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Electro-optical control in a plasmonic metamaterial hybridised with a liquid-crystal cellO. Buchnev, J. Y. Ou, M. Kaczmarek, N. I. Zheludev, and V. A. Fedotov »View Author Affiliations
O. Buchnev,1,2
J. Y. Ou,1,2
M. Kaczmarek,3
N. I. Zheludev,1,2
and V. A. Fedotov1,2,*
1Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK 2EPSRC Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK 3School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
*Corresponding author: vaf@orc.soton.ac.uk |
Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 2, pp. 1633-1638 (2013)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.001633
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Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate efficient electro-optical control in an active nano-structured plasmonic metamaterial hybridised with a liquid-crystal cell. The hybridisation was achieved by simultaneously replacing the polarizer, transparent electrode and molecular alignment layer of the liquid-crystal cell with the metamaterial nano-structure. With the control signal of only 7 V we have achieved a fivefold hysteresis-free modulation of metamaterial transmission at the wavelength of 1.55 µm.
© 2013 OSA
OCIS Codes
(230.2090) Optical devices : Electro-optical devices
(160.3918) Materials : Metamaterials
(310.6628) Thin films : Subwavelength structures, nanostructures
(310.6845) Thin films : Thin film devices and applications
ToC Category:
Metamaterials
History
Original Manuscript: November 21, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: December 28, 2012
Published: January 15, 2013
Citation
O. Buchnev, J. Y. Ou, M. Kaczmarek, N. I. Zheludev, and V. A. Fedotov, "Electro-optical control in a plasmonic metamaterial hybridised with a liquid-crystal cell," Opt. Express 21, 1633-1638 (2013)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-21-2-1633
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References
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- J. K. Gansel, M. Thiel, M. S. Rill, M. Decker, K. Bade, V. Saile, G. von Freymann, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Gold helix photonic metamaterial as broadband circular polarizer,” Science325(5947), 1513–1515 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Zhao, M. A. Belkin, and A. Alù, “Twisted optical metamaterials for planarized ultrathin broadband circular polarizers,” Nat Commun3, 870–873 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Aieta, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, N. Yu, R. Blanchard, Z. Gaburro, and F. Capasso, “Aberration-free ultrathin flat lenses and axicons at telecom wavelengths based on plasmonic metasurfaces,” Nano Lett.12(9), 4932–4936 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- T. Ergin, N. Stenger, P. Brenner, J. B. Pendry, and M. Wegener, “Three-dimensional invisibility cloak at optical wavelengths,” Science328(5976), 337–339 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- F. Aieta, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, N. Yu, R. Blanchard, Z. Gaburro, and F. Capasso, “Aberration-free ultrathin flat lenses and axicons at telecom wavelengths based on plasmonic metasurfaces,” Nano Lett.12(9), 4932–4936 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- H. Chen, C. T. Chan, and P. Sheng, “Transformation optics and metamaterials,” Nat. Mater.9(5), 387–396 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Hao, Y. Yuan, L. Ran, T. Jiang, J. A. Kong, C. T. Chan, and L. Zhou, “Manipulating electromagnetic wave polarizations by anisotropic metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett.99(6), 063908 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Chen, C. T. Chan, and P. Sheng, “Transformation optics and metamaterials,” Nat. Mater.9(5), 387–396 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Zhang, J.-Y. Ou, N. Papasimakis, Y. Chen, K. F. Macdonald, and N. I. Zheludev, “Continuous metal plasmonic frequency selective surfaces,” Opt. Express19(23), 23279–23285 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Plum, X. X. Liu, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Metamaterials: optical activity without chirality,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(11), 113902 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanostructured metal film with asymmetric optical transmission,” Nano Lett.8(9), 2940–2943 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. M. Huang, T. S. Kao, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanohole array as a lens,” Nano Lett.8(8), 2469–2472 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Optical magnetic mirrors,” J. Opt. A. Pure Appl. Opt.9(1), L1–L2 (2007). [CrossRef]
