Temperature independent highly birefringent photonic crystal fibre

doi:10.1364/OPEX.12.005160

Optics Express

Editor: Michael Duncan
Vol. 12, Iss. 21 — Oct. 18, 2004
pp: 5160–5165

Temperature independent highly birefringent photonic crystal fibre

Andrew Michie, John Canning, Katja Lyytikäinen, Mattias �?slund, and Justin Digweed »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 12, Issue 21, pp. 5160-5165 (2004)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OPEX.12.005160

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Abstract
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Abstract

A highly birefringent photonic crystal fibre has been characterised as a function of temperature. The modal birefringence has been found to be independent of temperature from -25 to 800 °C.

OCIS Codes
(060.2280) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fiber design and fabrication
(060.2420) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fibers, polarization-maintaining

ToC Category:
Research Papers

History
Original Manuscript: August 24, 2004
Revised Manuscript: October 6, 2004
Published: October 18, 2004

Citation
Andrew Michie, John Canning, Katja Lyytikäinen, Mattias �?slund, and Justin Digweed, "Temperature independent highly birefringent photonic crystal fibre," Opt. Express 12, 5160-5165 (2004)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-12-21-5160

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References

A. Ortigosa-Blanche, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, J.Arriaga, B.J.Mangan,T.A. Birks, and P.St.J. Russell, �??Highly birefringent photonic crystal fibers,�?? Opt. Lett. 25, 1325-1327 (2000). [CrossRef]
J. Noda, K. Okamoto and Y. Sasaki, �??Polarization-maintaining fibers and their applications,�?? J. Ligthwave Technol. 4, 1071-1089 (1986). [CrossRef]
A.J. Barlow and D.N. Payne, �??The stress-optic effect in optical fibres,�?? IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-19 (5), 834-839 (1983). [CrossRef]
M.D. Nielsen, G.Vienne, J.R. Jensen, A. Bjarklev, �??Modelling birefringence in isolated elliptical core photonic crystal fibers,�?? LEOS (San Diego, USA, 2001).
J.R. Folkenberg, M.D. Nielsen, N.A. Mortensen, C. Jakobsen and H.R. Simonsen, �??Polarization maintaining large mode area photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Express 12, 956-960 (2004). <a href= "http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-956">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-956</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P.R. Chaudhuri, V. Paulose, C. Zhao and C. Lu, �??Near-elliptical core polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber: modeling birefringence characteristics and realization,�?? Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 1301-1303 (2004). [CrossRef]
N. Issa, M. A. van Eijkelenborg, M. Fellew, F. Cox, G. Henry and M.C.J. Large, �??Fabrication and study of microstructured optical fibers with elliptical holes,�?? Opt. Lett. 29, 1336-8 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. Saitoh and M. Koshiba, �??Single-Polarization Single-Mode Photonic Crystal fibers,�?? Photon. Technol. Lett. 15, 1384-1386 (2003). [CrossRef]
H. Kubota, S. Kawanishi, S. Koyanagi, M. Tanaka, and S. Yamaguchi, �??Absolutely Single Polarization Photonic Crystal Fiber,�?? Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 182-184 (2004). [CrossRef]
I. Bassett, M. Bjarme, D. Chan, I. Clarke, J. Digweed, T. Ryan, A. Michie and D. Wong, �??Elliptically polarizing optical fiber,�?? SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. Proceedings of Spie - the International Society for Optical Engineering 3860, 501-6 (1999).
F. Mohr and F. Schadt, �??Bias error in fiber optic gyroscopes due to elastooptic interactions in the sensor fiber,�?? EWOFS, Spain, SPIE 5502, 410-412 (2004).
M.Szpulak, T.Martynkien, and W.Urbanczyk, �??Effects of hydrostatic pressure on phase and group birefringence in microstructured holey fibers,�?? Appl. Opt. 43, 4739-4744 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Szpulak, T. Martynkien, W. Urbanczyk, J. Wojcik and W.J. Bock, �??Temperature sensitivity of photonic crystal holey fibers,�?? Bellingham, Wash, SPIE 5028, 108-114 (2002).
M. Szpulak, T. Martynkien, W. Urbanczyk, J. Wojcik and W.J. Bock, �??Influence of temperature on birefringence and polarization mode dispersion in photonic crystal fibers,�?? Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks and 1st European Symposium on Photonic Crystals, Warsaw, 2, (April 21-25, 2002) pp. 89-92.
K. Suzuki, H. Kubota, S. Kawanishi, M. Tanaka, and M. Fujita, �??Optical properties of a low-loss polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Express 9, 676-680 (2001). <a href= "http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-676">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-676</a>. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T.A. Birks, J.C. Knight, and P.S.J. Russell, �??Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Lett. 22, 961-963 (1997). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M.J. Steel and R.M. Osgood jr., �??Polarisation and dispersion properties of elliptical-hole photonic crystal fibers,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 19, 495-503 (2001). [CrossRef]
A. Ortigosa-Blanch, A. Diez, M. Delgado-Pinar, J.L. Cruz,and M.V. Andres, �??Ultrahigh Birefringent Nonlinear Microstructured Fiber,�?? Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 1667-1669 (2004). [CrossRef]

