Stable self-focused beams in a photorefractive Bi12TiO20 crystal

doi:10.1364/OPEX.12.004993

Optics Express

Editor: Michael Duncan
Vol. 12, Iss. 20 — Oct. 4, 2004
pp: 4993–4998

Stable self-focused beams in a photorefractive Bi12TiO20 crystal

Evelin Weidner, Armin Kiessling, and Richard Kowarschik »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 12, Issue 20, pp. 4993-4998 (2004)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OPEX.12.004993

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Abstract
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References (16)
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Abstract

We present experimental results on the self-focusing of light beams in a photorefractive, optically active Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ crystal. Using circular polarization of the input HeNe laser beam we succeeded to create a stable self-focused, asymmetric light-beam over several hours. Depending on external parameters, like the external electric field and the intensity ratio, a transient symmetric state is observed.

OCIS Codes
(160.5320) Materials : Photorefractive materials
(190.5330) Nonlinear optics : Photorefractive optics

ToC Category:
Research Papers

History
Original Manuscript: September 3, 2004
Revised Manuscript: September 29, 2004
Published: October 4, 2004

Citation
Evelin Weidner, Armin Kiessling, and Richard Kowarschik, "Stable self-focused beams in a photorefractive Bi12TiO20 crystal," Opt. Express 12, 4993-4998 (2004)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-12-20-4993

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References

M. Shih, P. Leach, M. Segev, M. H. Garret, G. Salamo, and G. C. Valley, �??Two-dimensional steady-state photorefractive screening solitons,�?? Opt. Lett. 21, 324�??326 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. C. Duree, J. L. Shultz, G. J. Salamo, M. Segev, A. Yariv, B. Crosignani, P. Di Porto, E. J. Sharp, and R. R. Neurgaonkar, �??Observation of self-trapping of an optical beam due to the photorefractive effect,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 533�??536 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Weilnau, M. Ahles, J. Petter, D. Träger, J. Schröder, and C. Denz, �??Spatial optical (2+1)-dimensional scalarand vector-solitons in saturable nonlinear media,�?? Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 11, 573-629 (2002). [CrossRef]
E. Fazio, W. Ramadan, M. Bertolotti, A. Petris, and V. I. Vlad, �??Complete characterization of (2+1)D soliton formation in photorefractive crystals with strong optical activity,�?? J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 5 S119�??S123 (2003). [CrossRef]
M. D. Iturbe Castillo, P. A. Marquez Aguilar, J. J. Sanchez-Mondragon, S. Stepanov, and V. Vysloukh, �??Spatial solitons in photorefractive Bi12TiO20 with drift mechanism of nonlinearity,�?? Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 408�??410 (1994). [CrossRef]
N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, �??Experimental study of the self-focusing process temporal beahvior in photorefractive Bi12TiO20,�?? J. Appl. Phys. 85, 2062�??2067 (1999). [CrossRef]
A. A. Zozulya, D. Z. Anderson, �??Nonstationary self-focusing in photorefractive media,�?? Opt. Lett. 20, 837�??839 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, �??Build up mechanisms of (1+1)-dimensional photorefractive bright spatial quasi-steady-state and screening solitons,�?? Opt. Commun. 145, 393�??400 (1998 [CrossRef]
M. Wesner, C. Herden, R. Pankrath, D. Kip, and P. Moretti, �??Temporal development of photorefractive solitons up to telecommunication wavelengths in strontium-barium niobate waveguides,�?? Phys. Rev. E 64, 036613- �??036613-4 (2001). [CrossRef]
C. Hesse, N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, and G. Kugel, �??Self-focusing of a continuous laser beam in KnbO3 in the presence of an externally applied electric field,�?? Opt. Mat. 18, 187�??190 (2001). [CrossRef]
N. Fressengeas, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, �??Temporal behavior of bidimensional photorefractive bright spatial solitons,�?? Phys. Rev. E 54, 6866�??6875 (1996). [CrossRef]
W. Królikowski, N. Akhmediev, D. R. Andersen, and B. Luther-Davis, �??Effect of natural optical activity on the propagation of photorefractive solitons,�?? Opt. Commun. 132, 179�??189 (1996). [CrossRef]
M. Segev, M. Shih, and G. C. Valley, �??Photorefractive screening solitons of high and low intensity,�?? J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 13, 706�??718 (1996). [CrossRef]
G. S. García Quirino, M. D. Iturbe Castillo, J. J. Sánchez-Mondragón, S. Stepanov, and V. Vysloukh, �??Intrferometric measurements of the photoinduced refractive index profiles in photorefractive Bi12TiO20 crystal,�?? Opt. Commun. 123, 597�??602 (1996). [CrossRef]
A. A. Zozulya, D. Z. Anderson, �??Propagation of an optical beam in a photorefractive medium in the presence of a photogalvanic nonlinearity or an externally applied electric field,�?? Phys. Rev. A 51, 1520�??1531 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
N. Korneev, P. A. Márquez Aguilar, J. J. Sánchez Mondragón, S. Stepanov, M. Klein, and B. Wechsler, �??Anisotropy of steady-state two-dimensional lenses in photorefractive crystals with drift nonlinearity,�?? J. Mod. Opt. 43, 311�??321 (1996). [CrossRef]

