Polarization splitter based on photonic crystal fibers

doi:10.1364/OE.11.001015

Optics Express

Editor: Michael Duncan
Vol. 11, Iss. 9 — May. 5, 2003
pp: 1015–1020

Polarization splitter based on photonic crystal fibers

Lin Zhang and Changxi Yang »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 11, Issue 9, pp. 1015-1020 (2003)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.11.001015

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Abstract

We report a new kind of polarization splitter based on dual-core photonic crystal fibers. The polarization splitter has a symmetric directional coupler configuration. Each core exhibits high birefringence, which gives rise to an adequate difference in the coupling lengths for the two orthogonal polarizations. A 1.7-mm-long splitter is obtained with the splitting ratio better than -11 dB and a bandwidth of 40 nm. The relationship between the length of the polarization splitter and the diameter of the air hole in the middle of the two cores is discussed.

[Optical Society of America ]

OCIS Codes
(060.0060) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fiber optics and optical communications
(060.2340) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fiber optics components
(230.1360) Optical devices : Beam splitters
(230.3990) Optical devices : Micro-optical devices

ToC Category:
Research Papers

History
Original Manuscript: August 8, 2002
Revised Manuscript: April 20, 2003
Published: May 5, 2003

Citation
Lin Zhang and Changxi Yang, "Polarization splitter based on photonic crystal fibers," Opt. Express 11, 1015-1020 (2003)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-11-9-1015

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References

J. J. G. M. van der Tol, J. W. Pedersen, E. G. Metaal, Y. S. Oei, H. van Brog, and I. Moerman, �??Mode evolution type polarization splitter on InGaAsP/InP,�?? IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 5, 1412 �??1414 (1993). [CrossRef]
J. J. G. M. van der Tol, J. W. Pedersen, E. G. Metaal, J. J. �??W. van Gaalen, Y. S. Oei, and F. H. Groen, �??A short polarization splitter without metal overlays on InGaAsP-InP,�?? IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 9, 209-211 (1997). [CrossRef]
T. Hayakawa, S. Asakawa, Y. Kokubun, �??Arrow-B type polarization splitter with asymmetric Y-branch fabricated by a self-alignment process,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 1165-1170 (1997). [CrossRef]
P. Wei, W. Wang, �??A TE-TM mode splitter on lithium niobate using Ti, Ni, and MgO diffusions,�?? IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 6, 245-248 (1994). [CrossRef]
A. N. Miliou, R. Srivastava, and R. V. Ramaswamy, �??A 1.3-µm directional coupler polarization splitter by Ion exchange,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 11, 220-225 (1993). [CrossRef]
K. Thyagarajam, and S. Pilevar, �??Resonant tunneling three-waveguide polarization splitter,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 10, 1334-1337 (1992). [CrossRef]
K. Lin, W. Chuang, and W. Lee, �??Proposal and analysis of an ultrashort directional coupler polarization splitter with an NLC coupling layer,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 14, 2547-2553 (1996). [CrossRef]
J. C. Knight, J. Broeng, T. A. Birks, and P. St. J. Russell, �??Photonic band gap guidance in optical fibers,�?? Science 282, 1476-1478 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. C. Knight, P. St. J. Russell, �??Photonic crystal fibers: new ways to guide light,�?? Science 296, 276-277 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
F. Fogli, L. Saccomandi, P. Bassi, G. Bellanca, and S. Trillo, �??Full vectorial BPM modeling of indexguiding photonic crystal fibers and couplers,�?? Opt. Express 10, 54-59 (2002). <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-1-54"> http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-1-54</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
B. J. Mangan, J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, and A. H. Greenaway, �??Experimental study of dual-core photonic crystal fibre,�?? Electronics Letters 36, 1358-1359 (2000). [CrossRef]
G. Kakarantzas, B. J. Mangan, T. A. Birks, J. C. Knight, and P. St. J. Russell, �??Directional coupling in a twin core photonic crystal fiber using heat treatment,�?? in Proc. CLEO Europe �?? Technical Digest 2001, (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2001), 599-600 paper JTuD2.
P. M. Blanchard, J. G. Burnett, G. R. G. Erry, A. H. Greenaway, P. Harrison, B. Mangan, J. C. Knight, P. St. J. Russell, M. J. Gander, R. McBride, J. D. C. Jones, �??Two-dimensional bend sensing with a single multicore optical fiber,�?? Smart Mater. Struct. 9, 132-140 (2000). [CrossRef]
T. A. Birks, J. C. Knight, B. J. Mangan, and P. St. J. Russell, �??Seeing things in a hole new light �?? photonic crystal fibers,�?? in Proc. APOC 2001, Proc. SPIE 4532, 206-219 (2001). [CrossRef]
T. M. Monro, D. J. Richardson, N. G. R. Broderick, and P. J. Bennett, �??Modeling large air fraction holey optical fibers,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 18, 50-56 (2000). [CrossRef]
A. Ferrando, E. Silvestre, J. J. Miret, P. Andre´s, and M. V. Andre´s, �??Full-vector analysis of a realistic photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Lett. 24, 276�??278 (1999). [CrossRef]
B. T. Kuhlmey, T. P. White, G. Renversez, D. Maystre, L. C. Botten, C. Martijn de Sterke, and R. C. McPhedran, �??Multipole method for microstructured optical fibers. I. Formulation,�?? J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19 2331-2340 (2002). [CrossRef]
B. J. Eggleton, P. S. Westbrook, C. A. White, C. Kerbage, R. S. Windeler, and G. L. Burdge, �??Claddingmode-resonances in air�??silica microstructure optical fibers,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 18, 1084�??1100 (2000). [CrossRef]