- V. A. Fedotov, P. L. Mladyonov, S. L. Prosvirnin, A. V. Rogacheva, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Asymmetric propagation of electromagnetic waves through a planar chiral structure,” Phys. Rev. Lett.97(16), 167401 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sh. Xiao, U. K. Chettiar, A. V. Kildishev, V. Drachev, I. C. Khoo, and V. M. Shalaev, “Tunable magnetic response of metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95(3), 033115 (2009). [CrossRef]
- D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, B. J. Justice, S. A. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. F. Starr, and D. R. Smith, “Metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies,” Science314(5801), 977–980 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. J. Liu, G. Y. Si, E. S. P. Leong, N. Xiang, A. J. Danner, and J. H. Teng, “Light-driven plasmonic color filters by overlaying photoresponsive liquid crystals on gold annular aperture arrays,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(23), OP131–OP135 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. K. Gansel, M. Thiel, M. S. Rill, M. Decker, K. Bade, V. Saile, G. von Freymann, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Gold helix photonic metamaterial as broadband circular polarizer,” Science325(5947), 1513–1515 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Decker, M. W. Klein, M. Wegener, and S. Linden, “Circular dichroism of planar chiral magnetic metamaterials,” Opt. Lett.32(7), 856–858 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Dickson, G. A. Wurtz, P. R. Evans, R. J. Pollard, and A. V. Zayats, “Electronically controlled surface plasmon dispersion and optical transmission through metallic hole arrays using liquid crystal,” Nano Lett.8(1), 281–286 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. R. Evans, G. A. Wurtz, W. R. Hendren, R. Atkinson, W. Dickson, A. V. Zayats, and R. J. Pollard, “Electrically switchable nonreciprocal transmission of plasmonic nanorods with liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91(4), 043101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- Sh. Xiao, U. K. Chettiar, A. V. Kildishev, V. Drachev, I. C. Khoo, and V. M. Shalaev, “Tunable magnetic response of metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95(3), 033115 (2009). [CrossRef]
- Q. Zhao, L. Kang, B. Du, B. Li, J. Zhou, H. Tang, Z. Liang, and B. Zhang, “Electrically tunable negative permeability metamaterials based on nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(1), 011112 (2007). [CrossRef]
- T. Ergin, N. Stenger, P. Brenner, J. B. Pendry, and M. Wegener, “Three-dimensional invisibility cloak at optical wavelengths,” Science328(5976), 337–339 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Dickson, G. A. Wurtz, P. R. Evans, R. J. Pollard, and A. V. Zayats, “Electronically controlled surface plasmon dispersion and optical transmission through metallic hole arrays using liquid crystal,” Nano Lett.8(1), 281–286 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. R. Evans, G. A. Wurtz, W. R. Hendren, R. Atkinson, W. Dickson, A. V. Zayats, and R. J. Pollard, “Electrically switchable nonreciprocal transmission of plasmonic nanorods with liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91(4), 043101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. Minovich, J. Farnell, D. N. Neshev, I. McKerracher, F. Karouta, J. Tian, D. A. Powell, I. V. Shadrivov, H. H. Tan, C. Jagadish, and Yu. S. Kivshar, “Liquid crystal based nonlinear fishnet metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett.100(12), 121113 (2012). [CrossRef]
- N. I. Zheludev, E. Plum, and V. A. Fedotov, “Metamaterial polarization spectral filter: isolated transmission line at any prescribed wavelength,” Appl. Phys. Lett.99(17), 171915 (2011). [CrossRef]
- E. Plum, X. X. Liu, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Metamaterials: optical activity without chirality,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(11), 113902 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. I. Zheludev, S. L. Prosvirnin, N. Papasimakis, and V. A. Fedotov, “Lasing spaser,” Nat. Photonics2(6), 351–354 (2008). [CrossRef]
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanostructured metal film with asymmetric optical transmission,” Nano Lett.8(9), 2940–2943 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. M. Huang, T. S. Kao, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanohole array as a lens,” Nano Lett.8(8), 2469–2472 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Optical magnetic mirrors,” J. Opt. A. Pure Appl. Opt.9(1), L1–L2 (2007). [CrossRef]
