Analysis of ring-structured Bragg fibres for single TE mode guidance

doi:10.1364/OPEX.12.002688

Analysis of ring-structured Bragg fibres for single TE mode guidance

Alexander Argyros, Ian Bassett, Martijn van Eijkelenborg, and Maryanne Large »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 12, Issue 12, pp. 2688-2698 (2004)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OPEX.12.002688

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Abstract

Ring-structured Bragg fibres that support a single TE-polarisation mode are investigated. The fibre designs consist of a hollow core and rings of holes concentric with the core, which form the low-index layers of the Bragg reflector in the cladding. The effects of varying the air fraction in each ring of holes on the transmission properties of the fibres are analysed and an approximate model based on homogenisation is explored. Surface modes and transitions thereof are also discussed.

OCIS Codes
(060.2280) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fiber design and fabrication
(060.2430) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fibers, single-mode
(230.1480) Optical devices : Bragg reflectors
(230.5440) Optical devices : Polarization-selective devices
(260.5430) Physical optics : Polarization

ToC Category:
Research Papers

History
Original Manuscript: April 20, 2004
Revised Manuscript: May 31, 2004
Published: June 14, 2004

Citation
Alexander Argyros, Ian Bassett, Martijn van Eijkelenborg, and Maryanne Large, "Analysis of ring-structured Bragg fibres for single TE mode guidance," Opt. Express 12, 2688-2698 (2004)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-12-12-2688

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References

P. Russell, �??Photonic crystal fibers,�?? Science 299, 358-62 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. A. Birks, J.C. Knight, P. St. J. Russell, �??Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Lett. 22, 961-3 (1997). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. F. Cregan, B. J. Managan, J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, P. J. Roberts, D. C. Allen, �??Single-mode photonic band gap guidance of light in air,�?? Science 285, 1537-9 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. G. Johnson, M. Ibanescu, M. Skorobogatiy, O. Weisberg, T. D. Engeness, M. Soljacic, S. A. Jacobs, J. D. Joannopoulos, Y. Fink, �??Low-loss asymptotically single-mode propagation in large-core OmniGuide fibers,�?? Opt. Express 9, 748-79 (2001), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-748.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-748."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
B. Temelkuran, S. D. Hart, G. Benoit, J. D. Joannopoulos, Y. Fink, �??Wavelength-scalable hollow optical fibres with large photonic bandgaps for CO2 laser transmission,�?? Nature 420, 650-3 (2002) [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. Argyros, I. M. Bassett, M. A. van Eijkelenborg, M. C. J. large, J. Zagari, N. A. P. Nicorovici, R. C. McPhedran, C. M. de Sterke, �??Ring structures in microstructured polymer optical fibres,�?? Opt. Express 9, 813-20 (2001), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-813.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-813."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. Argyros, N.A. Issa, I. Bassett, M. A. van Eijkelenborg, �??Microstructured optical fiber for single-polarization air guidance,�?? Opt. Lett. 29, 20-2 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
25G. Vienne, Y. Xu, H. J. Deyerl, T. P. Hansen, B. H. Larsen, J. B. Jensen, T. Sorensen, M. Terrel, Y. Huang, R. Lee, N. A. Mortensen, J. Broeng, H. Simonsen, A. Bjarklev, A. Yariv, �??First demonstration of air-silica Bragg fiber,�?? Optical Fiber Communication Conference & Exposition Postdeadline Papers (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2004), PDP25.
I. Bassett, A. Argyros, �??Elimination of polarization degeneracy in round waveguides,�?? Opt. Express 10, 1342-6 (2002), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-23-1342.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-23-1342."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. Argyros, �??Guided modes and loss in Bragg fibres,�?? Opt. Express 10, 1411-7 (2002), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-24-1411.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-24-1411."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Noda, K. Okamoto, Y. Sasaki, �??Polarization maintaining fibers and their applications,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 4, 1071-89 (1986). [CrossRef]
A. Ferrando, J. J. Miret, �??Single-polarization single-mode intraband guidance in supersquare photonic crystals fibers,�?? App. Phys. Lett. 78, 3184-6 (2001). [CrossRef]
N.A. Issa, L. Poladian, �??Vector wave expansion method for leaky modes of microstructured optical fibres,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 1005-12 (2003). [CrossRef]
K. Sakoda, Optical Properties of Photonic Crystals, Chapter 2 (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2001).
H. A. McLeod, Thin-film optical filters, Chapter 5 (Adam Hilger Ltd, London, 1969)
Y. Xu, A. Yariv, J. G. Fleming, S.-Y. Lin, �??Asymptotic analysis of silicon based Bragg fibers,�?? Opt. Express 11, 1039-49 (2003), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-9-1039.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-9-1039."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. E. Golowich, M. I. Weinstein, �??Homogenisation expansion for resonances of microstructured photonic waveguides,�?? J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20, 633-47 (2003). [CrossRef]
V. Rastogi, K. S. Chiang, �??Holey optical fiber with circularly distributed holes analyzed by the radial effective-index method,�?? Opt. Lett. 28, 2449-51 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
The example used for comparison in Ref. [14] was re-modelled using the same method as for the rest of the calculations presented here. This method is more accurate than that used for the original comparison, and yielded the agreement quoted here, which differs from the original in [14].
G.W. Milton, The theory of composites, (Cambridge University Press, London, 2001).
A.W. Snyder, J.D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory, Chapter 30 (Chapman and Hall, New York, 1983).
K. Saitoh, N. A. Mortensen, M .Koshiba, �??Air-core photonic band-gap fibers: the impact of surface modes,�?? Opt. Express 12, 394-400 (2004) <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-3-394.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-3-394."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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[1] P. Russell, �??Photonic crystal fibers,�?? Science 299, 358-62 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[2] T. A. Birks, J.C. Knight, P. St. J. Russell, �??Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Lett. 22, 961-3 (1997). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[3] R. F. Cregan, B. J. Managan, J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, P. J. Roberts, D. C. Allen, �??Single-mode photonic band gap guidance of light in air,�?? Science 285, 1537-9 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[4] S. G. Johnson, M. Ibanescu, M. Skorobogatiy, O. Weisberg, T. D. Engeness, M. Soljacic, S. A. Jacobs, J. D. Joannopoulos, Y. Fink, �??Low-loss asymptotically single-mode propagation in large-core OmniGuide fibers,�?? Opt. Express 9, 748-79 (2001), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-748.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-748."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] B. Temelkuran, S. D. Hart, G. Benoit, J. D. Joannopoulos, Y. Fink, �??Wavelength-scalable hollow optical fibres with large photonic bandgaps for CO2 laser transmission,�?? Nature 420, 650-3 (2002) [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] A. Argyros, I. M. Bassett, M. A. van Eijkelenborg, M. C. J. large, J. Zagari, N. A. P. Nicorovici, R. C. McPhedran, C. M. de Sterke, �??Ring structures in microstructured polymer optical fibres,�?? Opt. Express 9, 813-20 (2001), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-813.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-813."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] A. Argyros, N.A. Issa, I. Bassett, M. A. van Eijkelenborg, �??Microstructured optical fiber for single-polarization air guidance,�?? Opt. Lett. 29, 20-2 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[8] 25G. Vienne, Y. Xu, H. J. Deyerl, T. P. Hansen, B. H. Larsen, J. B. Jensen, T. Sorensen, M. Terrel, Y. Huang, R. Lee, N. A. Mortensen, J. Broeng, H. Simonsen, A. Bjarklev, A. Yariv, �??First demonstration of air-silica Bragg fiber,�?? Optical Fiber Communication Conference & Exposition Postdeadline Papers (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 2004), PDP25.