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[1] J. J. G. M. van der Tol, J. W. Pedersen, E. G. Metaal, Y. S. Oei, H. van Brog, and I. Moerman, �??Mode evolution type polarization splitter on InGaAsP/InP,�?? IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 5, 1412 �??1414 (1993). [CrossRef]

[2] J. J. G. M. van der Tol, J. W. Pedersen, E. G. Metaal, J. J. �??W. van Gaalen, Y. S. Oei, and F. H. Groen, �??A short polarization splitter without metal overlays on InGaAsP-InP,�?? IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 9, 209-211 (1997). [CrossRef]

[3] T. Hayakawa, S. Asakawa, Y. Kokubun, �??Arrow-B type polarization splitter with asymmetric Y-branch fabricated by a self-alignment process,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 1165-1170 (1997). [CrossRef]

[4] P. Wei, W. Wang, �??A TE-TM mode splitter on lithium niobate using Ti, Ni, and MgO diffusions,�?? IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 6, 245-248 (1994). [CrossRef]

[5] A. N. Miliou, R. Srivastava, and R. V. Ramaswamy, �??A 1.3-µm directional coupler polarization splitter by Ion exchange,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 11, 220-225 (1993). [CrossRef]

[6] K. Thyagarajam, and S. Pilevar, �??Resonant tunneling three-waveguide polarization splitter,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 10, 1334-1337 (1992). [CrossRef]

[7] K. Lin, W. Chuang, and W. Lee, �??Proposal and analysis of an ultrashort directional coupler polarization splitter with an NLC coupling layer,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 14, 2547-2553 (1996). [CrossRef]

[8] J. C. Knight, J. Broeng, T. A. Birks, and P. St. J. Russell, �??Photonic band gap guidance in optical fibers,�?? Science 282, 1476-1478 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] J. C. Knight, P. St. J. Russell, �??Photonic crystal fibers: new ways to guide light,�?? Science 296, 276-277 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] F. Fogli, L. Saccomandi, P. Bassi, G. Bellanca, and S. Trillo, �??Full vectorial BPM modeling of indexguiding photonic crystal fibers and couplers,�?? Opt. Express 10, 54-59 (2002). <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-1-54"> http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-1-54</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] B. J. Mangan, J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, and A. H. Greenaway, �??Experimental study of dual-core photonic crystal fibre,�?? Electronics Letters 36, 1358-1359 (2000). [CrossRef]

[12] G. Kakarantzas, B. J. Mangan, T. A. Birks, J. C. Knight, and P. St. J. Russell, �??Directional coupling in a twin core photonic crystal fiber using heat treatment,�?? in Proc. CLEO Europe �?? Technical Digest 2001, (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2001), 599-600 paper JTuD2.

[13] P. M. Blanchard, J. G. Burnett, G. R. G. Erry, A. H. Greenaway, P. Harrison, B. Mangan, J. C. Knight, P. St. J. Russell, M. J. Gander, R. McBride, J. D. C. Jones, �??Two-dimensional bend sensing with a single multicore optical fiber,�?? Smart Mater. Struct. 9, 132-140 (2000). [CrossRef]

[14] T. A. Birks, J. C. Knight, B. J. Mangan, and P. St. J. Russell, �??Seeing things in a hole new light �?? photonic crystal fibers,�?? in Proc. APOC 2001, Proc. SPIE 4532, 206-219 (2001). [CrossRef]

[15] T. M. Monro, D. J. Richardson, N. G. R. Broderick, and P. J. Bennett, �??Modeling large air fraction holey optical fibers,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 18, 50-56 (2000). [CrossRef]

[16] A. Ferrando, E. Silvestre, J. J. Miret, P. Andre´s, and M. V. Andre´s, �??Full-vector analysis of a realistic photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Lett. 24, 276�??278 (1999). [CrossRef]

[17] B. T. Kuhlmey, T. P. White, G. Renversez, D. Maystre, L. C. Botten, C. Martijn de Sterke, and R. C. McPhedran, �??Multipole method for microstructured optical fibers. I. Formulation,�?? J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19 2331-2340 (2002). [CrossRef]

[18] B. J. Eggleton, P. S. Westbrook, C. A. White, C. Kerbage, R. S. Windeler, and G. L. Burdge, �??Claddingmode-resonances in air�??silica microstructure optical fibers,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 18, 1084�??1100 (2000). [CrossRef]

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Polarization splitter based on photonic crystal fibers