- V. A. Fedotov, P. L. Mladyonov, S. L. Prosvirnin, A. V. Rogacheva, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Asymmetric propagation of electromagnetic waves through a planar chiral structure,” Phys. Rev. Lett.97(16), 167401 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. V. Rogacheva, V. A. Fedotov, A. S. Schwanecke, and N. I. Zheludev, “Giant gyrotropy due to electromagnetic-field coupling in a bilayered chiral structure,” Phys. Rev. Lett.97(17), 177401 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- V. A. Fedotov, A. V. Rogacheva, N. I. Zheludev, P. L. Mladyonov, and S. L. Prosvirnin, “Mirror that does not change the phase of reflected waves,” Appl. Phys. Lett.88(9), 091119 (2006). [CrossRef]
- K. Aydin, V. E. Ferry, R. M. Briggs, and H. A. Atwater, “Broadband polarization-independent resonant light absorption using ultrathin plasmonic super absorbers,” Nat Commun2, 517–521 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Aieta, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, N. Yu, R. Blanchard, Z. Gaburro, and F. Capasso, “Aberration-free ultrathin flat lenses and axicons at telecom wavelengths based on plasmonic metasurfaces,” Nano Lett.12(9), 4932–4936 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Yu, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, F. Aieta, J.-Ph. Tetienne, F. Capasso, and Z. Gaburro, “Light propagation with phase discontinuities: generalized laws of reflection and refraction,” Science334(6054), 333–337 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. V. Novitsky, V. M. Galynsky, and S. V. Zhukovsky, “Asymmetric transmission in planar chiral split-ring metamaterials: Microscopic Lorentz-theory approach,” Phys. Rev. B86(7), 075138 (2012). [CrossRef]
- J. K. Gansel, M. Thiel, M. S. Rill, M. Decker, K. Bade, V. Saile, G. von Freymann, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Gold helix photonic metamaterial as broadband circular polarizer,” Science325(5947), 1513–1515 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Aieta, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, N. Yu, R. Blanchard, Z. Gaburro, and F. Capasso, “Aberration-free ultrathin flat lenses and axicons at telecom wavelengths based on plasmonic metasurfaces,” Nano Lett.12(9), 4932–4936 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Yu, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, F. Aieta, J.-Ph. Tetienne, F. Capasso, and Z. Gaburro, “Light propagation with phase discontinuities: generalized laws of reflection and refraction,” Science334(6054), 333–337 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Zhao, Ch. Zhang, P. V. Braun, and H. Giessen, “Large-area low-cost plasmonic nanostructures in the NIR for Fano resonant sensing,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(35), OP247–OP252 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- O. Hess, J. B. Pendry, S. A. Maier, R. F. Oulton, J. M. Hamm, and K. L. Tsakmakidis, “Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials,” Nat. Mater.11(7), 573–584 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Hao, Y. Yuan, L. Ran, T. Jiang, J. A. Kong, C. T. Chan, and L. Zhou, “Manipulating electromagnetic wave polarizations by anisotropic metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett.99(6), 063908 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Menzel, C. Helgert, C. Rockstuhl, E.-B. Kley, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, and F. Lederer, “Asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized light at optical metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett.104(25), 253902 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. R. Evans, G. A. Wurtz, W. R. Hendren, R. Atkinson, W. Dickson, A. V. Zayats, and R. J. Pollard, “Electrically switchable nonreciprocal transmission of plasmonic nanorods with liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91(4), 043101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- O. Hess, J. B. Pendry, S. A. Maier, R. F. Oulton, J. M. Hamm, and K. L. Tsakmakidis, “Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials,” Nat. Mater.11(7), 573–584 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. L. Tsakmakidis, A. D. Boardman, and O. Hess, “‘Trapped rainbow’ storage of light in metamaterials,” Nature450(7168), 397–401 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- Sh. Xiao, U. K. Chettiar, A. V. Kildishev, V. Drachev, I. C. Khoo, and V. M. Shalaev, “Tunable magnetic response of metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95(3), 033115 (2009). [CrossRef]
