Focus shaping using cylindrical vector beams

doi:10.1364/OE.10.000324

Optics Express

Editor: Michael Duncan
Vol. 10, Iss. 7 — Apr. 8, 2002
pp: 324–331

Focus shaping using cylindrical vector beams

Qiwen Zhan and James Leger »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 10, Issue 7, pp. 324-331 (2002)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.10.000324

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Abstract

We report a focus shaping technique using generalized cylindrical vector beams. A generalized cylindrical vector beam can be decomposed into radially polarized and azimuthally polarized components. Such a generalized cylindrical beam can be generated from a radially polarized or an azimuthally polarized light using a two-half-wave-plate polarization rotator. The intensity pattern at the focus can be tailored by appropriately adjusting the rotation angle. Peak-centered, donut and flattop focal shapes can be obtained using this technique.

[Optical Society of America ]

OCIS Codes
(110.2990) Imaging systems : Image formation theory
(140.3300) Lasers and laser optics : Laser beam shaping
(170.4520) Medical optics and biotechnology : Optical confinement and manipulation
(260.5430) Physical optics : Polarization

ToC Category:
Research Papers

History
Original Manuscript: February 20, 2002
Revised Manuscript: March 27, 2002
Published: April 8, 2002

Citation
Qiwen Zhan and James Leger, "Focus shaping using cylindrical vector beams," Opt. Express 10, 324-331 (2002)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-10-7-324

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References

D. Pohl, �Operation of a Ruby laser in the purely transverse electric mode TE01,� Appl. Phys. Lett. 20, 266-267 (1972). [CrossRef]
M. W. Beijersbergen, L. Allen, H. E. L. O. van der Veen and J. P. Woerdman, �Astignmatic laser mode converters and transfer of orbital angular momentum,� Opt. Commun. 96, 123-132 (1993). [CrossRef]
M. W. Beijerbergen, R. P. C. Coerwinkel, M. Kristensen, J. P. Woerdman, �Helical-wavefront laser beam produced with a spiral phaseplate,� Opt. Commun. 112. 321-327 (1994). [CrossRef]
M. Stalder and M. Schadt, �Linearly polarized light with axial symmetry generated by liquid-crystal polarization converters,� Opt. Lett. 21, 1948-1950 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Oron, N. Davidson, A. A. Friesem and E. Hasman, �Efficient formation of pure helical laser beams,� Opt. Commun. 182, 205-208 (2000). [CrossRef]
R. Oron, S. Blit, N. Davidson, A. A. Friesem, Z. Bomzon and E. Hasman, �The formation of laser beams with pure azimuthal or radial polarization,� Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 3322-3324 (2000). [CrossRef]
K. Schuster, �Radial polarization-rotating optical arrangement and microlithographic projection exposure system incorporating said arrangement,� US patent 6191880 B1 (2001).
L. E. Helseth, �Roles of polarization, phase and amplitude in solid immersion lens system,� Opt. Commun. 191, 161-172 (2001). [CrossRef]
S. Quabis, R. Dorn, M. Eberler, O. Gl�ckl and G. Leuchs, �The focus of light- theoretical calculation and experimental tomographic reconstruction,� Appl. Phys. B 72, 109-113 (2001). [CrossRef]
S. Quabis, R. Dorn, M. Eberler, O. Gl�ckl and G. Leuchs, �Focusing light into a tighter spot,� Opt. Commun. 179, 1-7 (2000). [CrossRef]
K. S. Youngworth and T. G. Brown, �Focusing of high numerical aperture cylindrical vector beams,� Opt. Express 7, 77-87 (2000), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-7-2-77">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-7-2-77</a>. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. P. Biss and T. G. brown, �Cylindrical vector beam focusing through a dielectric interface,� Opt. Express 9, 490-497 (2001), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-10-490">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-10-490</a>. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H. Kano, S. Mizuguchi and S. Kawata, �Excitation of surface-plasmon polaritons by a focused laser beam,� J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 15, 1381-1386 (1998). [CrossRef]
H. He, M. E. J. Friese, N. R. Heckenberg and H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, �Direct observation of transfer of angular momentum to absorptive particle from a laser beam with a phase singularity,� Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 826-829 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Courtial, D. A. Robertson, K. Dholakia, L. Allen and M. J. Padgett, �Rotational frequency shift of a light beam,� Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 4828-4830 (1998). [CrossRef]
B. Hafizi, E. Esarey and P. Sprangle, �Laser-driven acceleration with Bessel beams,� Phys. Rev. E 55, 3539-3545 (1997). [CrossRef]
T. Kuga, Y. Torii, N. Shiokawa, T. Hirano, Y. Shimizu and H. Sasada, �Novel optical trap of atoms with a doughnut beam,� Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 4713-4716 (1997). [CrossRef]
S. Sato, Y. Harada and Y. Waseda, �Optical trapping of microscopic metal particles,� Opt. Lett. 19, 1807-1809 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
V. G. Niziev and A. V. Nesterov, �Influence of beam polarization on laser cutting efficiency,� J. Phys. D 32, 1455-1461 (1999). [CrossRef]
Qiwen Zhan and James R. Leger, �Microellipsometer with radial symmetry,� submitted to Appl. Opt.
E. Wolf, �Electromagnetic diffraction in optical systems I. An integral representation of the image field,� Proc. R. Soc. Ser. A 253, pp. 349-357 (1959). [CrossRef]
B. Richards and E. Wolf, �Electromagnetic diffraction in optical systems II. Structure of the image field in an aplanatic system,� Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 253, 358-379 (1959). [CrossRef]
Min Gu (editor), Advanced optical imaging theory, 75 (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1999
Y. Harada, T. Asakura, �Radiation forces on a dielectric sphere in the Rayleigh scattering regime,� Opt. Commun. 124, 529-541 (1996).

