OSA's Digital Library

Optics Express

Optics Express

  • Editor: Michael Duncan
  • Vol. 13, Iss. 1 — Jan. 10, 2005
  • pp: 236–244

Ultimate low loss of hollow-core photonic crystal fibres

P. Roberts, F. Couny, H. Sabert, B. Mangan, D. Williams, L. Farr, M. Mason, A. Tomlinson, T. Birks, J. Knight, and P. St. J. Russell  »View Author Affiliations


Optics Express, Vol. 13, Issue 1, pp. 236-244 (2005)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OPEX.13.000236


View Full Text Article

Enhanced HTML    Acrobat PDF (283 KB)





Browse Journals / Lookup Meetings

Browse by Journal and Year


   


Lookup Conference Papers

Close Browse Journals / Lookup Meetings

Article Tools

Share
Citations

Abstract

Hollow-core photonic crystal fibres have excited interest as potential ultra-low loss telecommunications fibres because light propagates mainly in air instead of solid glass. We propose that the ultimate limit to the attenuation of such fibres is determined by surface roughness due to frozenin capillary waves. This is confirmed by measurements of the surface roughness in a HC-PCF, the angular distribution of the power scattered out of the core, and the wavelength dependence of the minimum loss of fibres drawn to different scales.

© 2005 Optical Society of America

OCIS Codes
(060.2280) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fiber design and fabrication
(230.4000) Optical devices : Microstructure fabrication

ToC Category:
Research Papers

History
Original Manuscript: November 17, 2004
Revised Manuscript: December 21, 2004
Published: January 10, 2005

Citation
P. Roberts, F. Couny, H. Sabert, B. Mangan, D. Williams, L. Farr, M. Mason, A. Tomlinson, T. Birks, J. Knight, and P. St. J. Russell, "Ultimate low loss of hollow-core photonic crystal fibres," Opt. Express 13, 236-244 (2005)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-13-1-236