- F. Aieta, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, N. Yu, R. Blanchard, Z. Gaburro, and F. Capasso, “Aberration-free ultrathin flat lenses and axicons at telecom wavelengths based on plasmonic metasurfaces,” Nano Lett.12(9), 4932–4936 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Yu, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, F. Aieta, J.-Ph. Tetienne, F. Capasso, and Z. Gaburro, “Light propagation with phase discontinuities: generalized laws of reflection and refraction,” Science334(6054), 333–337 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Hao, Y. Yuan, L. Ran, T. Jiang, J. A. Kong, C. T. Chan, and L. Zhou, “Manipulating electromagnetic wave polarizations by anisotropic metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett.99(6), 063908 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Dickson, G. A. Wurtz, P. R. Evans, R. J. Pollard, and A. V. Zayats, “Electronically controlled surface plasmon dispersion and optical transmission through metallic hole arrays using liquid crystal,” Nano Lett.8(1), 281–286 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. R. Evans, G. A. Wurtz, W. R. Hendren, R. Atkinson, W. Dickson, A. V. Zayats, and R. J. Pollard, “Electrically switchable nonreciprocal transmission of plasmonic nanorods with liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91(4), 043101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- Q. Zhao, L. Kang, B. Du, B. Li, J. Zhou, H. Tang, Z. Liang, and B. Zhang, “Electrically tunable negative permeability metamaterials based on nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(1), 011112 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J. Zhao, Ch. Zhang, P. V. Braun, and H. Giessen, “Large-area low-cost plasmonic nanostructures in the NIR for Fano resonant sensing,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(35), OP247–OP252 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Zhao, Ch. Zhang, P. V. Braun, and H. Giessen, “Large-area low-cost plasmonic nanostructures in the NIR for Fano resonant sensing,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(35), OP247–OP252 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Zhang, W. Zhang, Q. Zhao, J. Sun, K. Qiu, J. Zhou, and D. Lippens, “Electrically controllable fishnet metamaterial based on nematic liquid crystal,” Opt. Express19(2), 1563–1568 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. Zhao, L. Kang, B. Du, B. Li, J. Zhou, H. Tang, Z. Liang, and B. Zhang, “Electrically tunable negative permeability metamaterials based on nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(1), 011112 (2007). [CrossRef]
- Y. Zhao, M. A. Belkin, and A. Alù, “Twisted optical metamaterials for planarized ultrathin broadband circular polarizers,” Nat Commun3, 870–873 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. I. Zheludev and Y. S. Kivshar, “From metamaterials to metadevices,” Nat. Mater.11(11), 917–924 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. I. Zheludev, E. Plum, and V. A. Fedotov, “Metamaterial polarization spectral filter: isolated transmission line at any prescribed wavelength,” Appl. Phys. Lett.99(17), 171915 (2011). [CrossRef]
- J. Zhang, J.-Y. Ou, N. Papasimakis, Y. Chen, K. F. Macdonald, and N. I. Zheludev, “Continuous metal plasmonic frequency selective surfaces,” Opt. Express19(23), 23279–23285 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Papasimakis and N. I. Zheludev, “Metamaterial-induced transparency,” Opt. Photon. News20(10), 22–25 (2009). [CrossRef]
- E. Plum, X. X. Liu, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Metamaterials: optical activity without chirality,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(11), 113902 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. I. Zheludev, S. L. Prosvirnin, N. Papasimakis, and V. A. Fedotov, “Lasing spaser,” Nat. Photonics2(6), 351–354 (2008). [CrossRef]
- F. M. Huang, T. S. Kao, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanohole array as a lens,” Nano Lett.8(8), 2469–2472 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanostructured metal film with asymmetric optical transmission,” Nano Lett.8(9), 2940–2943 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Optical magnetic mirrors,” J. Opt. A. Pure Appl. Opt.9(1), L1–L2 (2007). [CrossRef]
