A novel method is proposed to manipulate beam by modulating light phase through a metallic film with arrayed nano-slits, which have constant depth but variant widths. The slits transport electro-magnetic energy in the form of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in nanometric waveguides and provide desired phase retardations of beam manipulating with variant phase propagation constant. Numerical simulation of an illustrative lens design example is performed through finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and shows agreement with theory analysis result. In addition, extraordinary optical transmission of SPPs through sub-wavelength metallic slits is observed in the simulation and helps to improve elements�?? energy using factor.

© 2005 Optical Society of America

1. T.W. Ebbesen, H.J. Lezec, H.F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, P.A. Wolff, �??Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,�?? Nature 391, 667-669 (1998). [CrossRef]
2. H.F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, D.E. Grupp, T.W. Ebbesen, and H.J. Lezec, �??Surface plasmon enhance optical transmission through subwavelength holes,�?? Phys. Rev. B 58 6779-6782 (1998). [CrossRef]
3. L. Martin-Moreno, F.J. Garcia-Vidal, H.J. Lezec, K.M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J.B. Pendry, and T.W. Ebbesen, �??Theory of extraordinary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114-1117 (2001). [CrossRef]
4. H.J. Lezec, A. Degiron, E. Devaux, R.A. Linke, F. Martin-Moreno, L.J. Garcia-Vidal, and T.W. Ebbesen, �??Beaming light from a subwavelength aperture,�?? Science 297, 220-222 (2002).
5. L. Martin-Moreno, F.J. Garcia-Vidal, H.J. Lezec, A. Degiron, and T.W. Ebbesen, �??Theory of highly directional emission from a single subwavelength aperture surrounded by surface corrugations,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 167-401 (2003).
6. F. J. Garcia-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, T.W. Ebbesen, and L. Martin-Moreno, �??Multiple Paths to Enhance Optical Transmission through a Single Subwavelength Slit,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 213901(2003). [CrossRef]
7. Liang-Bin Yu, Ding-Zheng Lin, Yi-Chun Chen, You-Chia Chang, Kuo-Tung Huang, Jiunn-Woei Liaw, Jyi-Tyan Yeh, Jonq-Min Liu, Chau-Shioung Yeh1 and Chih-Kung Lee, �??Physical origin of directional beaming emitted from a subwavelength slit,�?? Phys. Rev. B 71, 041405 (2005). [CrossRef]
8. Zhijun Sun and Hong Koo Kim, �??Refractive transmission of light and beam shaping with metallic nano-optic lenses,�?? Appl. Phy. Lett. 85, 642-644 (2004)
9. H. Raether, Surface Plasmons on Smooth and Rough Surfaces and on Gratings (Springer, Heidelberg, 1988), Chap. 2.
10. W. L. Barnes and A. Dereux and T.W. Ebbesen, �??Surface plasmon subwavelength optics,�?? Nature, 424, 824�??830 (2003) [CrossRef]
11. Reuven Gordon and Alexandre G. Brolo, �??Increased cut-off wavelength for a subwavelength hole in a real metal,�?? Opt. Express 13, 1933-1938 (2005) [CrossRef]
12. Max Born and Emil Wolf, Principles of Optics, (Pergamon Press, 1975).

Appl. Phy. Lett.

• Zhijun Sun and Hong Koo Kim, �??Refractive transmission of light and beam shaping with metallic nano-optic lenses,�?? Appl. Phy. Lett. 85, 642-644 (2004)

Nature

• T.W. Ebbesen, H.J. Lezec, H.F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, P.A. Wolff, �??Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,�?? Nature 391, 667-669 (1998). [CrossRef]
• W. L. Barnes and A. Dereux and T.W. Ebbesen, �??Surface plasmon subwavelength optics,�?? Nature, 424, 824�??830 (2003) [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

• Reuven Gordon and Alexandre G. Brolo, �??Increased cut-off wavelength for a subwavelength hole in a real metal,�?? Opt. Express 13, 1933-1938 (2005) [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. B

• Liang-Bin Yu, Ding-Zheng Lin, Yi-Chun Chen, You-Chia Chang, Kuo-Tung Huang, Jiunn-Woei Liaw, Jyi-Tyan Yeh, Jonq-Min Liu, Chau-Shioung Yeh1 and Chih-Kung Lee, �??Physical origin of directional beaming emitted from a subwavelength slit,�?? Phys. Rev. B 71, 041405 (2005). [CrossRef]
• H.F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, D.E. Grupp, T.W. Ebbesen, and H.J. Lezec, �??Surface plasmon enhance optical transmission through subwavelength holes,�?? Phys. Rev. B 58 6779-6782 (1998). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

• L. Martin-Moreno, F.J. Garcia-Vidal, H.J. Lezec, K.M. Pellerin, T. Thio, J.B. Pendry, and T.W. Ebbesen, �??Theory of extraordinary optical transmission through subwavelength hole arrays,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1114-1117 (2001). [CrossRef]
• L. Martin-Moreno, F.J. Garcia-Vidal, H.J. Lezec, A. Degiron, and T.W. Ebbesen, �??Theory of highly directional emission from a single subwavelength aperture surrounded by surface corrugations,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 167-401 (2003).
• F. J. Garcia-Vidal, H. J. Lezec, T.W. Ebbesen, and L. Martin-Moreno, �??Multiple Paths to Enhance Optical Transmission through a Single Subwavelength Slit,�?? Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 213901(2003). [CrossRef]

Science

• H.J. Lezec, A. Degiron, E. Devaux, R.A. Linke, F. Martin-Moreno, L.J. Garcia-Vidal, and T.W. Ebbesen, �??Beaming light from a subwavelength aperture,�?? Science 297, 220-222 (2002).

Other

• H. Raether, Surface Plasmons on Smooth and Rough Surfaces and on Gratings (Springer, Heidelberg, 1988), Chap. 2.
• Max Born and Emil Wolf, Principles of Optics, (Pergamon Press, 1975).

Click here to see a list of articles that cite this paper

Related Journal Articles

• Local plasmon sensor with gold colloid monolayers deposited upon glass substrates (OL)
• Experimental observation of plasmon polariton waves supported by a thin metal film of finite width (OL)
• Plasmon polariton modes guided by a metal film of finite width (OL)
• Refractive-Index and Thickness Sensitivity in Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy (AO)
• Three-dimensional nanoscale far-field focusing of radially polarized light by scattering the SPPs with an annular groove (OE)

Related Conference Papers

• Negative Refraction and Sub-Wavelength Imaging Through Surface Waves on Periodically Structured Metal Surface
• Negative Refraction and Sub-Wavelength Imaging Through Surface Waves on Periodically Structured Metal Surface
• Near-Field Phase Patterns of Metallic Nanostructures by Oblique Incident Light
• Near-Field Phase Patterns of Metallic Nanostructures by Oblique Incident Light
• Surface States in One and Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals