulers,” Science332(6036), 1407–1410 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Liu, T. Weiss, M. Mesch, L. Langguth, U. Eigenthaler, M. Hirscher, C. Sönnichsen, and H. Giessen, “Planar metamaterial analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency for plasmonic sensing,” Nano Lett.10(4), 1103–1107 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. A. Schuller, E. S. Barnard, W. Cai, Y. C. Jun, J. S. White, and M. L. Brongersma, “Plasmonics for extreme light concentration and manipulation,” Nat. Mater.9(3), 193–204 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. S. Slaughter, Y. Wu, B. A. Willingham, P. Nordlander, and S. Link, “Effects of symmetry breaking and conductive contact on the plasmon coupling in gold nanorod dimers,” ACS Nano4(8), 4657–4666 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Shao, K. C. Woo, H. Chen, Z. Jin, J. Wang, and H.-Q. Lin, “Angle- and energy-resolved plasmon coupling in gold nanorod dimers,” ACS Nano4(6), 3053–3062 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Alonso-Gonzalez, M. Schnell, P. Sarriugarte, H. Sobhani, C. Wu, N. Arju, A. Khanikaev, F. Golmar, P. Albella, L. Arzubiaga, F. Casanova, L. E. Hueso, P. Nordlander, G. Shvets, and R. Hillenbrand, “Real-space mapping of Fano interference in plasmonic metamolecules,” Nano Lett.11(9), 3922–3926 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Wu, A. B. Khanikaev, R. Adato, N. Arju, A. A. Yanik, H. Altug, and G. Shvets, “Fano-resonant asymmetric metamaterials for ultrasensitive spectroscopy and identification of molecular monolayers,” Nat. Mater.11(1), 69–75 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. A. Fan, K. Bao, C. Wu, J. Bao, R. Bardhan, N. J. Halas, V. N. Manoharan, G. Shvets, P. Nordlander, and F. Capasso, “Fano-like interference in self-assembled plasmonic quadrumer clusters,” Nano Lett.10(11), 4680–4685 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. A. Fan, C. Wu, K. Bao, J. Bao, R. Bardhan, N. J. Halas, V. N. Manoharan, P. Nordlander, G. Shvets, and F. Capasso, “Self-assembled plasmonic nanoparticle clusters,” Science328(5982), 1135–1138 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. S. Slaughter, Y. Wu, B. A. Willingham, P. Nordlander, and S. Link, “Effects of symmetry breaking and conductive contact on the plasmon coupling in gold nanorod dimers,” ACS Nano4(8), 4657–4666 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Xu, J. Aizpurua, M. Käll, and P. Apell, “Electromagnetic contributions to single-molecule sensitivity in surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. E62(33 Pt B), 4318–4324 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- C. Wu, A. B. Khanikaev, R. Adato, N. Arju, A. A. Yanik, H. Altug, and G. Shvets, “Fano-resonant asymmetric metamaterials for ultrasensitive spectroscopy and identification of molecular monolayers,” Nat. Mater.11(1), 69–75 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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ACS Nano
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- L. S. Slaughter, Y. Wu, B. A. Willingham, P. Nordlander, and S. Link, “Effects of symmetry breaking and conductive contact on the plasmon coupling in gold nanorod dimers,” ACS Nano4(8), 4657–4666 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
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- N. Ocelic, A. Huber, and R. Hillenbrand, “Pseudoheterodyne detection for background-free near-field spectroscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.89(101124), 1–3 (2006).
- F. Neubrech, A. Garcia-Etxarri, D. Weber, J. Bochterle, H. Shen, M. L. de la Chapelle, G. W. Bryant, J. Aizpurua, and A. Pucci, “Defect-induced activation of symmetry forbidden infrared resonances in individual metallic nanorods,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96(213111), 1–3 (2010).
Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.
- M. Rahmani, B. Lukiyanchuk, T. Tahmasebi, Y. Lin, T. Y. F. Liew, and M. H. Hong, “Polarization- controlled spatial localization of near-field energy in planar symmetric coupled oligomers,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.107(1), 23–30 (2012). [CrossRef]
Chem. Rev.
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Coord. Chem. Rev.
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Nano Lett.