- V. A. Fedotov, A. V. Rogacheva, N. I. Zheludev, P. L. Mladyonov, and S. L. Prosvirnin, “Mirror that does not change the phase of reflected waves,” Appl. Phys. Lett.88(9), 091119 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. V. Rogacheva, V. A. Fedotov, A. S. Schwanecke, and N. I. Zheludev, “Giant gyrotropy due to electromagnetic-field coupling in a bilayered chiral structure,” Phys. Rev. Lett.97(17), 177401 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- V. A. Fedotov, P. L. Mladyonov, S. L. Prosvirnin, A. V. Rogacheva, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Asymmetric propagation of electromagnetic waves through a planar chiral structure,” Phys. Rev. Lett.97(16), 167401 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Zhang, W. Zhang, Q. Zhao, J. Sun, K. Qiu, J. Zhou, and D. Lippens, “Electrically controllable fishnet metamaterial based on nematic liquid crystal,” Opt. Express19(2), 1563–1568 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. Zhao, L. Kang, B. Du, B. Li, J. Zhou, H. Tang, Z. Liang, and B. Zhang, “Electrically tunable negative permeability metamaterials based on nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(1), 011112 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J. Hao, Y. Yuan, L. Ran, T. Jiang, J. A. Kong, C. T. Chan, and L. Zhou, “Manipulating electromagnetic wave polarizations by anisotropic metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett.99(6), 063908 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. V. Novitsky, V. M. Galynsky, and S. V. Zhukovsky, “Asymmetric transmission in planar chiral split-ring metamaterials: Microscopic Lorentz-theory approach,” Phys. Rev. B86(7), 075138 (2012). [CrossRef]
Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)
- J. Zhao, Ch. Zhang, P. V. Braun, and H. Giessen, “Large-area low-cost plasmonic nanostructures in the NIR for Fano resonant sensing,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(35), OP247–OP252 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. J. Liu, G. Y. Si, E. S. P. Leong, N. Xiang, A. J. Danner, and J. H. Teng, “Light-driven plasmonic color filters by overlaying photoresponsive liquid crystals on gold annular aperture arrays,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(23), OP131–OP135 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
- Sh. Xiao, U. K. Chettiar, A. V. Kildishev, V. Drachev, I. C. Khoo, and V. M. Shalaev, “Tunable magnetic response of metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95(3), 033115 (2009). [CrossRef]
- Q. Zhao, L. Kang, B. Du, B. Li, J. Zhou, H. Tang, Z. Liang, and B. Zhang, “Electrically tunable negative permeability metamaterials based on nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(1), 011112 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. Minovich, J. Farnell, D. N. Neshev, I. McKerracher, F. Karouta, J. Tian, D. A. Powell, I. V. Shadrivov, H. H. Tan, C. Jagadish, and Yu. S. Kivshar, “Liquid crystal based nonlinear fishnet metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett.100(12), 121113 (2012). [CrossRef]
- P. R. Evans, G. A. Wurtz, W. R. Hendren, R. Atkinson, W. Dickson, A. V. Zayats, and R. J. Pollard, “Electrically switchable nonreciprocal transmission of plasmonic nanorods with liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91(4), 043101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- N. I. Zheludev, E. Plum, and V. A. Fedotov, “Metamaterial polarization spectral filter: isolated transmission line at any prescribed wavelength,” Appl. Phys. Lett.99(17), 171915 (2011). [CrossRef]
- V. A. Fedotov, A. V. Rogacheva, N. I. Zheludev, P. L. Mladyonov, and S. L. Prosvirnin, “Mirror that does not change the phase of reflected waves,” Appl. Phys. Lett.88(9), 091119 (2006). [CrossRef]
J. Opt. A. Pure Appl. Opt.
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Optical magnetic mirrors,” J. Opt. A. Pure Appl. Opt.9(1), L1–L2 (2007). [CrossRef]
Nano Lett.
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanostructured metal film with asymmetric optical transmission,” Nano Lett.8(9), 2940–2943 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. M. Huang, T. S. Kao, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanohole array as a lens,” Nano Lett.8(8), 2469–2472 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Dickson, G. A. Wurtz, P. R. Evans, R. J. Pollard, and A. V. Zayats, “Electronically controlled surface plasmon dispersion and optical transmission through metallic hole arrays using liquid crystal,” Nano Lett.8(1), 281–286 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Aieta, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, N. Yu, R. Blanchard, Z. Gaburro, and F. Capasso, “Aberration-free ultrathin flat lenses and axicons at telecom wavelengths based on plasmonic metasurfaces,” Nano Lett.12(9), 4932–4936 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nat Commun
- Y. Zhao, M. A. Belkin, and A. Alù, “Twisted optical metamaterials for planarized ultrathin broadband circular polarizers,” Nat Commun3, 870–873 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Aydin, V. E. Ferry, R. M. Briggs, and H. A. Atwater, “Broadband polarization-independent resonant light absorption using ultrathin plasmonic super absorbers,” Nat Commun2, 517–521 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nat. Mater.