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[1] D. Pohl, �Operation of a Ruby laser in the purely transverse electric mode TE01,� Appl. Phys. Lett. 20, 266-267 (1972). [CrossRef]

[2] M. W. Beijersbergen, L. Allen, H. E. L. O. van der Veen and J. P. Woerdman, �Astignmatic laser mode converters and transfer of orbital angular momentum,� Opt. Commun. 96, 123-132 (1993). [CrossRef]

[3] M. W. Beijerbergen, R. P. C. Coerwinkel, M. Kristensen, J. P. Woerdman, �Helical-wavefront laser beam produced with a spiral phaseplate,� Opt. Commun. 112. 321-327 (1994). [CrossRef]

[4] M. Stalder and M. Schadt, �Linearly polarized light with axial symmetry generated by liquid-crystal polarization converters,� Opt. Lett. 21, 1948-1950 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] R. Oron, N. Davidson, A. A. Friesem and E. Hasman, �Efficient formation of pure helical laser beams,� Opt. Commun. 182, 205-208 (2000). [CrossRef]

[6] R. Oron, S. Blit, N. Davidson, A. A. Friesem, Z. Bomzon and E. Hasman, �The formation of laser beams with pure azimuthal or radial polarization,� Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 3322-3324 (2000). [CrossRef]

[7] K. Schuster, �Radial polarization-rotating optical arrangement and microlithographic projection exposure system incorporating said arrangement,� US patent 6191880 B1 (2001).

[8] L. E. Helseth, �Roles of polarization, phase and amplitude in solid immersion lens system,� Opt. Commun. 191, 161-172 (2001). [CrossRef]

[9] S. Quabis, R. Dorn, M. Eberler, O. Gl�ckl and G. Leuchs, �The focus of light- theoretical calculation and experimental tomographic reconstruction,� Appl. Phys. B 72, 109-113 (2001). [CrossRef]

[10] S. Quabis, R. Dorn, M. Eberler, O. Gl�ckl and G. Leuchs, �Focusing light into a tighter spot,� Opt. Commun. 179, 1-7 (2000). [CrossRef]

[11] K. S. Youngworth and T. G. Brown, �Focusing of high numerical aperture cylindrical vector beams,� Opt. Express 7, 77-87 (2000), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-7-2-77">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-7-2-77</a>. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[12] D. P. Biss and T. G. brown, �Cylindrical vector beam focusing through a dielectric interface,� Opt. Express 9, 490-497 (2001), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-10-490">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-10-490</a>. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[13] H. Kano, S. Mizuguchi and S. Kawata, �Excitation of surface-plasmon polaritons by a focused laser beam,� J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 15, 1381-1386 (1998). [CrossRef]

[14] H. He, M. E. J. Friese, N. R. Heckenberg and H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, �Direct observation of transfer of angular momentum to absorptive particle from a laser beam with a phase singularity,� Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 826-829 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[15] J. Courtial, D. A. Robertson, K. Dholakia, L. Allen and M. J. Padgett, �Rotational frequency shift of a light beam,� Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 4828-4830 (1998). [CrossRef]

[16] B. Hafizi, E. Esarey and P. Sprangle, �Laser-driven acceleration with Bessel beams,� Phys. Rev. E 55, 3539-3545 (1997). [CrossRef]

[17] T. Kuga, Y. Torii, N. Shiokawa, T. Hirano, Y. Shimizu and H. Sasada, �Novel optical trap of atoms with a doughnut beam,� Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 4713-4716 (1997). [CrossRef]

[18] S. Sato, Y. Harada and Y. Waseda, �Optical trapping of microscopic metal particles,� Opt. Lett. 19, 1807-1809 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[19] V. G. Niziev and A. V. Nesterov, �Influence of beam polarization on laser cutting efficiency,� J. Phys. D 32, 1455-1461 (1999). [CrossRef]

[20] Qiwen Zhan and James R. Leger, �Microellipsometer with radial symmetry,� submitted to Appl. Opt.

[21] E. Wolf, �Electromagnetic diffraction in optical systems I. An integral representation of the image field,� Proc. R. Soc. Ser. A 253, pp. 349-357 (1959). [CrossRef]

[22] B. Richards and E. Wolf, �Electromagnetic diffraction in optical systems II. Structure of the image field in an aplanatic system,� Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 253, 358-379 (1959). [CrossRef]

[23] Min Gu (editor), Advanced optical imaging theory, 75 (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1999

[24] Y. Harada, T. Asakura, �Radiation forces on a dielectric sphere in the Rayleigh scattering regime,� Opt. Commun. 124, 529-541 (1996).

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Focus shaping using cylindrical vector beams