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[1] A. Ortigosa-Blanche, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, J.Arriaga, B.J.Mangan,T.A. Birks, and P.St.J. Russell, �??Highly birefringent photonic crystal fibers,�?? Opt. Lett. 25, 1325-1327 (2000). [CrossRef]

[2] J. Noda, K. Okamoto and Y. Sasaki, �??Polarization-maintaining fibers and their applications,�?? J. Ligthwave Technol. 4, 1071-1089 (1986). [CrossRef]

[3] A.J. Barlow and D.N. Payne, �??The stress-optic effect in optical fibres,�?? IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-19 (5), 834-839 (1983). [CrossRef]

[4] M.D. Nielsen, G.Vienne, J.R. Jensen, A. Bjarklev, �??Modelling birefringence in isolated elliptical core photonic crystal fibers,�?? LEOS (San Diego, USA, 2001).

[5] J.R. Folkenberg, M.D. Nielsen, N.A. Mortensen, C. Jakobsen and H.R. Simonsen, �??Polarization maintaining large mode area photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Express 12, 956-960 (2004). <a href= "http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-956">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-956</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] P.R. Chaudhuri, V. Paulose, C. Zhao and C. Lu, �??Near-elliptical core polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber: modeling birefringence characteristics and realization,�?? Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 1301-1303 (2004). [CrossRef]

[7] N. Issa, M. A. van Eijkelenborg, M. Fellew, F. Cox, G. Henry and M.C.J. Large, �??Fabrication and study of microstructured optical fibers with elliptical holes,�?? Opt. Lett. 29, 1336-8 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[8] K. Saitoh and M. Koshiba, �??Single-Polarization Single-Mode Photonic Crystal fibers,�?? Photon. Technol. Lett. 15, 1384-1386 (2003). [CrossRef]

[9] H. Kubota, S. Kawanishi, S. Koyanagi, M. Tanaka, and S. Yamaguchi, �??Absolutely Single Polarization Photonic Crystal Fiber,�?? Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 182-184 (2004). [CrossRef]

[10] I. Bassett, M. Bjarme, D. Chan, I. Clarke, J. Digweed, T. Ryan, A. Michie and D. Wong, �??Elliptically polarizing optical fiber,�?? SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. Proceedings of Spie - the International Society for Optical Engineering 3860, 501-6 (1999).

[11] F. Mohr and F. Schadt, �??Bias error in fiber optic gyroscopes due to elastooptic interactions in the sensor fiber,�?? EWOFS, Spain, SPIE 5502, 410-412 (2004).

[12] M.Szpulak, T.Martynkien, and W.Urbanczyk, �??Effects of hydrostatic pressure on phase and group birefringence in microstructured holey fibers,�?? Appl. Opt. 43, 4739-4744 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[13] M. Szpulak, T. Martynkien, W. Urbanczyk, J. Wojcik and W.J. Bock, �??Temperature sensitivity of photonic crystal holey fibers,�?? Bellingham, Wash, SPIE 5028, 108-114 (2002).

[14] M. Szpulak, T. Martynkien, W. Urbanczyk, J. Wojcik and W.J. Bock, �??Influence of temperature on birefringence and polarization mode dispersion in photonic crystal fibers,�?? Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks and 1st European Symposium on Photonic Crystals, Warsaw, 2, (April 21-25, 2002) pp. 89-92.

[15] K. Suzuki, H. Kubota, S. Kawanishi, M. Tanaka, and M. Fujita, �??Optical properties of a low-loss polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Express 9, 676-680 (2001). <a href= "http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-676">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-9-13-676</a>. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[16] T.A. Birks, J.C. Knight, and P.S.J. Russell, �??Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber,�?? Opt. Lett. 22, 961-963 (1997). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[17] M.J. Steel and R.M. Osgood jr., �??Polarisation and dispersion properties of elliptical-hole photonic crystal fibers,�?? J. Lightwave Technol. 19, 495-503 (2001). [CrossRef]

[18] A. Ortigosa-Blanch, A. Diez, M. Delgado-Pinar, J.L. Cruz,and M.V. Andres, �??Ultrahigh Birefringent Nonlinear Microstructured Fiber,�?? Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 1667-1669 (2004). [CrossRef]

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Temperature independent highly birefringent photonic crystal fibre