- H. Chen, C. T. Chan, and P. Sheng, “Transformation optics and metamaterials,” Nat. Mater.9(5), 387–396 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. I. Zheludev and Y. S. Kivshar, “From metamaterials to metadevices,” Nat. Mater.11(11), 917–924 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- O. Hess, J. B. Pendry, S. A. Maier, R. F. Oulton, J. M. Hamm, and K. L. Tsakmakidis, “Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials,” Nat. Mater.11(7), 573–584 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nat. Photonics
- C. M. Soukoulis and M. Wegener, “Past achievements and future challenges in the development of three-dimensional photonic metamaterials,” Nat. Photonics5, 523–528 (2011).
- N. I. Zheludev, S. L. Prosvirnin, N. Papasimakis, and V. A. Fedotov, “Lasing spaser,” Nat. Photonics2(6), 351–354 (2008). [CrossRef]
Nature
- K. L. Tsakmakidis, A. D. Boardman, and O. Hess, “‘Trapped rainbow’ storage of light in metamaterials,” Nature450(7168), 397–401 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Express
- F. Zhang, W. Zhang, Q. Zhao, J. Sun, K. Qiu, J. Zhou, and D. Lippens, “Electrically controllable fishnet metamaterial based on nematic liquid crystal,” Opt. Express19(2), 1563–1568 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Kang, J. H. Woo, E. Choi, H. H. Lee, E. S. Kim, J. Kim, T.-J. Hwang, Y.-S. Park, D. H. Kim, and J. W. Wu, “Optical switching of near infrared light transmission in metamaterial-liquid crystal cell structure,” Opt. Express18(16), 16492–16498 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Zhang, J.-Y. Ou, N. Papasimakis, Y. Chen, K. F. Macdonald, and N. I. Zheludev, “Continuous metal plasmonic frequency selective surfaces,” Opt. Express19(23), 23279–23285 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Lett.
- M. Decker, M. W. Klein, M. Wegener, and S. Linden, “Circular dichroism of planar chiral magnetic metamaterials,” Opt. Lett.32(7), 856–858 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Photon. News
- E. Ozbay, “The magical world of photonic metamaterials,” Opt. Photon. News19(11), 22–26 (2008). [CrossRef]
- N. Papasimakis and N. I. Zheludev, “Metamaterial-induced transparency,” Opt. Photon. News20(10), 22–25 (2009). [CrossRef]
Phys. Rev. B
- A. V. Novitsky, V. M. Galynsky, and S. V. Zhukovsky, “Asymmetric transmission in planar chiral split-ring metamaterials: Microscopic Lorentz-theory approach,” Phys. Rev. B86(7), 075138 (2012). [CrossRef]
Phys. Rev. Lett.
