Effect of the defect on photoluminescence property of Al-coated ZnO nanostructures

doi:10.1364/OE.21.003492

Effect of the defect on photoluminescence property of Al-coated ZnO nanostructures

Yanjun Fang, Yewu Wang, Lin Gu, Ren Lu, and Jian Sha »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 3, pp. 3492-3500 (2013)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.003492

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Abstract

The room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra of hydrothermal grown ZnO film and nanowires coated with Al are investigated, which exhibit much less UV emission enhancement ratio as against that of nanowires fabricated by thermal evaporation method. A model is suggested at last to interpret the experimental results considering the influence of the defect on the contact property between metal and ZnO, which is further evidenced by the weak PL enhancement ratio of thermal evaporation grown ZnO nanowires with H₂O₂ treatment.

OCIS Codes
(250.5230) Optoelectronics : Photoluminescence
(160.4236) Materials : Nanomaterials

ToC Category:
Optoelectronics

History
Original Manuscript: January 3, 2013
Revised Manuscript: January 29, 2013
Manuscript Accepted: January 29, 2013
Published: February 4, 2013

Citation
Yanjun Fang, Yewu Wang, Lin Gu, Ren Lu, and Jian Sha, "Effect of the defect on photoluminescence property of Al-coated ZnO nanostructures," Opt. Express 21, 3492-3500 (2013)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-21-3-3492

