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Diffraction in air-clad fibres

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Abstract

The angular transmissivity of high numerical aperture air-clad fibres is measured as a function of skewness of the launched light. Within the experimental limits the measured transmissivity of skew rays is significantly lower compared to theoretical predictions for air-clad fibres with uniform cladding surfaces. The discrepancy is attributed to diffractive losses of skew rays from the periodic corrugations at the pump core-cladding air interface.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Close-up of periodically corrugated core-cladding interface of in-house fabricated air-clad fibre.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of experimental setup. (a) A HeNe laser probe is focused into the core of the air-clad fibre at incident angle (γ) onto the corrugated core-cladding interface. (b) Illustration of the definition of the level of skewness (ξ) of the incident beam; dotted circles represents approximate position of the beam.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Transmissivity of air-clad fibre for different input angles as a function of skewness of launch field, solid line represents the transmissivity of light launched at 10°, the dashed line 15°, the dotted line 20° and the dash-dotted line 30°. Inset: Farfield image of diffracted light emerging from side of air-clad fibre.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Conical diffraction angle, β, for orders m=+1 (solid line), and m=-1 (dotted line), with incident light of angle γ=20 as a function of skewness, ξ.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Far-field measurements of fibre output for a collimated 60° degree input beam.

Equations (2)

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m λ d = cos ( ε ) ( sin α + sin β ) ,
m λ d = cos ( 90 γ ) ( 90 ξ + sin β ) .
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