- V. A. Fedotov, P. L. Mladyonov, S. L. Prosvirnin, A. V. Rogacheva, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Asymmetric propagation of electromagnetic waves through a planar chiral structure,” Phys. Rev. Lett.97(16), 167401 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Menzel, C. Helgert, C. Rockstuhl, E.-B. Kley, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, and F. Lederer, “Asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized light at optical metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett.104(25), 253902 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. V. Rogacheva, V. A. Fedotov, A. S. Schwanecke, and N. I. Zheludev, “Giant gyrotropy due to electromagnetic-field coupling in a bilayered chiral structure,” Phys. Rev. Lett.97(17), 177401 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Hao, Y. Yuan, L. Ran, T. Jiang, J. A. Kong, C. T. Chan, and L. Zhou, “Manipulating electromagnetic wave polarizations by anisotropic metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett.99(6), 063908 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Plum, X. X. Liu, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Metamaterials: optical activity without chirality,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(11), 113902 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. I. Landy, S. Sajuyigbe, J. J. Mock, D. R. Smith, and W. J. Padilla, “Perfect metamaterial absorber,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100(20), 207402 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Science
- R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz, “Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction,” Science292(5514), 77–79 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, B. J. Justice, S. A. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. F. Starr, and D. R. Smith, “Metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies,” Science314(5801), 977–980 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Ergin, N. Stenger, P. Brenner, J. B. Pendry, and M. Wegener, “Three-dimensional invisibility cloak at optical wavelengths,” Science328(5976), 337–339 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Yu, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, F. Aieta, J.-Ph. Tetienne, F. Capasso, and Z. Gaburro, “Light propagation with phase discontinuities: generalized laws of reflection and refraction,” Science334(6054), 333–337 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. K. Gansel, M. Thiel, M. S. Rill, M. Decker, K. Bade, V. Saile, G. von Freymann, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Gold helix photonic metamaterial as broadband circular polarizer,” Science325(5947), 1513–1515 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2012, Novitsky, Phys. Rev. B
- A. V. Novitsky, V. M. Galynsky, and S. V. Zhukovsky, “Asymmetric transmission in planar chiral split-ring metamaterials: Microscopic Lorentz-theory approach,” Phys. Rev. B86(7), 075138 (2012). [CrossRef]
- O. Hess, J. B. Pendry, S. A. Maier, R. F. Oulton, J. M. Hamm, and K. L. Tsakmakidis, “Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials,” Nat. Mater.11(7), 573–584 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Zhao, M. A. Belkin, and A. Alù, “Twisted optical metamaterials for planarized ultrathin broadband circular polarizers,” Nat Commun3, 870–873 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Zhao, Ch. Zhang, P. V. Braun, and H. Giessen, “Large-area low-cost plasmonic nanostructures in the NIR for Fano resonant sensing,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(35), OP247–OP252 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. I. Zheludev and Y. S. Kivshar, “From metamaterials to metadevices,” Nat. Mater.11(11), 917–924 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Minovich, J. Farnell, D. N. Neshev, I. McKerracher, F. Karouta, J. Tian, D. A. Powell, I. V. Shadrivov, H. H. Tan, C. Jagadish, and Yu. S. Kivshar, “Liquid crystal based nonlinear fishnet metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett.100(12), 121113 (2012). [CrossRef]
- F. Aieta, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, N. Yu, R. Blanchard, Z. Gaburro, and F. Capasso, “Aberration-free ultrathin flat lenses and axicons at telecom wavelengths based on plasmonic metasurfaces,” Nano Lett.12(9), 4932–4936 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. J. Liu, G. Y. Si, E. S. P. Leong, N. Xiang, A. J. Danner, and J. H. Teng, “Light-driven plasmonic color filters by overlaying photoresponsive liquid crystals on gold annular aperture arrays,” Adv. Mater. (Deerfield Beach Fla.)24(23), OP131–OP135 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Yu, P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, F. Aieta, J.-Ph. Tetienne, F. Capasso, and Z. Gaburro, “Light propagation with phase discontinuities: generalized laws of reflection and refraction,” Science334(6054), 333–337 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. M. Soukoulis and M. Wegener, “Past achievements and future challenges in the development of three-dimensional photonic metamaterials,” Nat. Photonics5, 523–528 (2011).