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References

C. W. Cheng, E. J. Sie, B. Liu, C. H. A. Huan, T. C. Sum, H. D. Sun, and H. J. Fan, “Surface plasmon enhanced band edge luminescence of ZnO nanorods by capping Au nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96(7), 071107 (2010). [CrossRef]
Y. J. Fang, J. Sha, Z. L. Wang, Y. T. Wan, W. W. Xia, and Y. W. Wang, “Behind the change of the photoluminescence property of metal-coated ZnO nanowire arrays,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(3), 033103 (2011). [CrossRef]
C. W. Lai, J. An, and H. C. Ong, “Surface-plasmon-mediated emission from metal-capped ZnO thin films,” Appl. Phys. Lett.86(25), 251105 (2005). [CrossRef]
J. Song, X. Y. An, J. Y. Zhou, Y. X. Liu, W. Wang, X. D. Li, W. Lan, and E. Q. Xie, “Investigation of enhanced ultraviolet emission from different Ti-capped ZnO structures via surface passivation and surface plasmon coupling,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97(12), 122103 (2010). [CrossRef]
J. P. Richters, A. Dev, S. Muller, R. Niepelt, C. Borschel, C. Ronning, and T. Voss, “Influence of metallic coatings on the photoluminescence properties of ZnO nanowires,” Phys. Status Solidi (RRL)3(5), 166–168 (2009). [CrossRef]
M. Mahanti, T. Ghosh, and D. Basak, “Enhanced near band edge luminescence of Ti/ZnO nanorod heterostructures due to the surface diffusion of Ti,” Nanoscale3(10), 4427–4433 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. Dev, J. P. Richters, J. Sartor, H. Kalt, J. Gutowski, and T. Voss, “Enhancement of the near-band-edge photoluminescence of ZnO nanowires: Important role of hydrogen incorporation versus plasmon resonances,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(13), 131111 (2011). [CrossRef]
X. D. Zhou, X. H. Xiao, J. X. Xu, G. X. Cai, F. Ren, and C. Z. Jiang, “Mechanism of the enhancement and quenching of ZnO photoluminescence by ZnO-Ag coupling,” EPL93(5), 57009 (2011). [CrossRef]
Y. Tak and K. J. Yong, “Controlled growth of well-aligned ZnO nanorod array using a novel solution method,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(41), 19263–19269 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L. E. Greene, M. Law, D. H. Tan, M. Montano, J. Goldberger, G. Somorjai, and P. D. Yang, “General route to vertical ZnO nanowire arrays using textured ZnO seeds,” Nano Lett.5(7), 1231–1236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. J. Fang, Y. W. Wang, Y. T. Wan, Z. L. Wang, and J. Sha, “Detailed Study on Photoluminescence Property and Growth Mechanism of ZnO Nanowire Arrays Grown by Thermal Evaporation,” J. Phys. Chem. C114(29), 12469–12476 (2010). [CrossRef]
Z. Xu, H. P. He, L. W. Sun, Y. Z. Jin, B. H. Zhao, and Z. Z. Ye, “Localized exciton emission from ZnO nanocrystalline films,” J. Appl. Phys.107(5), 053524 (2010). [CrossRef]
B. K. Meyer, H. Alves, D. M. Hofmann, W. Kriegseis, D. Forster, F. Bertram, J. Christen, A. Hoffmann, M. Straßburg, M. Dworzak, U. Haboeck, and A. V. Rodina, “Bound exciton and donor–acceptor pair recombinations in ZnO,” Phys. Status Solidi241(2), 231–260 (2004) (b). [CrossRef]
M. Leroux, N. Grandjean, B. Beaumont, G. Nataf, F. Semond, J. Massies, and P. Gibart, “Temperature quenching of photoluminescence intensities in undoped and doped GaN,” J. Appl. Phys.86(7), 3721–3728 (1999). [CrossRef]
Y. Wang, H. He, Y. Zhang, L. Sun, L. Hu, K. Wu, J. Huang, and Z. Ye, “Metal enhanced photoluminescence from Al-capped ZnMgO films: The roles of plasmonic coupling and non-radiative recombination,” Appl. Phys. Lett.100(11), 112103 (2012). [CrossRef]
V. Kolkovsky, L. Scheffler, E. Hieckmann, E. V. Lavrov, and J. Weber, “Schottky contacts on differently grown n-type ZnO single crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(8), 082104 (2011). [CrossRef]
M. Riaz, J. H. Song, O. Nur, Z. L. Wang, and M. Willander, “Study of the Piezoelectric Power Generation of ZnO Nanowire Arrays Grown by Different Methods,” Adv. Funct. Mater.21(4), 628–633 (2011). [CrossRef]
K. Ip, G. T. Thaler, H. Yang, S. Youn Han, Y. Li, D. P. Norton, S. J. Pearton, S. Jang, and F. Ren, “Contacts to ZnO,” J. Cryst. Growth287(1), 149–156 (2006). [CrossRef]
S. Lany and A. Zunger, “Dopability, intrinsic conductivity, and nonstoichiometry of transparent conducting oxides,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98(4), 045501 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Li, Y. H. Leung, A. B. Djurišić, Z. T. Liu, M. H. Xie, S. L. Shi, S. J. Xu, and W. K. Chan, “Different origins of visible luminescence in ZnO nanostructures fabricated by the chemical and evaporation methods,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(9), 1601–1603 (2004). [CrossRef]
C. H. Tsai, W. C. Wang, F. L. Jenq, C. C. Liu, C. I. Hung, and M. P. Houng, “Surface modification of ZnO film by hydrogen peroxide solution,” J. Appl. Phys.104(5), 053521 (2008). [CrossRef]
P. Ágoston, K. Albe, R. M. Nieminen, and M. J. Puska, “Intrinsic n-Type Behavior in Transparent Conducting Oxides: A Comparative Hybrid-Functional Study of In2O3, SnO2, and ZnO,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103(24), 245501 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. S. Kim and C. H. Park, “Rich Variety of Defects in ZnO via an Attractive Interaction between O Vacancies and Zn Interstitials: Origin of n-Type Doping,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(8), 086403 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Ágoston, P.
Albe, K.
Alves, H.
An, J.
An, X. Y.
Basak, D.
Beaumont, B.
Bertram, F.
Borschel, C.
Cai, G. X.
Chan, W. K.
Cheng, C. W.
Christen, J.
Dev, A.
Djurišic, A. B.
Dworzak, M.
Fan, H. J.
Fang, Y. J.
Forster, D.
Ghosh, T.
Gibart, P.
Goldberger, J.
Grandjean, N.
Greene, L. E.
Gutowski, J.
Haboeck, U.
He, H.
He, H. P.
Hieckmann, E.
Hoffmann, A.
Hofmann, D. M.
Houng, M. P.
Hu, L.
Huan, C. H. A.
Huang, J.
Hung, C. I.
Ip, K.
Jang, S.
Jenq, F. L.
Jiang, C. Z.
Jin, Y. Z.
Kalt, H.
Kim, Y. S.
Kolkovsky, V.
Kriegseis, W.
Lai, C. W.
Lan, W.
Lany, S.
Lavrov, E. V.
Law, M.
Leroux, M.
Leung, Y. H.
Li, D.
Li, X. D.
Li, Y.
Liu, B.
Liu, C. C.
Liu, Y. X.
Liu, Z. T.
Mahanti, M.
Massies, J.
Meyer, B. K.
Montano, M.
Muller, S.
Nataf, G.
Nieminen, R. M.
Niepelt, R.
Norton, D. P.
Nur, O.
Ong, H. C.
Park, C. H.
Pearton, S. J.
Puska, M. J.
Ren, F.
Riaz, M.
Richters, J. P.
Rodina, A. V.
Ronning, C.
Sartor, J.
Scheffler, L.
Semond, F.
Sha, J.
Shi, S. L.
Sie, E. J.
Somorjai, G.
Song, J.
Song, J. H.
Straßburg, M.
Sum, T. C.
Sun, H. D.
Sun, L.
Sun, L. W.
Tak, Y.
Tan, D. H.
Thaler, G. T.
Tsai, C. H.
Voss, T.
Wan, Y. T.
Wang, W.
Wang, W. C.
Wang, Y.
Wang, Y. W.
Wang, Z. L.
Weber, J.
Willander, M.
Wu, K.
Xia, W. W.
Xiao, X. H.
Xie, E. Q.
Xie, M. H.
Xu, J. X.
Xu, S. J.
Xu, Z.
Yang, H.
Yang, P. D.
Ye, Z.
Ye, Z. Z.
Yong, K. J.
Youn Han, S.
Zhang, Y.
Zhao, B. H.
Zhou, J. Y.
Zhou, X. D.
Zunger, A.

