Optimizing bending efficiency of self-collimated beams in non-channel planar photonic crystal waveguides

doi:10.1364/OE.11.003153

Optics Express

Editor: Michael Duncan
Vol. 11, Iss. 23 — Nov. 17, 2003
pp: 3153–3159

Optimizing bending efficiency of self-collimated beams in non-channel planar photonic crystal waveguides

Caihua Chen, Ahmed Sharkawy, David Pustai, Shouyuan Shi, and Dennis Prather »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 11, Issue 23, pp. 3153-3159 (2003)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.11.003153

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Abstract
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Abstract

In this paper, we propose a device to bend light in non-channel planar photonic crystal (PhC) waveguides using the self-collimation phenomenon. The mode distribution in a non-channel planar PhC waveguide is investigated in detail in order to help understand the proposed bending mechanism. Three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations show an over 80% bending efficiency for a 90° bend. As the first proposal for bending light in a non-channel planar PhC waveguide, the presented device enables the application of routing in non-channel planar PhC waveguides.

OCIS Codes
(220.0220) Optical design and fabrication : Optical design and fabrication
(230.7400) Optical devices : Waveguides, slab

ToC Category:
Research Papers

History
Original Manuscript: August 4, 2003
Revised Manuscript: October 27, 2003
Published: November 17, 2003

Citation
Caihua Chen, Ahmed Sharkawy, David Pustai, Shouyuan Shi, and Dennis Prather, "Optimizing bending efficiency of self-collimated beams in non-channel planar photonic crystal waveguides," Opt. Express 11, 3153-3159 (2003)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-11-23-3153

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References

E. Yablonovitch, "Inhibited Spontaneous Emission in Solid-State Physics and Electronics," Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2059-2062 (1987). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. John, "Strong Localization of Photons in Certain Disordered Dielectric Superlattices," Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2486-2489 (1987). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. D.Joannopoulos, R. D.Meade, and J. N.Winn, PhCs: Molding the Flow of Light (Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1995).
P. R. Villeneuve, S. Fan, and J. D. Joannopoulos, "Microcavities in PhCs: Mode Symmetry, Tunability, and Coupling Efficiency," Phys. Rev. B 54, 7837-7842 (1996). [CrossRef]
A. Chutinan and S. Noda, "Waveguides and waveguide bends in two-dimensional PhC slabs," Phys. Rev. B 62, 4488-4492 (2000). [CrossRef]
J. Witzens, M. Loncar, and A. Scherer, "Self-Collimation in Planar PhCs," IEEE J. of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 8, 1246 (2002). [CrossRef]
H. Kosaka, T. Kawashima, A. Tomita, M. Notomi, T. Tamamura, T. Sato, and S. Kawakami, "Self-collimating phenomena in PhCs," Appl. Phy. Lett. 74, 1212 (1999). [CrossRef]
D. N. Chigrin, S. Enoch, C. M. S. Torres, and G. Tayeb, "Self-guiding in two-dimensional PhCs," Optics Express 11, 1203 (2003). <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-10-1203">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-10-1203</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Witzens and A. Scherer, "Efficient excitation of self-collimated beams and single Bloch modes in planar PhCs," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 20, 935 (2003). [CrossRef]
A. Taflove and S. C. Hagness, Computational Electromagnetics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (Artech House, Boston, 2000).
S. G. Johnson and J. D. Joannopoulos, "Block-Iterative Frequency-Domain Methods for Maxwell's Equations in a Planewave Basis," Opt. Express 8, 173-180 (2001). <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-8-3-173">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-8-3-173</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. G. Hunsperger, Integrated Optics: Theory and Technology (Springer, Tokyo, 1995).
J. P. Berenger, "Effective PML for the absorption of evanescent waves in waveguides," IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters 8, 188-190 (1998). [CrossRef]
Z. Ma and E. S. Yamashita, "Performance of the modified Berenger PML absorbing boundary condition for evanescent waves in three-dimensional structures," presented at Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC, 1997.

APMC 1997

Z. Ma and E. S. Yamashita, "Performance of the modified Berenger PML absorbing boundary condition for evanescent waves in three-dimensional structures," presented at Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC, 1997.

Appl. Phy. Lett.

H. Kosaka, T. Kawashima, A. Tomita, M. Notomi, T. Tamamura, T. Sato, and S. Kawakami, "Self-collimating phenomena in PhCs," Appl. Phy. Lett. 74, 1212 (1999). [CrossRef]

IEEE J. Selected Topics in Quantum Elect

J. Witzens, M. Loncar, and A. Scherer, "Self-Collimation in Planar PhCs," IEEE J. of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 8, 1246 (2002). [CrossRef]

IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters

J. P. Berenger, "Effective PML for the absorption of evanescent waves in waveguides," IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters 8, 188-190 (1998). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

J. Witzens and A. Scherer, "Efficient excitation of self-collimated beams and single Bloch modes in planar PhCs," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 20, 935 (2003). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

S. G. Johnson and J. D. Joannopoulos, "Block-Iterative Frequency-Domain Methods for Maxwell's Equations in a Planewave Basis," Opt. Express 8, 173-180 (2001). <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-8-3-173">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-8-3-173</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Optics Express

D. N. Chigrin, S. Enoch, C. M. S. Torres, and G. Tayeb, "Self-guiding in two-dimensional PhCs," Optics Express 11, 1203 (2003). <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-10-1203">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-10-1203</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. B

P. R. Villeneuve, S. Fan, and J. D. Joannopoulos, "Microcavities in PhCs: Mode Symmetry, Tunability, and Coupling Efficiency," Phys. Rev. B 54, 7837-7842 (1996). [CrossRef]
A. Chutinan and S. Noda, "Waveguides and waveguide bends in two-dimensional PhC slabs," Phys. Rev. B 62, 4488-4492 (2000). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

E. Yablonovitch, "Inhibited Spontaneous Emission in Solid-State Physics and Electronics," Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2059-2062 (1987). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. John, "Strong Localization of Photons in Certain Disordered Dielectric Superlattices," Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2486-2489 (1987). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Other

J. D.Joannopoulos, R. D.Meade, and J. N.Winn, PhCs: Molding the Flow of Light (Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1995).
A. Taflove and S. C. Hagness, Computational Electromagnetics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (Artech House, Boston, 2000).
R. G. Hunsperger, Integrated Optics: Theory and Technology (Springer, Tokyo, 1995).

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