- N. I. Zheludev, E. Plum, and V. A. Fedotov, “Metamaterial polarization spectral filter: isolated transmission line at any prescribed wavelength,” Appl. Phys. Lett.99(17), 171915 (2011). [CrossRef]
- K. Aydin, V. E. Ferry, R. M. Briggs, and H. A. Atwater, “Broadband polarization-independent resonant light absorption using ultrathin plasmonic super absorbers,” Nat Commun2, 517–521 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Ergin, N. Stenger, P. Brenner, J. B. Pendry, and M. Wegener, “Three-dimensional invisibility cloak at optical wavelengths,” Science328(5976), 337–339 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Chen, C. T. Chan, and P. Sheng, “Transformation optics and metamaterials,” Nat. Mater.9(5), 387–396 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Menzel, C. Helgert, C. Rockstuhl, E.-B. Kley, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, and F. Lederer, “Asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized light at optical metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett.104(25), 253902 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sh. Xiao, U. K. Chettiar, A. V. Kildishev, V. Drachev, I. C. Khoo, and V. M. Shalaev, “Tunable magnetic response of metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95(3), 033115 (2009). [CrossRef]
- N. Papasimakis and N. I. Zheludev, “Metamaterial-induced transparency,” Opt. Photon. News20(10), 22–25 (2009). [CrossRef]
- J. K. Gansel, M. Thiel, M. S. Rill, M. Decker, K. Bade, V. Saile, G. von Freymann, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, “Gold helix photonic metamaterial as broadband circular polarizer,” Science325(5947), 1513–1515 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Plum, X. X. Liu, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev, “Metamaterials: optical activity without chirality,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(11), 113902 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. I. Landy, S. Sajuyigbe, J. J. Mock, D. R. Smith, and W. J. Padilla, “Perfect metamaterial absorber,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100(20), 207402 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. I. Zheludev, S. L. Prosvirnin, N. Papasimakis, and V. A. Fedotov, “Lasing spaser,” Nat. Photonics2(6), 351–354 (2008). [CrossRef]
- W. Dickson, G. A. Wurtz, P. R. Evans, R. J. Pollard, and A. V. Zayats, “Electronically controlled surface plasmon dispersion and optical transmission through metallic hole arrays using liquid crystal,” Nano Lett.8(1), 281–286 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanostructured metal film with asymmetric optical transmission,” Nano Lett.8(9), 2940–2943 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. M. Huang, T. S. Kao, V. A. Fedotov, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Nanohole array as a lens,” Nano Lett.8(8), 2469–2472 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Ozbay, “The magical world of photonic metamaterials,” Opt. Photon. News19(11), 22–26 (2008). [CrossRef]
- Q. Zhao, L. Kang, B. Du, B. Li, J. Zhou, H. Tang, Z. Liang, and B. Zhang, “Electrically tunable negative permeability metamaterials based on nematic liquid crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(1), 011112 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. S. Schwanecke, V. A. Fedotov, V. V. Khardikov, S. L. Prosvirnin, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Optical magnetic mirrors,” J. Opt. A. Pure Appl. Opt.9(1), L1–L2 (2007). [CrossRef]
- P. R. Evans, G. A. Wurtz, W. R. Hendren, R. Atkinson, W. Dickson, A. V. Zayats, and R. J. Pollard, “Electrically switchable nonreciprocal transmission of plasmonic nanorods with liquid crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91(4), 043101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- K. L. Tsakmakidis, A. D. Boardman, and O. Hess, “‘Trapped rainbow’ storage of light in metamaterials,” Nature450(7168), 397–401 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Hao, Y. Yuan, L. Ran, T. Jiang, J. A. Kong, C. T. Chan, and L. Zhou, “Manipulating electromagnetic wave polarizations by anisotropic metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett.99(6), 063908 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- V. A. Fedotov, A. V. Rogacheva, N. I. Zheludev, P. L. Mladyonov, and S. L. Prosvirnin, “Mirror that does not change the phase of reflected waves,” Appl. Phys. Lett.88(9), 091119 (2006). [CrossRef]
- V. A. Fedotov, P. L. Mladyonov, S. L. Prosvirnin, A. V. Rogacheva, Y. Chen, and N. I. Zheludev, “Asymmetric propagation of electromagnetic waves through a planar chiral structure,” Phys. Rev. Lett.97(16), 167401 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, B. J. Justice, S. A. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. F. Starr, and D. R. Smith, “Metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies,” Science314(5801), 977–980 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. V. Rogacheva, V. A. Fedotov, A. S. Schwanecke, and N. I. Zheludev, “Giant gyrotropy due to electromagnetic-field coupling in a bilayered chiral structure,” Phys. Rev. Lett.97(17), 177401 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz, “Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction,” Science292(5514), 77–79 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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