Adv. Funct. Mater.

M. Riaz, J. H. Song, O. Nur, Z. L. Wang, and M. Willander, “Study of the Piezoelectric Power Generation of ZnO Nanowire Arrays Grown by Different Methods,” Adv. Funct. Mater.21(4), 628–633 (2011). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

Y. Wang, H. He, Y. Zhang, L. Sun, L. Hu, K. Wu, J. Huang, and Z. Ye, “Metal enhanced photoluminescence from Al-capped ZnMgO films: The roles of plasmonic coupling and non-radiative recombination,” Appl. Phys. Lett.100(11), 112103 (2012). [CrossRef]
V. Kolkovsky, L. Scheffler, E. Hieckmann, E. V. Lavrov, and J. Weber, “Schottky contacts on differently grown n-type ZnO single crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(8), 082104 (2011). [CrossRef]
C. W. Cheng, E. J. Sie, B. Liu, C. H. A. Huan, T. C. Sum, H. D. Sun, and H. J. Fan, “Surface plasmon enhanced band edge luminescence of ZnO nanorods by capping Au nanoparticles,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96(7), 071107 (2010). [CrossRef]
Y. J. Fang, J. Sha, Z. L. Wang, Y. T. Wan, W. W. Xia, and Y. W. Wang, “Behind the change of the photoluminescence property of metal-coated ZnO nanowire arrays,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(3), 033103 (2011). [CrossRef]
C. W. Lai, J. An, and H. C. Ong, “Surface-plasmon-mediated emission from metal-capped ZnO thin films,” Appl. Phys. Lett.86(25), 251105 (2005). [CrossRef]
J. Song, X. Y. An, J. Y. Zhou, Y. X. Liu, W. Wang, X. D. Li, W. Lan, and E. Q. Xie, “Investigation of enhanced ultraviolet emission from different Ti-capped ZnO structures via surface passivation and surface plasmon coupling,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97(12), 122103 (2010). [CrossRef]
A. Dev, J. P. Richters, J. Sartor, H. Kalt, J. Gutowski, and T. Voss, “Enhancement of the near-band-edge photoluminescence of ZnO nanowires: Important role of hydrogen incorporation versus plasmon resonances,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(13), 131111 (2011). [CrossRef]
D. Li, Y. H. Leung, A. B. Djurišić, Z. T. Liu, M. H. Xie, S. L. Shi, S. J. Xu, and W. K. Chan, “Different origins of visible luminescence in ZnO nanostructures fabricated by the chemical and evaporation methods,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(9), 1601–1603 (2004). [CrossRef]

EPL

X. D. Zhou, X. H. Xiao, J. X. Xu, G. X. Cai, F. Ren, and C. Z. Jiang, “Mechanism of the enhancement and quenching of ZnO photoluminescence by ZnO-Ag coupling,” EPL93(5), 57009 (2011). [CrossRef]