Sort:  Journal  |  Reset  

References

  1. P. St.J. Russell, �??Photonic crystal fibers,�?? Science 299, 358-362 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  2. R. F. Cregan, B. J. Mangan, J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St.J. Russell, P. J. Roberts and D. C. Allan, �??Singlemode photonic band gap guidance of light in air,�?? Science 285, 1537-1539 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  3. C. M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M. T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J. A. West, N. F. Borrelli, D. C. Allan and K. W. Koch, �??Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fibre,�?? Nature 424, 657-659 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  4. J. A. West, C. M. Smith, N. F. Borrelli, D. C. Allan and K. W. Koch, �??Surface modes in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,�?? Opt. Express 12, 1485-1496 (2004), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1485">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1485</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  5. B. J. Mangan, L. Farr, A. Langford, P. J. Roberts, D. P. Williams, F. Couny, M. Lawman, M. Mason, S. Coupland, R. Flea, H. Sabert, T. A. Birks, J. C. Knight and P. St.J. Russell, �??Low loss (1.7 dB/km) hollow core photonic bandgap fiber,�?? in Proc. Opt. Fiber. Commun. Conf. (2004), paper PDP24.
  6. K. Nagayama, M. Kakui, M. Matsui, I. Saitoh and Y. Chigusa, �??Ultra-low-loss (0.1484 dB/km) pure silica core fibre and extension of transmission distance,�?? Electron. Lett. 38, 1168-1169 (2002). [CrossRef]
  7. T. Miya, Y. Terunuma, T. Hosaka and T. Miyashita, �??Ultimate low-loss single-mode fibre at 1.55 µm ,�?? Electron. Lett. 15, 106-108 (1979). [CrossRef]
  8. M. Ohashi, K. Shiraki and K. Tajima, �??Optical loss property of silica-based single-mode fibers,�?? IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 10, 539-543 (1992). [CrossRef]
  9. M. K. Sanyal, S. K. Sinha, K. G. Huang and B. M. Ocko, �??X-ray-scattering study of capillary-wave fluctuations at a liquid surface,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 628-631 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  10. A. K. Doerr, M. Tolan, W. Prange, J.-P. Schlomka, T. Seydel, W. Press, D. Smilgies and B. Struth, �??Observation of capillary waves on liquid thin films from mesoscopic to atomic length scales,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3470-3473 (1999). [CrossRef]
  11. T. Seydel, A. Madsen, M. Tolan, G. Grübel and W. Press, �??Capillary waves in slow motion,�?? Phys. Rev. B 63, 073409 (2001). [CrossRef]
  12. J. Jäckle and K. Kawasaki, �??Intrinsic roughness of glass surfaces,�?? J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 7, 4351-4358 (1995). [CrossRef]
  13. P. K. Gupta, D. Inniss, C. R. Kurkjian and Q. Zhong, �??Nanoscale roughness of oxide glass surfaces,�?? J. Non-Cryst. Solids 262, 200-206 (2000). [CrossRef]
  14. R. Brückner, �??Properties and structure of vitreous silica I,�?? J. Non-Cryst. Solids 5, 123-175 (1970). [CrossRef]
  15. N. P. Bansal and R. H. Doremus, Handbook of Glass Properties (Academic Press, Orlando, 1986).
  16. A. W. Sn yder and J. D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory (Chapman and Hall, London, 1983).
  17. J. D. Joannopoulos, R. D. Meade and J. N. Winn, Photonic Crystals (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1995)
  18. F. P. Payne and J. P. R. Lacey, �??A theoretical analysis of scattering loss from planar optical waveguides,�?? Opt. Quantum Electron. 26, 977-986 (1994). [CrossRef]
  19. A. Roder, W. Kob and K. Binder, �??Structure and dynamics of amorphous silica surfaces,�?? J. Chem. Phys. 114, 7602-7614 (2001). [CrossRef]
  20. A. D. Fitt, K. Furusawa, T. M. Monro, C. P. Please and D. J. Richardson, �??The mathematical modelling of capillary drawing for holey fibre manufacture,�?? J. Eng. Math. 43, 201-227 (2002). [CrossRef]
  21. A. L. Yarin, P. Gospodinov, V. I. Roussinov, �??Stability loss and sensitivity in hollow fiber drawing,�?? Phys. Fluids 6, 1454-1463 (1994). [CrossRef]
  22. M. E. Lines, W. A. Reed, D. J. Di Giovanni and J. R. Hamblin, �??Explanation of anomalous loss in high delta singlemode fibres,�?? Electron. Lett. 35, 1009-1010 (1999). [CrossRef]
  23. F. Couny, H. Sabert , P. J. Roberts, D. P. Williams, A. Tomlinson, B. J. Mangan, L. Farr, J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks and P. St.J. Russell, �??Visualization of the photonic band gap in hollow core photonic crystal fibers using side scattering,�?? submitted to Opt. Express.
  24. Hecht, J. Understanding Fiber Optics (Prentice Hall, Columbus, 1999).
  25. N. M. Litchinit ser, A. K. Abeeluck, C. Headley and B. J. Eggleton, �??Antiresonant reflecting photonic crystal optical waveguides,�?? Opt. Lett. 27, 1592-1594 (2002). [CrossRef]
  26. A. Kucuk, A. G. Clare and L. Jones, �??An estimation of the surface tension for silicate glass melts at 1400 °C using statistical analysis,�?? Glass Technol. 40, 149-153 (1999).
  27. N. M. Parikh, �??Effect of atmosphere on surface tension of glass,�?? J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 41, 18-22 (1958). [CrossRef]
  28. S. D. Hart, G. R. Maskaly, B. Temelkuran, P. H. Prideaux, J. D. Joannopoulos and Y. Fink, �??External Reflection from Omnidirectional Dielectric Mirror Fibers,�?? Science 296, 510-513 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  29. K. Kuriki, O. Shapira, S. D. Hart, G. Benoit, Y. Kuriki, J. F. Viens, M. Bayindir, J. D. Joannopoulos and Y. Fink, �??Hollow multilayer photonic bandgap fibers for NIR applications,�?? Opt. Express 12, 1510-1517 (2004), <a href="http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1510.">http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1510</a> [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Cited By

Alert me when this paper is cited

OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. CrossRef includes content from more than 3000 publishers and societies. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.


« Previous Article  |  Next Article »

OSA is a member of CrossRef.

CrossCheck Deposited