[9] I. Bassett, A. Argyros, �??Elimination of polarization degeneracy in round waveguides,�?? Opt. Express 10, 1342-6 (2002), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-23-1342.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-23-1342."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] A. Argyros, �??Guided modes and loss in Bragg fibres,�?? Opt. Express 10, 1411-7 (2002), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-24-1411.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-24-1411."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] J. Noda, K. Okamoto, Y. Sasaki, �??Polarization maintaining fibers and their applications,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 4, 1071-89 (1986). [CrossRef]

[12] A. Ferrando, J. J. Miret, �??Single-polarization single-mode intraband guidance in supersquare photonic crystals fibers,�?? App. Phys. Lett. 78, 3184-6 (2001). [CrossRef]

[13] N.A. Issa, L. Poladian, �??Vector wave expansion method for leaky modes of microstructured optical fibres,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 1005-12 (2003). [CrossRef]

[14] K. Sakoda, Optical Properties of Photonic Crystals, Chapter 2 (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2001).

[15] H. A. McLeod, Thin-film optical filters, Chapter 5 (Adam Hilger Ltd, London, 1969)

[16] Y. Xu, A. Yariv, J. G. Fleming, S.-Y. Lin, �??Asymptotic analysis of silicon based Bragg fibers,�?? Opt. Express 11, 1039-49 (2003), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-9-1039.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-9-1039."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[17] S. E. Golowich, M. I. Weinstein, �??Homogenisation expansion for resonances of microstructured photonic waveguides,�?? J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20, 633-47 (2003). [CrossRef]

[18] V. Rastogi, K. S. Chiang, �??Holey optical fiber with circularly distributed holes analyzed by the radial effective-index method,�?? Opt. Lett. 28, 2449-51 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[19] The example used for comparison in Ref. [14] was re-modelled using the same method as for the rest of the calculations presented here. This method is more accurate than that used for the original comparison, and yielded the agreement quoted here, which differs from the original in [14].

[20] G.W. Milton, The theory of composites, (Cambridge University Press, London, 2001).

[21] A.W. Snyder, J.D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory, Chapter 30 (Chapman and Hall, New York, 1983).

[22] K. Saitoh, N. A. Mortensen, M .Koshiba, �??Air-core photonic band-gap fibers: the impact of surface modes,�?? Opt. Express 12, 394-400 (2004) <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-3-394.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-3-394."</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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Analysis of ring-structured Bragg fibres for single TE mode guidance