J. Appl. Phys.

Z. Xu, H. P. He, L. W. Sun, Y. Z. Jin, B. H. Zhao, and Z. Z. Ye, “Localized exciton emission from ZnO nanocrystalline films,” J. Appl. Phys.107(5), 053524 (2010). [CrossRef]
C. H. Tsai, W. C. Wang, F. L. Jenq, C. C. Liu, C. I. Hung, and M. P. Houng, “Surface modification of ZnO film by hydrogen peroxide solution,” J. Appl. Phys.104(5), 053521 (2008). [CrossRef]
M. Leroux, N. Grandjean, B. Beaumont, G. Nataf, F. Semond, J. Massies, and P. Gibart, “Temperature quenching of photoluminescence intensities in undoped and doped GaN,” J. Appl. Phys.86(7), 3721–3728 (1999). [CrossRef]

J. Cryst. Growth

K. Ip, G. T. Thaler, H. Yang, S. Youn Han, Y. Li, D. P. Norton, S. J. Pearton, S. Jang, and F. Ren, “Contacts to ZnO,” J. Cryst. Growth287(1), 149–156 (2006). [CrossRef]

J. Phys. Chem. B

Y. Tak and K. J. Yong, “Controlled growth of well-aligned ZnO nanorod array using a novel solution method,” J. Phys. Chem. B109(41), 19263–19269 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

J. Phys. Chem. C

Y. J. Fang, Y. W. Wang, Y. T. Wan, Z. L. Wang, and J. Sha, “Detailed Study on Photoluminescence Property and Growth Mechanism of ZnO Nanowire Arrays Grown by Thermal Evaporation,” J. Phys. Chem. C114(29), 12469–12476 (2010). [CrossRef]

Nano Lett.

L. E. Greene, M. Law, D. H. Tan, M. Montano, J. Goldberger, G. Somorjai, and P. D. Yang, “General route to vertical ZnO nanowire arrays using textured ZnO seeds,” Nano Lett.5(7), 1231–1236 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nanoscale

M. Mahanti, T. Ghosh, and D. Basak, “Enhanced near band edge luminescence of Ti/ZnO nanorod heterostructures due to the surface diffusion of Ti,” Nanoscale3(10), 4427–4433 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

S. Lany and A. Zunger, “Dopability, intrinsic conductivity, and nonstoichiometry of transparent conducting oxides,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98(4), 045501 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. Ágoston, K. Albe, R. M. Nieminen, and M. J. Puska, “Intrinsic n-Type Behavior in Transparent Conducting Oxides: A Comparative Hybrid-Functional Study of In2O3, SnO2, and ZnO,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103(24), 245501 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. S. Kim and C. H. Park, “Rich Variety of Defects in ZnO via an Attractive Interaction between O Vacancies and Zn Interstitials: Origin of n-Type Doping,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(8), 086403 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Status Solidi

B. K. Meyer, H. Alves, D. M. Hofmann, W. Kriegseis, D. Forster, F. Bertram, J. Christen, A. Hoffmann, M. Straßburg, M. Dworzak, U. Haboeck, and A. V. Rodina, “Bound exciton and donor–acceptor pair recombinations in ZnO,” Phys. Status Solidi241(2), 231–260 (2004) (b). [CrossRef]

Phys. Status Solidi (RRL)

J. P. Richters, A. Dev, S. Muller, R. Niepelt, C. Borschel, C. Ronning, and T. Voss, “Influence of metallic coatings on the photoluminescence properties of ZnO nanowires,” Phys. Status Solidi (RRL)3(5), 166–168 (2009). [CrossRef]

2012, Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2011, Kolkovsky, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2011, Riaz, Adv. Funct. Mater.
2011, Fang, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2011, Mahanti, Nanoscale
2011, Dev, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2011, Zhou, EPL
2010, Song, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2010, Fang, J. Phys. Chem. C
2010, Xu, J. Appl. Phys.
2010, Cheng, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2009, Ágoston, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2009, Kim, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2009, Richters, Phys. Status Solidi (RRL)
2008, Tsai, J. Appl. Phys.
2007, Lany, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2006, Ip, J. Cryst. Growth
2005, Lai, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2005, Tak, J. Phys. Chem. B
2005, Greene, Nano Lett.
2004, Meyer, Phys. Status Solidi
2004, Li, Appl. Phys. Lett.
1999, Leroux, J. Appl. Phys.

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