- L. Chuntonov and G. Haran, “Trimeric plasmonic molecules: the role of symmetry,” Nano Lett.11(6), 2440–2445 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- P. Alonso-Gonzalez, M. Schnell, P. Sarriugarte, H. Sobhani, C. Wu, N. Arju, A. Khanikaev, F. Golmar, P. Albella, L. Arzubiaga, F. Casanova, L. E. Hueso, P. Nordlander, G. Shvets, and R. Hillenbrand, “Real-space mapping of Fano interference in plasmonic metamolecules,” Nano Lett.11(9), 3922–3926 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. A. Fan, K. Bao, C. Wu, J. Bao, R. Bardhan, N. J. Halas, V. N. Manoharan, G. Shvets, P. Nordlander, and F. Capasso, “Fano-like interference in self-assembled plasmonic quadrumer clusters,” Nano Lett.10(11), 4680–4685 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Schnell, A. Garcia-Etxarri, J. Alkorta, J. Aizpurua, and R. Hillenbrand, “Phase-resolved mapping of the near-field vector and polarization state in nanoscale antenna gaps,” Nano Lett.10(9), 3524–3528 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Dorfmüller, D. Dregely, M. Esslinger, W. Khunsin, R. Vogelgesang, K. Kern, and H. Giessen, “Near-field dynamics of optical Yagi-Uda nanoantennas,” Nano Lett.11(7), 2819–2824 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. P. Fromm, A. Sundaramurthy, P. J. Schuck, G. Kino, and W. E. Moerner, “Gap-dependent optical coupling of single “Bowtie” nanoantennas resonant in the visible,” Nano Lett.4(5), 957–961 (2004). [CrossRef]
- T. G. Habteyes, S. Dhuey, S. Cabrini, P. J. Schuck, and S. R. Leone, “Theta-shaped plasmonic nanostructures: bringing “dark” multipole plasmon resonances into action via conductive coupling,” Nano Lett.11(4), 1819–1825 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J.-S. Huang, J. Kern, P. Geisler, P. Weinmann, M. Kamp, A. Forchel, P. Biagioni, and B. Hecht, “Mode imaging and selection in strongly coupled nanoantennas,” Nano Lett.10(6), 2105–2110 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D.-S. Kim, J. Heo, S.-H. Ahn, S. W. Han, W. S. Yun, and Z. H. Kim, “Real-space mapping of the strongly coupled plasmons of nanoparticle dimers,” Nano Lett.9(10), 3619–3625 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- G. Volpe, S. Cherukulappurath, R. Juanola Parramon, G. Molina-Terriza, and R. Quidant, “Controlling the optical near field of nanoantennas with spatial phase-shaped beams,” Nano Lett.9(10), 3608–3611 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nat. Communications
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- T. Shegai, S. Chen, V. D. Miljkovic, G. Zengin, P. Johansson, and M. Kall, “A bimetallic nanoantenna for directional colour routing,” Nat. Communications2(481), 1–6 (2011).
Nat. Mater.
- J. A. Schuller, E. S. Barnard, W. Cai, Y. C. Jun, J. S. White, and M. L. Brongersma, “Plasmonics for extreme light concentration and manipulation,” Nat. Mater.9(3), 193–204 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Nat. Photonics
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Opt. Commun.
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Opt. Express
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Phys. Rev. B
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- J. Aizpurua, G. W. Bryant, L. J. Richter, F. J. García de Abajo, B. K. Kelley, and T. Mallouk, “Optical properties of coupled metallic nanorods for field-enhanced spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B71(235420), 1–13 (2005).
Phys. Rev. E
- H. Xu, J. Aizpurua, M. Käll, and P. Apell, “Electromagnetic contributions to single-molecule sensitivity in surface-enhanced Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. E62(33 Pt B), 4318–4324 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Phys. Rev. Lett.
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Rev. Mod. Phys.
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Science
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Small
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Other
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2012, Rahmani, Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.
- M. Rahmani, B. Lukiyanchuk, T. Tahmasebi, Y. Lin, T. Y. F. Liew, and M. H. Hong, “Polarization- controlled spatial localization of near-field energy in planar symmetric coupled oligomers,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.107(1), 23–30 (2012). [CrossRef]
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- P. Alonso-González, P. Albella, M. Schnell, J. Chen, F. Huth, A. García-Etxarri, F. Casanova, F. Golmar, L. Arzubiaga, L. E. Hueso, J. Aizpurua, and R. Hillenbrand, “Resolving the electromagnetic mechanism of surface-enhanced light scattering at single hot spots,” Nat. Communications3(684), 1–7 (2012).