Ann. Phys.

C. Weilnau, M. Ahles, J. Petter, D. Träger, J. Schröder, and C. Denz, �??Spatial optical (2+1)-dimensional scalarand vector-solitons in saturable nonlinear media,�?? Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 11, 573-629 (2002). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

M. D. Iturbe Castillo, P. A. Marquez Aguilar, J. J. Sanchez-Mondragon, S. Stepanov, and V. Vysloukh, �??Spatial solitons in photorefractive Bi12TiO20 with drift mechanism of nonlinearity,�?? Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 408�??410 (1994). [CrossRef]

J. Appl. Phys.

N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, �??Experimental study of the self-focusing process temporal beahvior in photorefractive Bi12TiO20,�?? J. Appl. Phys. 85, 2062�??2067 (1999). [CrossRef]

J. Mod. Opt.

N. Korneev, P. A. Márquez Aguilar, J. J. Sánchez Mondragón, S. Stepanov, M. Klein, and B. Wechsler, �??Anisotropy of steady-state two-dimensional lenses in photorefractive crystals with drift nonlinearity,�?? J. Mod. Opt. 43, 311�??321 (1996). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt.

E. Fazio, W. Ramadan, M. Bertolotti, A. Petris, and V. I. Vlad, �??Complete characterization of (2+1)D soliton formation in photorefractive crystals with strong optical activity,�?? J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 5 S119�??S123 (2003). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

M. Segev, M. Shih, and G. C. Valley, �??Photorefractive screening solitons of high and low intensity,�?? J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 13, 706�??718 (1996). [CrossRef]

Opt. Commun.

G. S. García Quirino, M. D. Iturbe Castillo, J. J. Sánchez-Mondragón, S. Stepanov, and V. Vysloukh, �??Intrferometric measurements of the photoinduced refractive index profiles in photorefractive Bi12TiO20 crystal,�?? Opt. Commun. 123, 597�??602 (1996). [CrossRef]
W. Królikowski, N. Akhmediev, D. R. Andersen, and B. Luther-Davis, �??Effect of natural optical activity on the propagation of photorefractive solitons,�?? Opt. Commun. 132, 179�??189 (1996). [CrossRef]
N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, �??Build up mechanisms of (1+1)-dimensional photorefractive bright spatial quasi-steady-state and screening solitons,�?? Opt. Commun. 145, 393�??400 (1998 [CrossRef]

Opt. Lett.

Opt. Mat.

C. Hesse, N. Fressengeas, D. Wolfersberger, and G. Kugel, �??Self-focusing of a continuous laser beam in KnbO3 in the presence of an externally applied electric field,�?? Opt. Mat. 18, 187�??190 (2001). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. A

A. A. Zozulya, D. Z. Anderson, �??Propagation of an optical beam in a photorefractive medium in the presence of a photogalvanic nonlinearity or an externally applied electric field,�?? Phys. Rev. A 51, 1520�??1531 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. E

N. Fressengeas, J. Maufoy, and G. Kugel, �??Temporal behavior of bidimensional photorefractive bright spatial solitons,�?? Phys. Rev. E 54, 6866�??6875 (1996). [CrossRef]
M. Wesner, C. Herden, R. Pankrath, D. Kip, and P. Moretti, �??Temporal development of photorefractive solitons up to telecommunication wavelengths in strontium-barium niobate waveguides,�?? Phys. Rev. E 64, 036613- �??036613-4 (2001). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

G. C. Duree, J. L. Shultz, G. J. Salamo, M. Segev, A. Yariv, B. Crosignani, P. Di Porto, E. J. Sharp, and R. R. Neurgaonkar, �??Observation of self-trapping of an optical beam due to the photorefractive effect,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 533�??536 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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