One GHz linewidth, 33 line per mm, wide angle imaging filter at the potassium resonant line

doi:10.1364/OE.14.011113

One GHz linewidth, 33 line per mm, wide angle imaging filter at the potassium resonant line

Lipeng Qian, Sohail H. Zaidi, and Richard B. Miles »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 14, Issue 23, pp. 11113-11127 (2006)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.14.011113

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Abstract

This paper presents a narrow linewidth, high resolution, and high quantum efficiency imaging transmission filter based on optical trapping of resonance radiation in potassium vapor. The filter can be used to image radiation over a bandwidth narrow enough to fall within a Fraunhofer dark zone in the solar spectrum, and it can be applied to the imaging of flames, plumes or discharges containing potassium. It may also be applicable to the imaging of Raman scattering from a tunable laser. The spectral and imaging properties of the filter are demonstrated with a 1 cm aperture optically thick potassium cell illuminated by a narrow linewidth tunable laser. The spectral width at the potassium D2 line wavelength, 766.5 nm, is shown to be 1 to 2 GHz (.002 nm). At the line center, the quantum efficiency is better than 60% and the imaging resolution is better than 30 line pairs per mm. By employing a 200 micron “thin” potassium vapor cell, it is also shown that the filter maintains the high quantum efficiency (~50%) and good imaging capability (~20 lines per mm) across the 2 GHz spectral bandwidth of the cell. The “thin” cell has an out-of-band rejection of better than 1000. Its operation is demonstrated with a tunable laser as well as with broad band light from a potassium lamp and from a potassium chloride seeded flame.

OCIS Codes
(040.1880) Detectors : Detection
(110.2970) Imaging systems : Image detection systems

ToC Category:
Imaging Systems

History
Original Manuscript: August 11, 2006
Revised Manuscript: October 4, 2006
Manuscript Accepted: October 24, 2006
Published: November 13, 2006

Citation
Lipeng Qian, Sohail H. Zaidi, and Richard B. Miles, "One GHz linewidth, 33 line per mm, wide angle imaging filter at the potassium resonant line," Opt. Express 14, 11113-11127 (2006)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-14-23-11113

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References

D. Pappas, T. L. Correll, N. C. Pixley, B. W. Smith, J. D. Winefordner, "Detection of Mie Scattering Using a Resonance Fluorescence Monochromator," Appl. Spectrosc. 56, 1237-1240 (2002). [CrossRef]
J.A. Gelbwachs, "Passive Fraunhofer-wavelength atomic filter at 460.7 nm," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 28,2577-2581, (1992). [CrossRef]
Langberg, Naylor, and Hechtsher, "An Image-Forming, Resonance Scatter Filter," Conference on Optical Instruments and Techniques, 229-237, (1961).
J.P. Temirov, N.V. Chigarev, O.I. Matveev, et al."A resonance ionization imaging detector based on cesium atomic vapor," Spectrochemica Acta, Part B, 59(5), 677-687, (2004). [CrossRef]
R.B. Miles, A. Yalin, Z. Tang, S.H. Zaidi, J. Forkey, "Flow field imaging through sharp-edged atomic and molecular 'notch' filters," J. Meas. Sci. Technol., 12, 442-451, (2001). [CrossRef]
T. Tang, "Infra-red rubidium atomic resonant filters for low wavenumber scattering," Phd Thesis, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Pricneton University, (2001).
L. Qian, S.H. Zaidi and R.B. Miles, "Narrow Linewidth Potassium Imaging Filter for Near Infrared Detection of Missile Plumes," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 2005-0825, (2005)
N. D. Finkelstein, W.R. Lempert, and R.B. Miles, "Narrow-linewidth passband filter for ultraviolet rotational Raman imaging," Opt. Lett. 22, 537, (1997). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
N. Bendali, H.T. Duong, et al., "Optical resonance detection by field-ionization of Rydberg state in collinear laser spectroscopy," J. of Phys. B: Atomic, Molecular and Optics Physics 11, 4231-4240, (1981) [CrossRef]
D.S. Hughes, P.E. Lloyd, "Pressure effects of homogeneous K vapor in absorption," Phys. Rev., 52, 1215-1220, (1937) [CrossRef]
E.E. Whiting, "An Empirical Approximation of the Voigt Profile," J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 8, 1379-1384, (1968). [CrossRef]
D.C. Morton, "Atomic Data for Resonance Absorption Lines III," Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 149, 205, (2003). [CrossRef]
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 4-129, (1999).</bok>
F. Grum, G. W. Luckey, "Optical sphere paint and a working standard of reflectance," App. Opt. 7, 11, 2289, (1968). [CrossRef]

App. Opt.

F. Grum, G. W. Luckey, "Optical sphere paint and a working standard of reflectance," App. Opt. 7, 11, 2289, (1968). [CrossRef]

Appl. Spectrosc.

D. Pappas, T. L. Correll, N. C. Pixley, B. W. Smith, J. D. Winefordner, "Detection of Mie Scattering Using a Resonance Fluorescence Monochromator," Appl. Spectrosc. 56, 1237-1240 (2002). [CrossRef]

Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

D.C. Morton, "Atomic Data for Resonance Absorption Lines III," Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 149, 205, (2003). [CrossRef]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

J.A. Gelbwachs, "Passive Fraunhofer-wavelength atomic filter at 460.7 nm," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 28,2577-2581, (1992). [CrossRef]

J. Meas. Sci. Technol.

R.B. Miles, A. Yalin, Z. Tang, S.H. Zaidi, J. Forkey, "Flow field imaging through sharp-edged atomic and molecular 'notch' filters," J. Meas. Sci. Technol., 12, 442-451, (2001). [CrossRef]

J. of Phys. B: Atomic, Molecular and Optics Physics

N. Bendali, H.T. Duong, et al., "Optical resonance detection by field-ionization of Rydberg state in collinear laser spectroscopy," J. of Phys. B: Atomic, Molecular and Optics Physics 11, 4231-4240, (1981) [CrossRef]

J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer

E.E. Whiting, "An Empirical Approximation of the Voigt Profile," J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 8, 1379-1384, (1968). [CrossRef]

Opt. Lett.

N. D. Finkelstein, W.R. Lempert, and R.B. Miles, "Narrow-linewidth passband filter for ultraviolet rotational Raman imaging," Opt. Lett. 22, 537, (1997). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Part B

J.P. Temirov, N.V. Chigarev, O.I. Matveev, et al."A resonance ionization imaging detector based on cesium atomic vapor," Spectrochemica Acta, Part B, 59(5), 677-687, (2004). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev.

D.S. Hughes, P.E. Lloyd, "Pressure effects of homogeneous K vapor in absorption," Phys. Rev., 52, 1215-1220, (1937) [CrossRef]

Other

T. Tang, "Infra-red rubidium atomic resonant filters for low wavenumber scattering," Phd Thesis, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Pricneton University, (2001).
L. Qian, S.H. Zaidi and R.B. Miles, "Narrow Linewidth Potassium Imaging Filter for Near Infrared Detection of Missile Plumes," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 2005-0825, (2005)
Langberg, Naylor, and Hechtsher, "An Image-Forming, Resonance Scatter Filter," Conference on Optical Instruments and Techniques, 229-237, (1961).
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 4-129, (1999).</bok>

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