- C. Wu, A. B. Khanikaev, R. Adato, N. Arju, A. A. Yanik, H. Altug, and G. Shvets, “Fano-resonant asymmetric metamaterials for ultrasensitive spectroscopy and identification of molecular monolayers,” Nat. Mater.11(1), 69–75 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Chen, P. Albella, Z. Pirzadeh, P. Alonso-González, F. Huth, S. Bonetti, V. Bonanni, J. Åkerman, J. Nogués, P. Vavassori, A. Dmitriev, J. Aizpurua, and R. Hillenbrand, “Plasmonic nickel nanoantennas,” Small7(16), 2341–2347 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. L. Koh, A. I. Fernández-Domínguez, D. W. McComb, S. A. Maier, and J. K. W. Yang, “High-resolution mapping of electron-beam-excited plasmon modes in lithographically defined gold nanostructures,” Nano Lett.11(3), 1323–1330 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Novotny and N. van Hulst, “Antennas for light,” Nat. Photonics5(2), 83–90 (2011). [CrossRef]
- N. J. Halas, S. Lal, W.-S. Chang, S. Link, and P. Nordlander, “Plasmons in strongly coupled metallic nanostructures,” Chem. Rev.111(6), 3913–3961 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Liu, M. Hentschel, T. Weiss, A. P. Alivisatos, and H. Giessen, “Three-dimensional plasmon rulers,” Science332(6036), 1407–1410 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. W. Knight, H. Sobhani, P. Nordlander, and N. J. Halas, “Photodetection with active optical antennas,” Science332(6030), 702–704 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Chuntonov and G. Haran, “Trimeric plasmonic molecules: the role of symmetry,” Nano Lett.11(6), 2440–2445 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Verellen, P. Van Dorpe, C. Huang, K. Lodewijks, G. A. E. Vandenbosch, L. Lagae, and V. V. Moshchalkov, “Plasmon line shaping using nanocrosses for high sensitivity localized surface plasmon resonance sensing,” Nano Lett.11(2), 391–397 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- V. Giannini, A. I. Fernández-Domínguez, S. C. Heck, and S. A. Maier, “Plasmonic nanoantennas: fundamentals and their use in controlling the radiative properties of nanoemitters,” Chem. Rev.111(6), 3888–3912 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. Alber, W. Sigle, S. Müller, R. Neumann, O. Picht, M. Rauber, P. A. van Aken, and M. E. Toimil-Molares, “Visualization of multipolar longitudinal and transversal surface plasmon modes in nanowire dimers,” ACS Nano5(12), 9845–9853 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Dorfmüller, D. Dregely, M. Esslinger, W. Khunsin, R. Vogelgesang, K. Kern, and H. Giessen, “Near-field dynamics of optical Yagi-Uda nanoantennas,” Nano Lett.11(7), 2819–2824 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. G. Habteyes, S. Dhuey, S. Cabrini, P. J. Schuck, and S. R. Leone, “Theta-shaped plasmonic nanostructures: bringing “dark” multipole plasmon resonances into action via conductive coupling,” Nano Lett.11(4), 1819–1825 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Shegai, S. Chen, V. D. Miljkovic, G. Zengin, P. Johansson, and M. Kall, “A bimetallic nanoantenna for directional colour routing,” Nat. Communications2(481), 1–6 (2011).
- P. Alonso-Gonzalez, M. Schnell, P. Sarriugarte, H. Sobhani, C. Wu, N. Arju, A. Khanikaev, F. Golmar, P. Albella, L. Arzubiaga, F. Casanova, L. E. Hueso, P. Nordlander, G. Shvets, and R. Hillenbrand, “Real-space mapping of Fano interference in plasmonic metamolecules,” Nano Lett.11(9), 3922–3926 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. A. Fan, K. Bao, C. Wu, J. Bao, R. Bardhan, N. J. Halas, V. N. Manoharan, G. Shvets, P. Nordlander, and F. Capasso, “Fano-like interference in self-assembled plasmonic quadrumer clusters,” Nano Lett.10(11), 4680–4685 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. A. Fan, C. Wu, K. Bao, J. Bao, R. Bardhan, N. J. Halas, V. N. Manoharan, P. Nordlander, G. Shvets, and F. Capasso, “Self-assembled plasmonic nanoparticle clusters,” Science328(5982), 1135–1138 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. E. Miroshnichenko, S. Flach, and Y. S. Kivshar, “Fano resonances in nanoscale structures,” Rev. Mod. Phys.82(3), 2257–2298 (2010). [CrossRef]
- T. J. Davis, D. E. Gómez, and K. C. Vernon, “Simple model for the hybridization of surface plasmon resonances in metallic nanoparticles,” Nano Lett.10(7), 2618–2625 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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